MAQASID SYARIAH MENURUT IMAM AL-GHAZALI DAN APLIKASINYA DALAM PENYUSUNAN UNDANG-UNDANG ISLAM DI INDONESIA

Undoubtedly, Imam al-Ghazali is the founder of the Maqasid Sharia knowledge framework. This is marked by the work of Imam al-Ghazali in the 5th century entitled "al-Mustasfa min ‘Ilm al-Usul" and "al-Mankhul min Ta’liqat al-Usul". Therefore, this study aims to determine the theory of Maqasid Sharia according to Imam Al Ghazali and its application in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) in Indonesia. This study is based on a library research which is sourced directly from al-Ghazali’s books; al-Mustasfa and al-Mankhul, as well as the Compilation of Islamic Law manuscript, particularly in marriage chapter. The results of this study indicate that the Maqasid Sharia concept has been applied in several cases in the marriage chapter, such as cases in marriage registration law of taklik talak and pregnancy marriage. The categories of Maqasid Sharia used in the enforcement of these laws are Maqsad ad-Daruriyyah namely Hifz ad- Din (protecting religion), Hifz an-Nafs (protecting soul), Hifz al-Aql (Protecting intellect), Hifz an-Nasl (protecting lineage) and Hifz al-Mal (protecting property) Abstrak Tidak boleh dinafikan bahawa Imam al-Ghazali merupakan pelopor yang melakar kerangka ilmu Maqasid Syariah. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan wujudnya karya Imam al-Ghazali pada abad ke-5 yang berjudul “al-Mustasfa min ‘Ilm al-Usul” dan “al-Mankhul min Ta’liqat al-Usul”. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana teori Maqasid Syariah menurut Imam al-Ghazali dan bagaimana aplikasinya dalam Penyusunan Undang-Undang Islam di Indonesia. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kepustakaan (library research) yang bersumber langsung daripada kitab al-Mustasfa dan al-Mankhul karya Imam al-Ghazali serta naskah Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) dalam bab perkahwinan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa konsep Maqasid Syariah telah diterapkan pada beberapa perkara pada bab perkahwinan, seperti dalam perkara hukum berkaitan pendaftaran perkahwinan dan hukum taklik talak. Adapun jenis Maqasid Syariah yang digunakan dalam penentuan hukum-hukum tersebut ialah Maqsad ad-Daruriyyah dengan menjaga harta (hifz al-mal), menjaga nyawa (hifz an-nafsi), dan menjaga keturunan (hifz an-nasl).

The INTERREG Italy-Croatia Joint_SECAP Project: A Collaborative Approach for Adaptation Planning

With regard to the scientific debate which highlights the potential of joint climate planning, there are few concrete experiences in Europe where this approach has been applied. This contribution focuses on critical methodological and application aspects of the processes underlying the development of Joint Plans for Sustainable Energy and Climate in the supra-municipal area as emerged from the direct participation of the authors in the Joint_SECAP project funded by the Interreg Italia-Croatia programme. This paper presents a comparative analysis of nine case studies in Italy and Croatia with a focus on fundamental aspects of the planning process: the governance model, shared knowledge framework, risk and vulnerability assessment, and participatory process. The analysis and comparison of the Joint_SECAP experiences confirm that joint climate planning, developed in the framework of the European Covenant of Mayors (CoM) initiative, is effective for creating synergy between local authorities and for defining and implementing strategies and actions for adaptation to the territorial scale. Finally, the research indicates some recommendations to overcome the barriers that impede the spread and effectiveness of this approach to climate planning. In particular, it highlights the need to enhance collaboration between local authorities, regions, and CoM coordinators.

Positive Energy Districts and Energy Efficiency in Buildings: An Innovative Technical Communication Sheet to Facilitate Policy Officers’ Understanding to Enable Technologies and Procedure

The Horizon 2020 framework programme is defining funding strategies for research and innovation projects in European cities and promoting policies and solutions for the transition to a competitive energy system at an urban scale. Given that Horizon Europe, thanks to the Driving Urban Transition Partnership, will fund RD&I projects regarding transitions to urban sustainability; how municipalities will implement different strategies is a relevant key to developing replicable models. We conducted this study on Italian cities through a mapping exercise on selected case studies. The aim was to provide a knowledge framework to municipalities undertaking sustainable urban development actions. We selected case studies based on energy efficiency in buildings, both in retrofits and new constructions. This highlighted how the adoption of multifaceted technological solutions blended well with each other, and led, not only, to satisfy the initial requirements, in terms of expected impacts from the single actions, but also provided relevant and replicable samples. For this, the analysis of solutions tested by different municipalities in the selected projects led to spreadsheets and indicators related to energy efficiency in buildings, which enabled a transition to a PED, which could facilitate an understanding of elements that must be clearly indicated in a preliminary design document (Directive 2014/24/UE).

