Securing the Critical National Infrastructure

Critical infrastructure cybersecurity has risen to the forefront of national policy in much of the world. These systems use information and communications technologies (ICTs) to deliver key services and opportunities central to participation in the digital economy. Not only are critical national infrastructures (CNIs) of importance to the health and well-being of citizens, they also contribute to the economic, military, and political functioning of modern societies. Targeting of these systems by cyber actors has become a commonplace concern for both experts and policymakers. This chapter addresses the state of these efforts, and their utility for defining new norms of state interaction that constrain escalation and instability in international security.

Study the $$B^{0}_{(s)}$$ decays into $$\phi $$ and a scalar or vector meson

In the present work, we investigate the decays of $$B^{0}_{(s)} \rightarrow \phi \pi ^{+}\pi ^{-}$$ B ( s ) 0 → ϕ π + π - with the final state interaction based on the chiral unitary approach. In the final state interaction of the $$\pi ^+\pi ^-$$ π + π - with its coupled channels, we study the effects of the $$\eta \eta $$ η η channel in the two-body interaction for the reproduction of the $$f_{0}(980)$$ f 0 ( 980 ) state, where its contribution to the $$f_{0}(980)$$ f 0 ( 980 ) state can be ignored. Our results for the $$\pi ^+\pi ^-$$ π + π - invariant mass distributions of the decay $$B^{0}_{s} \rightarrow \phi \pi ^{+}\pi ^{-}$$ B s 0 → ϕ π + π - describe the experimental data up to 1 GeV well, with the resonance contributions from the $$f_{0}(980)$$ f 0 ( 980 ) and $$\rho $$ ρ . For the predicted invariant mass distributions of the $$B^{0} \rightarrow \phi \pi ^{+}\pi ^{-}$$ B 0 → ϕ π + π - decay, we find that the contributions from the $$f_{0}(500)$$ f 0 ( 500 ) are significant, but not from the $$f_{0}(980)$$ f 0 ( 980 ) state. With some experimental branching ratios to determine the production vertex factors, we make predictions for the branching ratios of the other decay channels, including the vector mesons, in the $$B^0_{(s)}$$ B ( s ) 0 decays, some of which are consistent with the experimental measurements within the uncertainties.

Making People Matter: Moving Toward a Humanity-Based Public Administration

In this article, I demonstrate how a humanity-driven approach to Public Administration (PA) can be used to resolve macro-level value conflicts. I define a humanity-driven approach to PA as one that prioritizes human emotion, lived-experience, perceptions, and acceptance at all stages of governing. I then present three value conflicts in PA, and apply a humanity-driven approach to reclassify conflicts into value hierarchies that provide a roadmap for conducting future research and theory development. The work builds on existing research prioritizing social equity, lived experience, and the resident-state interaction in the application of the administrative state.