Melhoria da Qualidade e Produtividade através da Manufatura Enxuta: Uma Revisão da Literatura / Improving Quality and Productivity through Lean Manufacturing: A Literature Review

A necessidade de melhorar processos e aumentar a produtividade em consonância com a redução de desperdícios fez com que diversas corporações procurassem métodos para tornar isso possível. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre o perfil das filosofias de manufatura enxuta aplicadas nas indústrias brasileiras baseando-se em quatro parâmetros: metodologia, foco, princípios e práticas. Assim, realizou-se uma pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica, através de revisão de literatura, avaliando 21 artigos da base de dados do Scholar Google e repartições como SciELO e CAPES. A fim de identificar as publicações pertinentes ao trabalho, foram utilizados pequenos resumos, palavras-chaves e títulos, com restrição ao período da publicação de 2017 a 2021, das seguintes palavras, combinadas ou individuais: Implantação da ME, práticas da ME, manufatura enxuta, sistema Toyota e lean manufacturing.Essa pesquisa sintetizou em apenas um artigo os tópicos triviais avaliados sobre a aplicação da ME, na intenção de que profissionais da área e pesquisadores, selecionem a metodologia que se ajusta à situação de uma determinada empresa ou a que apresenta o melhor panorama dessa aplicação. Conclui-se que a metodologia mais utilizada foi o estudo de caso, o foco está em sua maioria em ambientes administrativos e princípios e práticas mais utilizados estão relacionados a gestão a vista. ---Abstract: The need to improve processes, increase productivity in line with the reduction of waste, has made several corporations investigate methods to make this possible. The objective of this work was to present a literature review on the profile of lean manufacturing philosophies applied in Brazilian companies/industries based on four parameters: methodology, focus, principles, and practices. Thus, bibliographic research was carried out, through a literature review, evaluating 21 articles from the google scholar database. To identify the publications relevant to the work, short abstracts, keywords, and titles were used, with restriction to the publication period from 2017 to 2021, of the following words, combined or individual: ME implementation, ME practices, lean manufacturing, Toyota system and lean manufacturing. This research summarized in just one article, the trivial topics evaluated on the application of ME, with the intention that professionals in the field and researchers select the methodology that fits the situation of a particular company or the one that presents the best overview of this application. It is concluded that the most used methodology was the case study, the focus is mostly on administrative environments and the most used principles and practices are related to sight management.

Untangling adaptive capacity in tourism: A narrative and systematic review

This study examines peer-reviewed literature on adaptive capacity (AC) in tourism under the condition of climate change adaptation for the publication period of 1990–2019. We analyze and visualize existing research using a combined approach of narrative and systematic reviews and employing software such as NVIVO 12, Python 3.8, and Gephi 0.9.2. We first investigate policy transitions toward sustainable adaptation in tourism and then analyze the systematization of tourism reflected in the definitions of AC. Next, we conduct an in-depth analysis of evolutions in tourism adaptation by interpreting the occurrences and interactions of three main streams of AC: resource, social-psychological, socio-ecological. We conclude that diverse methodologies in tourism research on adaptation contribute to augmenting the quantitative measurement of social factors influencing AC. The findings provide insights into how to improve the adaptation process and advance germane theoretical debates, particularly on the role of human factors in human–nature relationships aimed at developing sustainability.

Enforcing L2 Learner Autonomy in Higher Education: The Top 50 Cited Articles

Learner autonomy as both a pre-condition of self-efficacy and higher achievements in learning and an essential learning outcome has been in the highlight in the higher education domain for many years. This review aims to single out the most influential publications (with 10 citations or more) on foreign language and L2 learner autonomy in tertiary education in the highly reputed journals indexed with the Scopus database, with the publication period limited to the last ten years (2011-2020). The key findings show that the top 50 cited articles on learner autonomy broadly cover conceptual development; self-efficacy and motivation within the learner autonomy concept; educational technologies and web-based activities in fostering learner autonomy; country-specific issues of learner autonomy as the prevailing directions of study in the field of learner autonomy.

Reading the Signs: A Brief Portrait of West Sumatra Democracy in the News Headline Discourse

Portraits of the implementation of democracy in a government can be seen from various parameters, one of which is the event report recorded in the daily mass media coverage. This study aims to examine the democratic portraits of West Sumatra province that were presented through the local newspaper Singgalang during the publication period throughout 2016. This study is significant for further investigation because West Sumatra’s Democracy Index for that year was categorized as ―the lowest. This study includes Critical Discourse Analysis, which focuses on examining the aspects of language that reflect the power relations between the government and the people. The analysis results imply that the Singgalang newspaper can present the face of West Sumatra democracy through titles that describe the actual situation and relationship between the government and citizens. This finding is in line with the Central Bureau of Statistics findings, which indicate the poor implementation of democracy in the province of West Sumatra.

