Fast flow algorithm prioritizing the most time-consuming source point by using a multi-source evacuation model

In many public spaces (e.g. colleges and shopping malls), people are frequently distributed discretely, and thus, single-source evacuation, which means there’s only one point of origin, is not always a feasible solution. Hence, this paper discusses a multi-source evacuation model and algorithm, which are intended to evacuate all the people that are trapped within the minimum possible time. This study presents a fast flow algorithm to prioritize the most time-consuming source point under the constraint of route and exit capacity to reduce the evacuation time. This fast flow algorithm overcomes the deficiencies in the existing global optimization fast flow algorithm and capacity constrained route planner (CCRP) algorithm. For the fast flow algorithm, the first step is to determine the optimal solution to single-source evacuation and use the evacuation time of the most time-consuming source and exit gate set as the initial solution. The second step is to determine a multi-source evacuation solution by updating the lower limit of the current evacuation time and the exit gate set continually. The final step is to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the algorithm through comparison.

Review of Agricultural Products Marketing Activities and Services

Marketing is the performance of all physical activities, transactions and facilities, as a result of which the agricultural product is moved from the main place of production (farm), all kinds of benefits are added to them, and after reaching the last consumer, some of his needs are met. In order for objects and services to move in the marketing channel, they must legally change their ownership, resulting in a change of ownership of the exchange, so that several exchanges take place during marketing until the crop reaches the final consumer. Different activities in the marketing stage make it possible to move the material in the marketing channel. The sum of these activities is studied under the heading of marketing tasks, which are generally divided into three categories, which include exchange, physical and facilitative activities. Doing any of these activities will add value to agricultural products and facilitate the transfer of goods, and the product will be placed in the hands of the end consumer to meet some of his needs. When the product is produced and ready to be marketed for consumption until it reaches the final consumer, actions are taken on these products, which are called agricultural marketing services; Therefore, operations of agricultural products include collection, transfer and distribution of agricultural products that require various services, which include product collection, transportation, packaging, conversion or processing of products, standardization of agricultural products, grading, storage and storage of agricultural products, credit , Accept risks, pricing and advertising. Complete coherence and coordination between activities to reduce costs, normal and fast flow of products and prevent spoilage and deterioration of their quality. All of the above activities are carried out by a marketing system consisting of physical, exchange and facility organizations and institutions; Timely implementation of these activities in order to reach the product to consumers on time, good quality and reasonable price is important. The overall purpose of this issue is to identify the different marketing tasks of agricultural products in order to fully understand the various marketing activities and improve how these tasks are performed so as not to reduce the quality of agricultural products.The present research has been done by review method and using previous studies in order to review the marketing activities and services of agricultural products. In this regard, citation method and study of scientific books, articles and journals have been used to collect information and information. It came to this conclusion by reviewing and studying scientific books and articles related to the subject of marketing activities and services; All marketing activities are carried out through a marketing system consisting of individuals, physical institutions, transactions and facilities with their infrastructure, which is simultaneously responsible for increasing the high value of products and transferring them from producers to consumers to satisfy their maximum demand. Without an active and modern marketing system with telecommunication facilities, transportation, storage, refrigeration, processing, credit, generators can not make good use of production and marketing opportunities.

Rapid Reservoir Modelling: Sketch-Based Geological Modelling with Fast Flow Diagnostics

Rapid Reservoir Modelling (RRM) is a software tool that combines geological operators and a flow diagnostics module with sketch-based interface and modelling technology. The geological operators account for all interactions of stratigraphic surfaces and ensure that the resulting 3D models are stratigraphically valid. The geological operators allow users to sketch in any order, from oldest to youngest, from large to small, or free of any prescribed order, depending on data-driven or concept-driven uncertainty in interpretation. Flow diagnostics assessment of the sketched models enforces the link between geological interpretation and flow behaviour without using time-consuming and computationally expensive workflows. Output of RRM models includes static measures of facies architecture, flow diagnostics and model elements that can be exported to industry-standard software. A deep-water case is presented to show how assessing the impact of different scenarios at a prototyping stage allows users to make informed decisions about subsequent modelling efforts and approaches. Furthermore, RRM provides a valuable method for training or to develop geological interpretation skills, in front of an outcrop or directly on subsurface data.

