The Association Between Dietary Insulin Index and Load With Mental Health

Background: Depression, anxiety, and stress are common mental problems in different populations. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the association between dietary insulin index (DII) and insulin load (DIL) and psychological disorders. Method: Participants (n = 10,000) aged 20-69 were randomly selected from 200 clusters in Yazd from the recruitment phase of Yazd Health Study. Dietary intake of study participants was collected by a reliable and validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) consisting of 178 food items. DII and DIL were calculated from the FFQ data using previously published reference values. To assess psychological disorders an Iranian validated short version of a self-reported questionnaire (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 [DASS21]) was used.Results: No significant association was observed between DIL and DII with odds of depression or anxiety in crude and adjusted models. The individuals in the highest quartiles of DIL had the lowest odds of stress (OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.48–1.01, P-trend = 0.047). This association remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders in model II (OR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.16–0.91, P-trend = 0.039) and the third and final model (OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.16–0.91, P-trend = 0.041).Conclusion: Overall, consumption of foods with higher II as well as IL was associated with lower feelings of stress; however, no significant relation was observed between DII or DIL and risk of depression and anxiety. Further studies with longitudinal design are needed to confirm these results.

Mental health of Turkish medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: The coronavirus disease emerged in 2019, spread in Turkey as all over the world rapidly. In this process, young people began to experience some mental problems due to the fear of contagion, as well as some changes in their lifestyles. Aims: In this study it is aimed to investigate anxiety and depression levels of medical school students and the factors associated with these mental problems. Method: The forms were sent over the internet to the officials responsible for medical education at universities in various regions of Turkey. A total of 2,778 medical faculty students were included in the study. Students were asked to fill out the sociodemographic data form, the Patient Health Questionnaire – 9 (PHQ-9), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Test. Results: Students’ 67.3% were female and 31.7% were male. About 90.2% of the students in the PHQ-9 scale had depressive symptoms in the major depressive disorder (MDD) dimension, and 44.5% in the GAD-7 scale had moderate/severe anxiety symptoms. Gender, being a preclinical student, history of psychiatric treatment in the past, currently receiving psychiatric treatment, death of someone due to pandemic, economic and health situation, perception of mental health were found associated with MDD and Moderate/Severe Anxiety symptoms. Students with Anxiety and MDD reported significantly more anxiety about contamination and negative beliefs about precautions’ sufficiency. Conclusions: It was determined that medical school students in our country showed anxiety and depression at a remarkable level during the pandemic. Examining the underlying causes of these high rates will be beneficial in terms of taking precautions during the long-term pandemic. In literature, there are a limited number of studies on this subject in our country, we believe that our study will be useful in future studies to determine the underlying causes of mental illnesses and what can be done to help students.

Investigating the Development of Individuals with Mental and Physical Problems Receiving Water Therapy in a Special Education and Rehabilitation Center

Investigation of the physical and psychological development challenged individuals receiving water therapy in a private education rehabilitation center. The aim of this study is to investigate the physical and psychological development challenged individuals receiving water therapy in a private education rehabilitation center.5 children with mentally and physically problems who took water therapy in the Special Education Rehabilitation Center participated in the study. Children aged between 3-8. Children who have mentally problematic, who have participated in the research, have severe, moderate and mild mental problems and who have problems physically also have placenta, quatri plaque, spina bifida etc. children with orthopedic insufficiency.Special mobility training program was prepared for the children to be able to make joint problems for children with mental problems and physical problems. While the program was being prepared, support was received from special educator, water therapist and repertoire people.The study was administered 4 months, 2 days a week and 60-90 minutes. At the beginning of the research, the children who had mental problems were afraid of entering the water, they did not comply with the commands, they did not want to be separated from the mother and father.At the end of the research process, children with mental problems enter the water comfortably and even hurry to enter, they are not afraid of water, they are more adaptable to the commands, they continue to work separately from their parents, they are more willing to enter the water in children who have problems with orthopedic problems. It was observed that most of the children who wanted to move in the water, they were mostly able to perform the movements, and the majority of the children (90%) who had walking pants had walking exercises.

Insomnia, Pre-Sleep Arousal, Psychosocial Factors and Changes in Sleep Pattern during the Second Wave Lockdown of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Georgia

Studies performed across the COVID-19 pandemic waves point to the persistent impact of the pandemic on sleep and mental health. We expand these data by examining insomnia, pre-sleep arousal, psychosocial factors, and retrospective changes in sleep pattern during the COVID-19 second wave lockdown period in Georgia. Data were collected through an online survey (n = 1117). The prevalence rate of probable insomnia disorder was 24.2%. Clinically relevant somatic and cognitive pre-sleep arousal was present in 49.8% and 58.0% of participants, and high levels of anxiety, depression and social isolation were found in 47.0%, 37.3%, 47.2% of respondents, respectively. We observed high prevalence rates of worse sleep quality, delayed bedtimes and risetimes, longer sleep latencies, higher awakenings and shorter sleep durations, relative to the pre-pandemic period. COVID-19-infected subjects showed more severe sleep and mental problems. Specific predictors differentially affected insomnia, somatic and cognitive pre-sleep arousal. Depression and COVID-19 infection emerged as vulnerability factors for pre-sleep arousal, which, in turn, wasassociated with a higher predisposition to insomnia disorder. We confirm the strong deteriorating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep and psychosocial well-being during the second wave lockdown period. The specific association between pre-sleep arousal, insomnia, and psychosocial factors is of clinical relevance for the prevention of severity and persistence of sleep and mental problems across the repeated lockdown/reopening waves. Modulation of pre-sleep arousal may prove beneficial to implement targeted interventions.

