Effectively Improve the Astaxanthin Production by Combined Additives Regulating Different Metabolic Nodes in Phaffia rhodozyma

Astaxanthin is an important natural resource that is widely found in marine environments. Metabolic regulation is an effective method for improving astaxanthin production in Phaffia rhodozyma. Most studies have focused on single regulators, which have limited effects. In this study, 16 metabolic regulators were screened to improve astaxanthin production in high-yield and wild-type strains. Fluconazol and glutamic acid increased astaxanthin volumetric yield in MVP14 by 25.8 and 30.9%, respectively, while ethanol increased astaxanthin volumetric yield in DSM626, 29.3%. Furthermore, six additives that inhibit the competing pathways and promote the main pathway for astaxanthin synthesis were selected for combination treatment. We found that the optimal combination was penicillin, ethanol, triclosan, and fluconazol, which increased astaxanthin cell yield by 51%. Therefore, we suggest that simultaneously promoting the master pathways (mevalonate) and inhibiting competing pathways (fatty acid synthesis and ergosterol) is the best strategy to improve astaxanthin cell yield. Moreover, regulators of the biomass pathway should be avoided to improve cell yield. This study provides a technical basis for the utilisation of astaxanthin in P. rhodozyma.

Use of Protein Content, Amylose Content, and RVA Parameters to Evaluate the Taste Quality of Rice

Taste quality of rice is the key to its value. However, it is greatly affected by rice types and the environment. It is a complex but necessary factor to accurately evaluate the taste quality of various types of rice in different environments. In this study, 7 different types of rice with different taste values were used as materials, and 12 nitrogen fertilizer treatments were applied to obtain 84 different rice taste values. We used protein content, amylose content, and RVA to evaluate changes in the taste value of rice. Rice with high taste value tended to have higher amylose content, peak viscosity, hold viscosity, final viscosity, and breakdown, as well as lower protein content, pasting temperature, and peak time. Protein and amylose contents affected the taste value of rice by affecting the RVA profiles except for setback. For high and low taste-value rice types, protein content could explain 66.8 and 42.9% of the variation in taste value, respectively. In the case of medium taste-value type, protein content was not enough to evaluate the taste quality of rice. Stickiness could explain 59.6% of the variation in taste value. When the protein content of rice was less than 6.61% or greater than 9.34%, it could be used to reflect the taste quality of rice. When the protein content was in between the two, protein content was not enough to reflect the taste quality of rice. Our results suggested that protein content could better reflect the taste quality change for rice, which provided a theoretical and technical basis for the accurate evaluation of the taste value of various types of rice.

e-HRM in a Cloud Environment

As the digitization of HR processes in companies continues to increase, at the same time, the underlying technical basis is also developing at a rapid pace. Electronic human resources (e-HRM) solutions are used to map a variety of HR processes. However, the introduction of such systems has various consequences, which are not only technical but also imply organizational and functional changes within the organization. Additionally, the cloud environment contributes to enhancing e-HRM capabilities and introduces new factors in its adoption. A systematic review of the available literature on the different dimensions of electronic resources management was conducted to assess the current state of research in this field. This review includes topics such as the evolution of e-HRM, its practical application, use of technology, implementation as well as HR analytics. By identifying and reviewing articles under e-HRM, IT technology, and HR journals, it was possible to identify relevant controversial themes and gaps as well as limitations.

According to Stalinist Templates: The Economic Strategy of Communist Construction in the Program Settings of the Khrushchev Leadership

The article is timed to the 60th anniversary of the XXII CPSU Congress, which has become an important milestone in the history of the late Soviet period. The 3rd programme of the CPSU was adopted on the Congress, which proclaimed that "the current generation of Soviet people will live under communism." The strategy for achieving this goal was justified as well. This article is devoted to the analysis of its economic aspects. The paper has four sections. In the first, the authors substantiate the need to identify the doctrinal continuity of the economic policy of late Stalinism and the time of Khrushchev’s “Thaw”. In the second section of the article, the authors note that traditional methodological approaches have many limitations in studies of this kind. Their non-critical use makes it difficult to find a response to the question of why the Khrushchev leadership failed to realise its ambitious plans. The authors see the solution of this issue in a comprehensive comparative analysis of the promotional ideologemes and practical policy. The main section outlines the results of the study. They are based on a detailed comparison of the main directions of creating a “material and technical basis” of communism contained in the Stalinist projects of the 3rd party programme and in Khrushchev’s version. As underlined, they are determined by a variety of dominant political myths and ideologemes in the public consciousness. At the same time, the practical policy was guided by completely different ideas and interests. In conclusion, it is stipulated that, with all the nuances, the economic “visions” that were reflected in the 3rd party programme were designed in accordance with patterns of the "Communist projections", formulated in Stalin’s epoch. They promised to build a society of universal benefits in the foreseeable future. However, in practice, the development of the economy, as before, was primarily focused on the expansion of military-industrial might. All other needs could be satisfied only in accordance with the "residual principle." This turned into a gap between the declarations of "steady increase of material well-being" of the population and reality. As a result, the strategy of the “communist construction” was discredited, and the authority of those in power was undermined.