Assessment of reporting quality in randomised controlled clinical trial abstracts of dental implantology published from 2014 to 2016

ObjectivesAccess to full texts of randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs) is often limited, so brief summaries of studies play a pivotal role. In 2008, a checklist was provided to ensure the transparency and completeness of abstracts. The aim of this investigation was to estimate adherence to the reporting guidelines of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) criteria for abstracts (CONSORT-A) in RCT publications.Primary endpointAssessment according to the percentage of compliance with the 16 CONSORT-A criteria per study.Materials and methodsThis study is based on a full survey (212 RCT abstracts in dental implantology, PubMed search, publication period 2014–2016, 45 journals, median impact factor: 2.328). In addition to merely documenting ‘adherence’ to criteria, the authors also assessed the ‘complete implementation’ of the requested information where possible. The collection of data was performed independently by two dentists, and a final consensus was reached. The primary endpoint was evaluated by medians and quartiles. Additionally, a Poisson regression was conducted to detect influencing factors.ResultsA median of 50% (Q1–Q3: 44%–63%) was documented for the 16 criteria listed in the CONSORT-A statement. Nine of the 16 criteria were considered in fewer than 50% of the abstracts. ‘Correct implementation’ was achieved for a median of 43% (Q1–Q3: 31%–50%) of the criteria. An additional application of Poisson regression revealed that the number of words used had a locally significant impact on the number of reported CONSORT criteria for abstracts (incidence rate ratio 1.001, 95% CI 1.001 to 1.002).ConclusionTransparent and complete reporting in abstracts appears problematic. A limited word count seems to result in a reduction in necessary information. As current scientific knowledge is often not readily available in the form of publications, abstracts constitute the primary basis for decision making in clinical practice and research. This is why journals should refrain from limiting the number of words too strictly in order to facilitate comprehensive reporting in abstracts.

Therapeutic Application of Melatonin in the Treatment of Melanoma: A Review

Melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer, which is responsible for more deaths than nonmelanoma skin cancers. Therapeutic strategies include targeted therapy, biochemotherapy, immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy, chemotherapy, and surgical resection. Depending on the clinical stage, single or combination therapy may be used to prevent and treat cancer. Due to resistance development during treatment courses, the efficacy of mentioned therapies can be reduced. In addition to resistance, these treatments have serious side effects for melanoma patients. According to available reports, melatonin, a pineal indolamine with a wide spectrum of biological potentials, has anticancer features. Furthermore, melatonin could protect against chemotherapy- and radiation-induced adverse events and can sensitize cancer cells to therapy. The present review discusses the therapeutic application of melatonin in the treatment of melanoma. This review was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases comprising the date of publication period from January 1976 to March 2021.

Association between Stress at Work and Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have been traditionally associated with psychosocial factors; however, occupational stress as a factor related to TMD has not been adequately assessed in the literature. The aim was to investigate the association between stress at work and TMD on adult paid workers. An electronic search included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and LILACS databases. Manual searches in the included articles’ reference and gray literature were performed. There were no restrictions regarding language or publication period. The inclusion criteria comprised observational studies with paid workers of any category, of both sexes, above 18 years old, assessing occupational stress/stress or distress and TMD as diagnosis or isolated signs and symptoms. Methodological quality was evaluated using Joanna Briggs tools. We narratively assessed the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. We collected 12 studies. 50% reported a positive association between stress and TMD diagnostic across various job categories. On the other hand, TMJ sounds (a TMD sign) and work stress were associated only in a musicians’ population. However, the shortage of eligible articles and the methodological limitations provided a very low certainty of the evidence; only 4 of the studies used validated tools for both stress and TMD (2 reporting positive association). The association between stress and TMD is inconclusive by the available data. In the future, we expect more robust epidemiologic studies addressing these relevant aspects.

Focus on the expected quality of reporting in SBRT/radiosurgery prospective studies: how far have we come in 30 years?

Objectives: We aimed at describing and assessing the quality of reporting in all published prospective trials about radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Methods: The Medline database was searched for. The reporting of study design, patients’ and radiotherapy characteristics, previous and concurrent cancer treatments, acute and late toxicities and assessment of quality of life were collected. Results: 114 articles – published between 1989 and 2019 - were analysed. 21 trials were randomised (18.4%). Randomisation information was unavailable in 59.6% of the publications. Data about randomisation, ITT analysis and whether the study was multicentre or not, had been significantly less reported during the 2010–2019 publication period than before (respectively 29.4% vs 57.4% (p < 0.001), 20.6% vs 57.4% (p < 0.001), 48.5% vs 68.1% (p < 0.001). 89.5% of the articles reported the number of included patients. Information about radiation total dose was available in 86% of cases and dose per fraction in 78.1%. Regarding the method of dose prescription, the prescription isodose was the most reported information (58.8%). The reporting of radiotherapy characteristics did not improve during the 2010 s-2019s. Acute and late high-grade toxicity was reported in 37.7 and 30.7%, respectively. Their reporting decreased in recent period, especially for all-grade late toxicities (p = 0.044). Conclusion: It seems necessary to meet stricter specifications to improve the quality of reporting. Advances in knowledge: Our work results in one of the rare analyses of radiosurgery and SBRT publications. Literature must include necessary information to first, ensure treatments can be compared and reproduced and secondly, to permit to decide on new standards of care.

