A network approach to the five-facet model of mindfulness

Despite the large-scale dissemination of mindfulness-based interventions, debates persist about the very nature of mindfulness. To date, one of the dominant views is the five-facet approach, which suggests that mindfulness includes five facets (i.e., Observing, Describing, Nonjudging, Nonreactivity, and Acting with Awareness). However, uncertainty remains regarding the potential interplay between these facets. In this study, we investigated the five-facet model via network analysis in an unselected sample (n = 1704). We used two distinct computational network approaches: a Gaussian graphical model (i.e., undirected) and a directed acyclic graph, with each model determining the relations between the facets and their relative importance in the network. Both computational approaches pointed to the facet denoting Acting with Awareness as playing an especially potent role in the network system. Altogether, our findings offer novel data-driven clues for the field's larger quest to ascertain the very foundations of mindfulness.

Evaluating Audio Description and BPS Visitor Experience in Titanic Belfast

This paper presents the results of a study that evaluates audio description (AD) and visitor experience with a group of blind and partially sighted (BPS) visitors to a real-world visitor attraction—Titanic Belfast. We apply the 10-facet model of visitor experience of Packer and Ballantyne (2016) for the first time in the context of accessibility, and through this we highlight accessibility issues which arose during the study. We identify two categories in our qualitative analysis that the model (Packer & Ballantyne, 2016) cannot cover. We also model the factors that influence visitor experience and apply them to the later approach of Packer, Ballantyne, & Bond’s (2018) Dimensions of Visitor Experience (DoVE) Adjective Checklist. The checklist is based on their previous 10-facet model, and translated and refined into 15 dimensions. Although the DoVE checklist is not specifically designed for the context of accessibility, we found that it is sufficiently comprehensive to model accessibility aspects of the museum AD and visitor experience for BPS visitors.

Developing a Taxonomic Framework of Security Methods for Security Management and Information Resource Management

People who are concerned with security (such as security professionals) are naturally interested in methods of achieving security. This paper proposes an approach to creating a taxonomic framework of security methods. The taxonomic framework is developed using facet analysis based on a tetra-facet model of security, which identifies four facets of security: subject/scope of security, object of protection, source of insecurity, and method of protection. The taxonomic framework of security methods is created by combining two of the facets: source of insecurity and method of protection. The taxonomic framework of security methods can be integrated with the taxonomic framework of security (which was developed in a previous study), and can be used for security management and the management of information resources related to security and security methods.

In Situ Wireless Channel Visualization Using Augmented Reality and Ray Tracing

This article presents a novel methodology for predicting wireless signal propagation using ray-tracing algorithms, and visualizing signal variations in situ by leveraging Augmented Reality (AR) tools. The proposed system performs a special type of spatial mapping, capable of converting a scanned indoor environment to a vector facet model. A ray-tracing algorithm uses the facet model for wireless signal predictions. Finally, an AR application overlays the signal strength predictions on the physical space in the form of holograms. Although some indoor reconstruction models have already been developed, this paper proposes an image to a facet algorithm for indoor reconstruction and compares its performance with existing AR algorithms, such as spatial understanding that are modified to create the required facet models. In addition, the paper orchestrates AR and ray-tracing techniques to provide an in situ network visualization interface. It is shown that the accuracy of the derived facet models is acceptable, and the overall signal predictions are not significantly affected by any potential inaccuracies of the indoor reconstruction. With the expected increase of densely deployed indoor 5G networks, it is believed that these types of AR applications for network visualization will play a key role in the successful planning of 5G networks.

Der Rückschaufehler bei strafrechtlichen Fahrlässigkeitsbeurteilungen

The work deals with the question of the extent to which criminal negligence assessments under German criminal law are susceptible to cognitive-psychological distortions due to the so-called hindsight bias. Initially, the author identifies the characteristics of negligence that are susceptible to a hindsight bias in the various criminal law dogmatic negligence concepts. After that, she attempts to classify a hindsight bias that may arise in the criminal negligence assessment on the basis of the three-facet model by Blank et al. Finally, the concepts are examined to see whether some of them are more suitable than others to avoid distorting influences caused by the hindsight bias.

The Psychology of Creativity

With respect to the psychology of creativity, different approaches are presented that this author has developed over the years. In particular, they are a three-facet approach, an investment approach, and a propulsion approach to creative work. According to the three-facet model, the aspect of intelligence that is most important is creative intelligence. According to the investment theory, creative people defy the crowd as they question familiar beliefs and assumptions. According to the propulsion theory, creativity propels a field in a new direction. Divergent thinking is discussed, but only as a small part of the wider scope of creativity that occurs in real-world domains. Alternative theories are reviewed. Emerging from these theories are common “creative” dispositions that are described, such as an openness to new experience, a willingness to take risks, and intrinsic motivation. Conclusions are drawn regarding how education—often early education—can nurture the development of creative thinking in our society.