Competencies for Agricultural Advisors in Innovation Support

The expectation that agricultural advisors will facilitate Interactive Innovation is accompanied by novel expectations for their competency profile. In addition to their traditional technical basis, advisors are now expected to organise multi-actor processes, facilitate learning, mediate conflict, etc. Innovation support services are inherently diverse. To date, no precise list of competencies required by agricultural advisors to support Interactive Innovation has been defined. To form the basis for a competency profile, we examine the competencies currently being expected from an agricultural advisor. This suggested profile, developed in the context of the H2020 i2connect project, is based on a literature review, semi-structured interviews with co-creation experts, and an online validation workshop. We explore five themes: (a) basic disposition and attitude, (b) content competence, (c) methodological competence, (d) organisational competence, and (e) reflection, learning, and personal development. In practice, the profile can be used as either a tool for setting up co-creation processes or as the foundation for the development of new training materials. We conclude with a recommendation to create teams of advisors rather than relying on individuals, as a team is more likely to comprise the diversity of required competencies.

An Enhanced Ensemble Approach for Non-Intrusive Energy Use Monitoring Based on Multidimensional Heterogeneity

Acting as a virtual sensor network for household appliance energy use monitoring, non-intrusive load monitoring is emerging as the technical basis for refined electricity analysis as well as home energy management. Aiming for robust and reliable monitoring, the ensemble approach has been expected in load disaggregation, but the obstacles of design difficulty and computational inefficiency still exist. To address this, an ensemble design integrated with multi-heterogeneity is proposed for non-intrusive energy use disaggregation in this paper. Firstly, the idea of utilizing a heterogeneous design is presented, and the corresponding ensemble framework for load disaggregation is established. Then, a sparse coding model is allocated for individual classifiers, and the combined classifier is diversified by introducing different distance and similarity measures without consideration of sparsity, forming mutually heterogeneous classifiers. Lastly, a multiple-evaluations-based decision process is fine-tuned following the interactions of multi-heterogeneous committees, and finally deployed as the decision maker. Through verifications on both a low-voltage network simulator and a field measurement dataset, the proposed approach is demonstrated to be effective in enhancing load disaggregation performance robustly. By appropriately introducing the heterogeneous design into the ensemble approach, load monitoring improvements are observed with reduced computational burden, which stimulates research enthusiasm in investigating valid ensemble strategies for practical non-intrusive load monitoring implementations.

Optimal Design and Analysis of Intelligent Vehicle Suspension System Based on ADAMS and Artificial Intelligence Algorithms

A complete suspension model is established, and the suspension system is simulated and optimized. The method of suspension system establishment and simulation is explained in detail, and the influence of suspension parameter changes on vehicle handling and stability is analyzed in detail. The dynamic simulation analysis of wheel parallel runout test was carried out on the system, and the suspension system was optimized by artificial intelligence algorithm. The research results provide a technical basis for the design of automobile suspension.

Effects on Growth and Metabolism of Difference between Day and Night Temperatures (DIF) and Supplementation with Rare Earth Elements (REE) in Micropropagated Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxb.) C. E. Fischer

Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxb.) C. E. Fischer is an ornamental plant with certain medicinal values from the Orchidaceae family. Currently, micropropagation is the main means through which it is propagated. In this research, the effects of different daytime and nighttime temperatures (DIF) and medium supplementation with rare earth elements (REE) on the growth and metabolism of D. aphyllum during a micropropagation period were investigated. Three kinds of REE nitrates, La(NO₃)₃, Ce(NO₃)₃ and Nd(NO₃)₃, at four concentrations, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM, were added to the culture medium. Three DIFs, 0, 6 and 12 °C, with an identical mean daily temperature of 20 °C, were used with photoperiod/dark period temperatures of 20/20 °C, 23/17 °C and 26/14 °C, respectively. After four weeks of culture, both supplemental REE and DIF treatments promoted growth of the plant compared with the control group. With increased REE concentration and DIF, the growth of the plants was suppressed and symptoms of stress response occurred. At the same concentration, Ce(NO₃)₃ had a more significant promotional effect on plant growth. In general, the medium supplemented with 100 μM Ce(NO₃)₃ combined with a 6 °C DIF was the most optimal for the vegetative growth of the plant. A 12 °C DIF promoted synthesis of more primary metabolites such as total proteins and polysaccharides. From the perspective of improving the medicinal values of this plant, increasing the DIF for an optimal growth environment is a valuable reference. This study can provide a technical basis for the propagation and production of Dendrobium aphyllum in the future.