Usefulness of Magnetic Mallet in Oral Surgery and Implantology: A Systematic Review

This systematic review aimed to answer the question: “Is the use of magnetic mallet effective in oral and implant surgery procedures in terms of tissue healing, surgery outcome, and complication rate compared to traditional instruments?” A literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases (articles published until 1 October 2021) was conducted, in accordance with the PRISMA statement, using the keywords “magnetic mallet”, “electric mallet”, “oral surgery”, “implantology”, and “dental implant”. Of 252 articles, 14 were included in the review (3 for teeth extraction, and 11 for implant dentistry). Out of a total of 619 dental extractions (256 patients) performed with the magnetic mallet (MM), no complications were reported. Implants inserted totaled 880 (525 patients): 640 in the MM groups (382), and 240 in control groups (133). The survival rate of implants was 98.9% in the MM groups, and 95.42% in the control groups. Seven patients experienced benign paroxysmal positional vertigo after implant surgery, all in control groups. Results are not sufficient to establish the effectiveness of MM in oral and implant surgery procedures. Randomized controlled trials with a large sample size are needed.

METHOD OF HEALTHY TEETH EXTRACTION IN ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT

In the treatment of orthodontic patients, the most difficult and controversial is the question of removing healthy teeth. The aim was to evaluate the 30-year orthodontic clinical experience of the staff of the Postgraduate Education Department of Orthodontists for the use of medical methods of removal of individual healthy teeth in the treatment of dental anomalies. The aim of our study is to evaluate 30 years of orthodontic clinical practice of the staff of the Postgradu- ate Education Department of Orthodontists for the use of medical removal of individual healthy teeth in the treatment of dental anomalies. 1340 dental outpatient cards of orthodontic patients who underwent orthodontic treatment and completed it with a positive result were reviewed at two clinical bases of the Postgraduate Education Department of Orthodontists. The analysis of selected outpatient cards was performed taking into account the age and sex of patients, as well as depending on the type of pathological occlusion (according to Angle) and the type of teeth removed. Cards of patients with Angle's class I and II pathology were selected for scientific analysis. 241 patient underwent tooth extraction at both bases in total in terms of treatment, which is 17.99%. The number of patients with removed temporary teeth was 59.39% (143/241), patients with removed permanent teeth - 40.7% (98/241). Permanent teeth were removed 1.45 times more often at the clinic "Orthodontist", which is explained by the higher frequency of requests for orthodontic care from adults and adolescents. On the basis of the Postgraduate Education Department of Orthodontists, patients with deciduous teeth predominate - 69% (51/74) against 45% (75/167) in the clinic "Orthodontist". This is due to the fact that the main contingent of patients who seek help from the department are patients in the age of variable occlusion, which means that the Hotz method and the author's method of corrective removal of temporary molars are used more often. A detailed analysis of the documentation of patients was performed at the base of the Postgraduate Edu- cation Department of Orthodontists who were treated with the use of individual teeth extraction by periods of occlusion. Children in the period of the first half of the variable occlusion accounted for 39.19% (29/74), chil- dren in the second half of the variable occlusion - 25.67% (19/74), and patients older than 13 years - 35.14% (26/74). In female patients, regardless of age, tooth extraction is performed 13% -15% of cases more often than in men, which is due to a more attentive attitude to the appearance of girls by their parents. Among patients with various types of pathological occlusions treated with the method of removal of individual healthy teeth, children, adolescents and adults with Angle class I occlusion pathology accounted for 53.94% (130/241). Assessing the frequency of application of the method of extraction of healthy teeth by age, we can say that in pathology of class II according to Angle most often the method is used in patients with permanent occlusion in 38.73% (43/111). In the treatment of pathology of class I according to Angle, the removal of healthy teeth is twice as often performed in alternating occlusion than in permanent. In the treatment of pathology of class II according to Angle, the method of removing individual teeth is more often used in patients with permanent occlusion. Research on the consequences of removing individual healthy teeth in orthodontic treatment is relevant and timely. Both in the private sector of orthodontic care and on the clinical basis of the Postgraduate Education Department of Orthodontists, about a fifth of patients of any age and any orthodontic pathology are treated orthodontically using the clinical method of removing individual healthy teeth.

Evaluation of Two Different Types of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Cements as Direct Pulp Capping Agents in Human Teeth

Traumatic human dental injuries involving the pulp might necessitate direct capping procedures. This clinical study aimed to analyse the histological outcomes using two different direct capping materials. Twenty patients with bilateral premolars, scheduled for orthodontic extraction, were selected. The teeth were treated either using ProRoot MTA or RetroMTA. All patients were recalled after 30 and 60 days for teeth extraction. The histopathologically stained specimens were blindly evaluated using hard tissue bridge formation, inflammatory reaction and pulpal findings criteria. Data were evaluated statistically. Results: After 60 days, only the parameter for hard tissue bridge formation showed significant difference in the ProRoot MTA group (p = 0.010), while both direct capping materials performed similarly regarding inflammatory pulp reaction and pulpal findings. Although, during the first 30 days, RetroMTA presented better results in terms of continuity, morphology, hard tissue bridge localisation, and extension/general state of the inflammatory reaction, the continuity was better at 60 days when ProRoot MTA was applied. Treatment with RetroMTA healed the pulpal tissue faster compared with ProRoot MTA but it seemed to be rather a reparative process.