Konsep Protokol Kesehatan Wisata Edukasi Pada Daya Tarik Wisata Yayasan Tukad Bindu selama masa Pandemi Covid-19

Educational tourism as one of the development sectors of tourism is based on the community's need for educational variations. Educational tourism is suitable to be developed in locations that have limited locations and are in areas with residents. Tukad Bindu, as one of the densely populated areas in Denpasar, has the potential to develop educational tourism. The fast flow of the river becomes an attraction and strength in the tourism development needed by the local community. The learning model and the introduction of caring for nature can be applied to the tourist attraction of Tukad Bindu. In its development, the arrival of Covid-19 also affected the visit to the tourist attraction of Tukad Bindu which was seen in a drastic decrease in domestic tourists for almost 8 months. Strategic steps are needed in adapting the covid-19 virus so that the tourist attraction of Tukad Bindu can still run. This study aims to obtain a standard health protocol that can be done in entering the area of Tukad Bindu tourist attraction using a qualitative descriptive method. The results of the research can be used in application during the Covid-19 pandemic, so that people can still visit the tourist attraction of Tukad Bindu by following the applicable protocol.

Effects of passive storage on modelling hydrological function and isotope dynamics in a karst flow system in southwest China

Representing passive storage in coupled flow-isotope models can facilitate simulation of mixing and retardation effects on tracer transport in many natural systems, such as catchments or rivers. However, the effectiveness of incorporating passive storages in models of complex karst flow systems remains poorly understood. In this study, we developed a coupled flow-isotope model that conceptually represents both “fast” and “slow” flow processes in heterogeneous aquifers to represent hydrological connections between hillslopes and low-lying depression units in cockpit karst landscapes. As this model originally included a varying number of passive storages at different positions of the flow system (e.g. fast/slow flow reservoirs combined with different hillslope/depression units), the model structure and relevant parameters were optimized using a multi-objective optimization algorithm. This was used to match detailed observational data of hydrological processes and isotope concentration in the Chenqi catchment in southwest China. Results show that the optimal structure for a coupled flow-isotope model incorporated only two passive storages in fast flow and slow flow paths of the hillslope unit. Using fewer or greater numbers of passive stores in the model could lead to under- or over-mixing of isotope signatures. This optimized model structure could effectively improve simulation accuracies for outlet discharge and isotope signatures, with > 0.65 of the modified Kling-Gupta efficiency. Additionally, the optimal tracer-aided model yields reasonable parameter values and estimations of hydrological components (e.g. more than 80 % of fast flow in the total discharge). Furthermore, results imply that the solute transport is primarily controlled by advection and hydrodynamic dispersion in steep hillslope unit, which is a remarkable phenomenon in the karst flow system. The study resulted in new insights, more realistic catchment conceptualizations and improved model formulation.

Synergistic Effect of Proteinase Activity by Purification and Identification of Toxic Protease From Nemopilema nomurai

Scyphozoan Nemopilema nomurai envenomation is an unresolved threat to human health in Asian waters. Nemopilema nomurai venom metalloproteinases show important toxicities in skin damage and inflammation, but there is still no purified protein for further studies. In this study, high proteinase activity fractions in tentacle autolysis were isolated by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow, and Superdex 75 chromatography successively. Purification was guided by azocasein hydrolysis activity and SDS-PAGE. The final products were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Four elution peaks purified by Superdex 75 chromatography had multiple protein bands but did not show proteinase activity. These fractions would recover proteinase activity after mixing again. Regulation mechanisms were speculated as binding metalloproteinase regulator or disaggregating metalloproteinase inhibitor by LC-MS/MS analysis. For the first time, a synergistic effect in N. nomurai proteinase activity was found in the purification process.