Review of Knowledge Framework and Conceptual Structure of Islamic Banking

Islamic banking is a multidisciplinary field that integrates banking and fiqh muamalat using mathematical, statistical, computational, and economic models. Islamic banking is dependent on the development of Islamic financial transactions for its growth. Islamic banking applications in are emerging not only as means of enhancing financial results but also as means of enhancing the sustainability and productivity of the economy. This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive systematic bibliometric analysis of Islamic banking literature. It starts by finding 3,285 documents published in the Scopus database from January 1983 to October 2021. This paper, using bibliometric analysis, describes the most significant literature, denotes the related discipline fields, and offers insight into the existing research patterns and possible future trends in Islamic banking. The financial crisis has revolutionised Islamic banking as an interesting alternative to the fragile current banking system. The findings establish a solid grounding for future research in the field of Islamic banking.

A Probabilistic Domain-knowledge Framework for Nosocomial Infection Risk Estimation of Communicable Viral Diseases in Healthcare Personnel: A Case Study for COVID-19

Data collected from multiple sources (e.g., COVID-19 transmission databases, health surveys/questionnaires, U.S. Fig. 3. Response surfaces of<br>

A Probabilistic Domain-knowledge Framework for Nosocomial Infection Risk Estimation of Communicable Viral Diseases in Healthcare Personnel: A Case Study for COVID-19

Data collected from multiple sources (e.g., COVID-19 transmission databases, health surveys/questionnaires, U.S. Fig. 3. Response surfaces of<br>

Learning from Each Other—A Bibliometric Review of Research on Information Disorders

Interest in research connected to information disorders has grown considerably in recent years. The phrase “information disorders” refers to three different notions: dis-, mis-, and malinformation. It is difficult to pin down this new and dynamic phenomenon of informational disruption and to assess its impact on society. Therefore, we conducted a bibliometric analysis on the complexity of information disorders using the Web of Science Core Collection database from 1975 to June 2021. We analyzed 8964 papers with the goal to have an overall picture of the topic, clarify the knowledge framework of research in this field, examine the development dynamics, identify future research directions and increase the understanding of the research on information disorders. The following are our main findings: the number of publications, authors, and journals has increased; research on information disorders has earned considerable attention in multiple academic fields; there are more and more works written in collaboration by scholars from different parts and cultures of the world. This paper makes important contributions to the literature, not only by providing researchers and practitioners with a coherent and perceptible intellectual basis to find answers, but also by bringing valuable insights for further investigation and future research directions.

THE PHILOSOPHICAL EXAMINATION ON INTEGRATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND WAYS FORWARD

The crisis of error and confusion of knowledge in cumulative today is inevitable as it has given birth to the false leaders who are incapable of making correct decision in their scope of responsibilities. Secularism as the poisoning ideology had inflicted chaos to the proper metaphysical realm of God with the subordination of existents in ranks through their corpus of so-called modern knowledge that have been rendered dominantly yet arguably as mainstream intellectualism. The nature of unified and hierarchical knowledge is mistreated and broken into fragmentation because the supreme, first principle of Tawhid as the soul of Islamic thought is suspended in knowledge production of modern science. As an antidote to this issue fast forward after the Islamization of knowledge was introduced, the idea of integration of knowledge was also brought into the picture to resolve the same brand crisis. However, the initiative of integration of knowledge as one of those has been grappling to present its philosophical underpinnings as in tandem with Islamic worldview as the valid solution to the knowledge crisis concerned. Therefore, this conceptual paper is esteemed to examine the philosophical structure of integration of knowledge idea as seen from Islamic mega scheme of knowledge. The data collection method involved in this writing was purely library search with the selection of literature from the advocates of integration of knowledge and some referenced from Islamic epistemology. The facts gathered were analyzed through content analysis technique with the approach of philosophical argumentation. The main findings of this writing were two-folded: i) The presentation of ontological, epistemological, axiological and methodological examination of integration of knowledge idea and its limitations. ii) The proposed integration of knowledge framework as a one of the methodologies of Islamic source in knowledge production and preservation. We contend that the contribution of this writing would further reframe the implementation of integration of knowledge in academic research endeavor in the institution advocating this epistemological idea.

Troublesome Knowledge: Identifying Barriers To Innovate For Breakthroughs In Learning To Teach Online

Embedded within advice for starting simple with online, blended, or technology-enhanced teaching are practices that can be troublesome for some faculty who are learning to teach this way. For example, embedded within the principle of a clear, organized, navigable course can be the concept of chunking content into modules, the skills associated with screen casting and posting a course tour, and the practice of socializing students to the course organization through demonstration, explanation, and reinforcement. This empirical-qualitative study collected 123 cases of troublesome knowledge from 41 participants and analyzed them through Perkins’ troublesome knowledge framework. Results include subcategories and common themes across cases of inert, ritual, conceptually difficult, tacit, and foreign/alien knowledge. From these results, we recommend that faculty development approaches should take specific aspects and cases of troublesome knowledge into consideration for online teaching preparation.