DMF Index among Amelogenesis Imperfecta Patients: Systematic Review of the Literature

Objectives. The aim of this study was to explore the literature in order to assess systematically the association between amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and caries development and to evaluate the DMF index among AI patients. Basic Research Design. PubMed was used to explore the database Medline. The key words used were “Amelogenesis Imperfecta” [Mesh], “Dental Caries” [Mesh], “Tooth Loss” [Mesh], “DMF Index” [Mesh], and “Dental Restoration, Permanent” [Mesh]. Moreover, an ad hoc search was performed in order to make the study as exhaustive as possible. Results. Fifty-five articles were retained. The total number of patients gathered was 499. A percentage of 68.8% of the articles dealt with cases with a relatively low dental caries process, 20.8% dealt with cases in which the dental caries process was relatively moderate, and 10.4% dealt with cases in which the dental caries process was severe. Teeth extraction due to dental caries was mentioned in 10 articles. Eleven articles, concerning 53 patients, mentioned dental fillings. Four patients did not have dental filling due to dental caries. DMF index was very low in 2 articles and low-to-high in 3 articles. Conclusion. Low dental caries susceptibility with AI patients was noticed in this study. A possible factor could be the lack of proximal contacts and elimination of fissures through enamel loss. The lack of dental caries susceptibility was also explained by the microbacterial specificity of hypoplastic AI patients. Moreover, it was also noted that the prevalence of dental caries among AI patients depends on sociodemographic change.

Effect of Propolis Paste and Mouthwash Formulation on Healing after Teeth Extraction in Periodontal Disease

This study investigated the antimicrobial effects of a mouthwash containing propolis and the effect of a propolis paste formulation on dental healing after teeth extraction in patients with periodontal disease. In the mouthwash experience, the population comprised 40 patients, which were divided as follows: the control mouthwash, 0.2% chlorhexidine (v/v) mouthwash, 2% (w/v) propolis mouthwash, and propolis + chlorhexidine mouthwash. The study of the propolis paste comprised a population of 60 patients with periodontal disease, and a total of 120 symmetric tooth extractions were performed. Propolis showed antimicrobial activity by itself, and especially with the chlorhexidine association. Three days after surgery in the teeth treated with control paste, only 13.4% had completely healed; however, with propolis paste, in 90% of the periodontal sockets, healing was complete. In addition, a reduction in Mutans Streptococci and Lactobacilli cfu was observed with propolis, and especially with the association of chlorhexidine + propolis. Propolis mouthwash reduced bacterial proliferation, especially in association with chlorhexidine. Propolis paste is a viable alternative for socket healing after dental extraction. The knowledge gained from these findings will provide a foundation for similar propolis therapies in order to improve the healing process after dental surgery.

Odontossecção intermediária em retenção atípica de caninos inferiores

Two lower canines horizontally situated in the anterior mental region were removed. In order to minimize bone loss during teeth extraction it was used an intermediate tooth section technique. Sectioning allows central, crown and apical portions of the tooth to be removed through a not too large opening provided by bone removal.

Assessment of the Soft-Tissue Seal at the Interface between the Base of the Fixed Denture Pontic and the Oral Mucosa

Fixed dentures (bridges) are often selected as a treatment option for a defective prosthesis. In this study, we assess the contact condition between the base of the pontic and oral mucosa, and examine the effect of prosthetic preparation and material biocompatibility. The molars were removed and replaced with experimental implants with a free-end type bridge superstructure after one week. In Experiment 1, we assessed different types of prosthetic pre-treatment: (1) the untreated control group (Con: mucosa recovering from the tooth extraction); (2) the laser irradiation group (Las: mucosa recovering after the damage caused by a CO2 laser); and (3) the tooth extraction group (Ext: mucosa recovering immediately after the teeth extraction). In Experiment 2, five materials (titanium, zirconia, porcelain, gold-platinum alloy, and self-curing resin) were placed at the base of the bridge pontic. Four weeks after the placement of the bridge, the mucosa adjacent to the pontic base was histologically analyzed. In Experiment 1, the Con and Las groups exhibited no formation of an epithelial sealing structure on the pontic base. In the Ext group, adherent epithelium was observed. In Experiment 2, the sealing properties at the pontic interface were superior for titanium and the zirconia compared with those made of porcelain or gold-platinum alloy. In the resin group, a clear delay in epithelial healing was observed.

Perioperative management of von Willebrand patients at the time of implant placement: Case report

von Willebrand disease is a hereditary disease associated with a tendency to bleed and it is important to reduce the possibility of bleeding in a procedure. This case describes the use of a hemostatic factor, Factor VIII concentrate (Confact F®), during a dental procedure involving teeth extraction and implant placement.