Exact solutions for steady granular flow in vertical chutes and pipes

Vertical chutes and pipes are a common component of many industrial apparatus used in the transport and processing of powders and grains. Here, a typical arrangement is considered first in which a hopper at the top feeds the chute and a converging outlet at the bottom controls the mass flux. Discrete element method (DEM) simulations reveal that steady uniform flow is only observed for intermediate flow rates, with jamming and unsteady waves dominating slow flows and non-uniform wall detachment in fast flow. Focusing on the steady uniform regimes, a progressive idealisation is carried out by matching with equivalent DEM simulations in periodic cells. These investigations justify a one-dimensional continuum modelling of the problem and provide key test data. Novel exact solutions are derived here for vertical flow using a linear version of the ‘ $\mu(I),\varPhi(I)$ -rheology’, for which the bulk friction $\mu$ and steady solid volume fraction $\varPhi$ depend on the inertial number I. Despite not capturing the full nonlinear complexities, the solutions match important aspects of the DEM flow fields and reveal simple scaling laws linking many quantities of interest. In particular, this study clearly demonstrates a linear relation between the chute width and the size of the shear zones at the walls. This finding contrasts with previous works on purely quasi-static flow, which instead predict a roughly constant shear zone width, a difference which implies that finite-size effects are minimal for the inertial flows studied here.

Shear-margin melting causes stronger transient ice discharge than ice-stream melting according to idealized simulations

Basal ice-shelf melting is the key driver of Antarctica's increasing sea-level contribution. In diminishing the buttressing force of the ice shelves that fringe the ice sheet the melting increases the solid-ice discharge into the ocean. Here we contrast the influence of basal melting in two different ice-shelf regions on the time-dependent response of an idealized, inherently buttressed ice-sheet-shelf system. Carrying out three-dimensional numerical simulations, the basal-melt perturbations are applied close to the grounding line in the ice-shelf's 1) ice-stream region, where the ice shelf is fed by the fastest ice masses that stream through the upstream bed trough and 2) shear margins, where the ice flow is slower. The results show that melting below one or both of the shear margins can cause a decadal to centennial increase in ice discharge that is more than twice as large compared to a similar perturbation in the ice-stream region. We attribute this to the fact that melt-induced ice-shelf thinning in the central grounding-line region is attenuated very effectively by the fast flow of the central ice stream. In contrast, the much slower ice dynamics in the lateral shear margins of the ice shelf facilitate sustained ice-shelf thinning and thereby foster buttressing reduction. Regardless of the melt location, a higher melt concentration toward the grounding line generally goes along with a stronger response. Our results highlight the vulnerability of outlet glaciers to basal melting in stagnant, buttressing-relevant ice-shelf regions, a mechanism that may gain importance under future global warming.

New Possibilities of Determining the Resistance of Cement Composite to Abrasion by Fast Flowing Water

The current view on the determination of the abrasion resistance of a cement composite is mainly focused on the resistance of the composite to the effects of mechanical abrasion. However, many concrete structures are exposed to the abrasive effects of flowing liquids. One of the test procedures simulating this principle of abrasion is based on the creation of a very fast flow of liquids, often including abrasive media. Based on worldwide published research on the given topic, the use of the action of ultrasonic waves in a liquid, leading to the simulation of the cavitation stress of a composite, which is a very dangerous phenomenon, is considered a suitable method for creating the mentioned abrasion effects. The following article discusses new possibilities for simulating and evaluating the abrasive effects of cavitation on cement composites using the action of ultrasonic waves in a liquid. These effects will be monitored on cement pastes, which will be modified with several types of commonly used admixtures. Furthermore, the connection between the effects of the mentioned abrasive action and several physical-mechanical parameters will be monitored.