Visual Perception in Specific Learning Difficulties

From the moment the child is born, learning becomes meaningful and it is interpreted as a result of the experiences first in the family and then in school. However, it is sometimes not possible to talk about the fact that learning takes place in all children although the process has taken place in this direction. Sometimes the individual differences that exist in children and the inability to get the necessary support in structuring their learning experiences can be effective in the failure of learning, while sometimes the type of congenital difficulty can be effective. One of these types of difficulty is a specific learning difficulty. It is not always possible for children with specific learning difficulties to learn, even if they do not have any mental problems. In this case, many factors can be effective, especially the problems that children experience in their visual perception can become effective. Since visual perception is the processing of symbols received from the environment in the brain, the problem that may be experienced in this process can also make it difficult to learn this situation. In line with these considerations, it is aimed to focus on the importance of visual perception in specific learning difficulties.

HUMAN FACTOR ANALYSIS OF CONTAINER VESSEL’S GROUNDING ACCIDENTS

Investigation on maritime accidents is a very important tool in identifying human factor-related problems. This study examines the causes of accidents, in particular the reasons for the grounding of container ships. These are analysed and evaluation according to the contribution rate using the Monte Carlo simulation. The OpenFTA program is used to run the simulation. The study data are obtained from 46 accident reports from 1993 to 2011. The data were prepared by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Global Integrated Shipping Information System (GISIS). The GISIS is one of the organizations that investigate reported accidents in an international framework and in national shipping companies. The Monte Carlo simulation determined a total of 23.96% human error mental problems, 26.04% physical problems, 38.58% voyage management errors, and 11.42% team management error causes. Consequently, 50% of the human error is attributable to human performance disorders, while 50% team failure has been found.

COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Sağlık Çalışanlarının Yaşadıkları Mental Sorunlar

The epidemic of COVID-19, which started in Wuhan province of China and rapidly turned into a pandemic worldwide, affected all individuals in the society in different directions and levels. Depression, anxiety, stress and sleep disorders are among the mental problems experienced by healthcare workers during the epidemic. These problems not only affect the mental state and well-being of the employees negatively, but also affect their job satisfaction and quality service delivery. The purpose of this study to examine the mental problems affecting health workers, what factors affecting these problems, and what mental health support approaches can be done for health workers in cases of epidemics. Accordingly, a detailed literature review was made and published studies on the subject were compiled. It is inevitable that health managers will work to strengthen the workers mentally. Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, medical workers, mental problems, anxiety, depression.

International Students’ Mental Health Care in China: A Systematic Review

International students in China are facing difficulties while adapting their Chinese culture, and their life is influenced by the widespread of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and caring for their mental health is currently challenging. As a result, our aim is to explore the current mental health care of this minority in China and to provide useful suggestions for future research and institutes. We used the systematic review method, and it was conducted on 11 existing pieces of literature. Our results confirm the unsatisfying psychological situation of international students and the lack of research in this area. We focus on the causes and symptoms of mental problems and explore the effectiveness of methods.

PELATIHAN KADER DALAM MELAKUKAN KONSELING SEDERHANA SEBAGAI DUKUNGAN SOSIAL UNTUK MENGELOLA POJOK CURHAT

The elderly experience various conditions of decline both physically and psychologically, especially in the current Covid-19 condition, the elderly are isolated from the social environment. To assist the task of cadres to monitor the condition of the elderly, a counseling media is needed to help connect the elderly with their cadres. The purpose of implementing this community partnership program is to increase the knowledge of cadres about the physical and psychological health of the elderly during the pandemic and the ability of cadres to conduct simple counseling to the elderly. This program helps the elderly to prevent the deterioration of their physical and mental health conditions. The method of implementation is by socializing what kind of support health cadres should provide to the elderly, how to recognize the characteristics of the elderly who are mentally healthy and who are at risk of mental problems, and how cadres do simple counseling. The results of the training, cadres experienced a significant increase in knowledge with the highest emotional ability increased by 4.8 points (p-value = 0.001) followed by the ability to provide information 3.9 points (p-value = 0.001), the instrument ability increased by 2.2 points (p-value=0.001) and the award increased by 1.5 points (p-value=0.001). Meanwhile, the ability to do simple counseling increased by 4 points with a p-value of 0.001. Increasing the ability of cadres to conduct counseling is beneficial for the health of the elderly in the future.Lansia mengalami berbagai kondisi penurunan baik fisik maupun psikis, apalagi pada condisi covid-19 saat ini, lansia menjadi terisolasi dari lingkungan sosial. Untuk membantu tugas para kader memantau kondisi lansia, dibutuhkan suatu media konseling membantu menghubungkan lansia dengan kadernya. Tujuan pelaksanaan program kemitraan masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan kader tentang kesehatan fisik dan psikologis lansia di masa pandemik dan kemampuan kader melakukan konseling sederhana kepada lansia. Program ini membantu lansia mencegah memburuknya kondisi fisik serta kesehatan jiwa lansia. Metode pelaksanaan adalah dengan sosialisasi tentang apa saja dukungan yang harus diberikan kader kesehatan kepada lansia, bagaimana mengenal ciri-ciri lansia dengan sehat jiwa dan yang berisiko terjadinya masalah kejiwaan, serta cara kader melakukan konseling sederhana. Hasil pelatihan, kader mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan secara signifikant dengan kemampuan emosional paling tinggi naik sebesar 4,8 poin (p-value=0,001) dikuti dengan kemampuan memberikan informasi 3,9 poin (p-value=0,001), kemampuan instrumen naik 2,2 poin (p-value=0,001) dan penghargaan naik 1,5 poin (p-value=0,001). Kemampuan melakukan konseling sederhana naik 4 poin dengan p-value 0,001. Meningkatnya kemampuan kader melakukan konseling bermanfaat bagi kesehatan lansia di masa yang akan datang.