Morphology, microscopic anatomy and bacterial inhibition of extracts of Ludwigia adscendens (L.) H. Hara plants growing in Lang Sen Wetland Reserve, Long An province, Vietnam

The study aimed to supplement data on a plant that was considered a folk medicine of Vietnam. Morphological and microscopic anatomical characteristics of this species which were adapted to the frequently flooded habitat of the reserve was studied and analyzed. Alcoholic extracts of each stem, leaf and root part were recovered using a rotary evaporator. The inhibitory ability on bacterial strains including Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis and Escherichia coli was tested through agar plate diffusion method. The result showed that the stem and leaf extracts were effective against all three bacterial strains, while the root extracts had no effect against E. coli.

The Potency of Ludwigia adscendens and L. octovalvis as Phytoremediator Macrophytes in Indonesia

The potency of Ludwigia adscendens and L. octovalvis as phytoremediator macrophytes in Indonesia was reviewed. The characteristics of these species might be essential information for operators who wanted to implement phytoremediation in their sites. Information and articles about these species in Indonesia was collected through Google-Scholar during the first week of February 2021 and reviewed. Many studies about phytoremediation focused only on the capabilities of macrophytes to remove contaminants from water and paid only little attention to their compatibility with the ecosystem leading to upset the ecosystem. To Indonesia, these two species were introduced and became weeds, with different ecological characteristics. In Indonesia, scarce phytoremediation studies using these species were detected. Therefore, although these species were classified as weeds it was, remained, worthwhile to investigate further these species to be used in the phytoremediation of water.

Efektivitas herbisida bentazone sodium (370 g/L) dan MCPA DMA (62 g/L) dalam mengendalikan gulma pada budidaya padi sawah

Sari. Pengendalian gulma pada budidaya padi sawah perlu dilakukan, karena gulma dapat menyebabkan penurunan hasil padi sawah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan campuran herbisida Bentazone sodium dan MCPA DMA dalam mengendalikan gulma pada budidaya padi sawah. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan November sampai bulan Desember 2017 di Kecamatan Ciparay Kabupaten Bandung. Rancangan percobaan yang dilakukan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tujuh perlakuan dan empat kali ulangan, percobaan yang diuji yaitu: campuran herbisida Bentazone sodium + MCPA DMA dosis 0,75 L/ha; 1 L/ha; 1,25 L/ha; 1,5 L/ha; 1,75 L/ha; penyiangan manual, dan tanpa perlakuan (kontrol). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan campuran herbisida Bentazone Sodium + MCPA DMA 0,75 L/ha efektif mengendalikan gulma Fimbristylis miliaceae, Ludwigia adscendes, Cyperus difformis, dan Leptochloa chinensis dan tidak menimbulkan keracunan pada tanaman padi. Campuran herbisida Bentazone Sodium + MCPA DMA 0,75 L/ha – 1,75 L/ha dapat meningkatkan bobot biji kering padi.Kata Kunci: Bentazone sodium, MCPA DMA, Herbisida Campuran, PadiAbstract. Weed control in rice cultivation must be improved, because weeds can decrease rice yield. The purpose of this experiment was to quantify the effectiveness of herbicide mixture of Bentazone sodium and MCPA DMA in controlling weeds on rice field. The experiment was conducted in Ciparay district, Bandung Regency, from September to Desember 2017. The experiment used experimental method. It used Randomized Block Design (RBD) that consisted of 7 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment was dosage 0,75 L/ha; 1 L/ha; 1,25 L/ha; 1,5 L/ha; and 1,75 L/ha of herbicide mixture Bentazone sodium + MCPA DMA, Manual weeding, and Without treatment (control). Dosage 0,75 L/ha of herbicide mixture of Bentazone sodium + MCPA DMA effectively control weeds Fimbristylis miliaceae, Ludwigia adscendens, Cyperus difformis, and Leptochloa chinensis. Herbicide mixture of Bentazone sodium + MCPA DMA at all tested doses showed that there was no symptoms of herbicide toxication in rice crops. Herbicide mixture of Bentazone sodium + MCPA DMA at dose 0,75 L/ha – 1,75 L/ha improved dry grain weight.Keyword ; Bentazone sodium, MCPA DMA, mixture herbicide, rice

A study on the biomass variation of the macrophytes in Poiroupat Lake, Manipur, northeast India

Biomass assessment of the macrophytic plant species were carried out at Poiroupat lake located in Imphal East district of Manipur. The present study reveals the presence of 30 aquatic macrophytes. The recorded aquatic macrophytes of the lake have been classified into four categories, viz. submerged (10%), rooted with floating leaves (16.7%), free floating (20%) and emergent (53.3%). In all the study sites, Ceratophyllum demersum recorded the maximum total biomass with values ranging from 24.52 (Site I) to 241.45 gm–2 (Site III). This was followed by Alternanthera philoxeroides with values ranging from 25.74 (Site II) to 139.77 gm–2 (Site II). This was successively followed by Utricularia flexuosa (14.12 to 110.45 gm–2), Ludwigia adscendens (14.09 to 89.32 gm–2), Nymphaea stellata (29.66 to 84.32 gm–2), Nelumbo nucifera (15.03 to 67.41 gm–2), Hydrilla verticillata (16.09 to 67.00 gm–2), Hygroryza aristata (30.95 to 62.52 gm–2), Ipomoea aquatica (4.54 to 58.31 gm–2), Nymphoides indicum (4.41 to 47.95 gm–2). Eichhornia crassipes recorded peak value of 26.54 gm–2. During the entire study period, the total biomass of all species (combined) ranged from 130.07 to 512.28 gm–2. The maximum biomass values were recorded during rainy season.

Pengaruh Dosis Herbisida Ethoxysulfuron 15 WG Terhadap Gulma, Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Padi Varietas Ciherang

Weeds in rice fields decrease the quantity and quality of yield. One of the methods used to control weeds is chemical herbicide. The objective of this research was to find out the effective dosages of herbicide Ethoxysulfuron 15 WG on weeds growth as well as growth and yield of rice plants var. Ciherang. This experiment was used Randomized Block Design with seven treatments and four replication. The Ethoxysulfuron doses trated to rice field 6 g/ha, 9 g/ha, 12 g/ha, 15 g/ha and 18 g/ha. The two control treatments were mechanical weeding, and without weeding and herbicide. The experimental result showed that Ethoxusylfuron herbicide with the dosage of 9 g/ha could suppress the growth of weed Ludwigia adscendens, Ludwigia perrenis, Fimbristylis miliacea,other weeds, and total weeds and give a good impact on yield of rice plants.