Imaging of Bone Sarcomas and Soft-Tissue Sarcomas

Background In the diagnosis of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas, the continuous advancement of various imaging modalities has improved the detection of small lesions, surgical planning, assessment of chemotherapeutic effects, and, importantly, guidance for surgery or biopsy. Method This review was composed based on a PubMed literature search for the terms “bone sarcoma,” “bone cancer” and “soft tissue sarcoma,” “imaging,” “magnetic resonance imaging”, “computed tomography”, “ultrasound”, “radiography”, and “radiomics” covering the publication period 2005–2020. Results and Conclusion As discussed in this review, radiography, ultrasound, CT, and MRI all play key roles in the imaging evaluation of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas. In daily practice, advanced MRI techniques complement standard MRI but remain underused, as they are considered time-consuming, technically challenging, and not reliable enough to replace biopsy and histology. PET/MRI and radiomics have shown promise regarding the imaging of sarcomas in the future. Key Points: Citation Format

ANALISIS SITIRAN PADA ARTIKEL MEDIA PUSTAKAWAN PERIODE 2017 - 2019

Penelitian dilakukan terhadap referensi yang digunakan dalam artikel jurnal Media Pustakawan periode 2017–2019 dengan menggunakan metode bibliometrik. Sumber data diperoleh dari artikel yang diunduh dari https://ejournal.perpusnas.go.id/ untuk tahun publikasi 2017-2019. Referensi yang digunakan dalam daftar pustaka setiap artikel dicatat menurut jenis dokumen, asal terbitan yang dibedakan antara dalam negeri dan luar negeri, serta tahun terbit. Data yang diperolehdibuat dalam bentuk tabel untuk selanjutnya dilakukan analisis dan pembahasan. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa referensi dari luar negeri dan dalam negeri berjumlah 1.438 judul terdiri atas:buku sebanyak 681 judul (47,36%), jurnal sebanyak 312 judul (21,69%), situs web sebanyak 311 judul (21,63%), tesis/disertasi sebanyak 22 judul (1,53%), prosiding sebanyak 37 judul (2,57%), laporan penelitian sebanyak 7 judul (0,48%) dan surat kabar sebanyak 3 judul (0,20%). Berdasarkan tahun terbit diketahui bahwa periode 2014-2016 berada di urutan pertama yaitu sebanyak 312 judul (21,69%), kemudian urutan ke dua adalah periode 2011-2013 dengan jumlah 256 judul (17,80%) dan urutan ke tiga dengan rentang tahun 2017-2019 yaitu sebanyak 214 judul (14,88%). Adapun referensi dengan rentang tahun 1999-2001 merupakan referensi paling sedikit digunakan yaitu sebanyak 73 judul (5,07%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa referensi baik dari dalam negeri maupun luar negeri terbanyak digunakan adalah buku, dan paling sedikit digunakan adalah referensi yang berasal dari surat kabar. Sumber informasi dalam negeri lebih banyak digunakan dibandingkan sumber informasi luar negeri. Tahun terbit paling banyak digunakan adalah tahun 2014 -2016, dan yang paling sedikit digunakan adalah periode 1999-2011. Hal ini sudah sesuai dengan arahan redaksi Media Pustakawan bahwa tahun referensi dibatasi 10 tahun terakhir. Referensi jenis buku, jurnal, prosiding, dan situs web selalu digunakan dalam setiap tahun terbit, kecuali tesis, surat kabar dan laporan penelitian.Research on references used in Media Pustakawan journal articles of period 2017-2019 was carried out using the bibliometric method. Sources of data were obtained from articles downloaded from https://ejournal.perpusnas.go.id/, during 2017 -2019. The references used in the bibliographyof each article are recorded according to the type of document, the origin of the publication which is distinguished between domestic and abroad, and the year of publication. The data obtained were processed in tabular form for subsequent analysis and discussion. The results showed thatreferences from abroad and within the country totaled 1,438 titles consisting of: 681 books (47.36%), 312 journal articles (21.69%), 311 websites (21.63%), 22 thesis/dissertation (1.53%), 37 proceedings (2.57%), 7 research reports (0.48%) and 3 newspapers (0.20%). Based on the publication years, it was is known that the 2014-2016 publication period of journals occupy the top order with 312 titles(21.69%), the second is the 2011-2013 period with 256 titles (17.80%) and the third is the period of 2017 -2019 were 214 titles (14.88%). The references in the range of 1999-2001 were the publication of the least, as many as 73 titles (5.07%). Based on the results and discussion it can be concludedthat the references both from domestic and abroad are mostly used books, and the least used are references originating from newspapers. Domestic information sources are more widely used than foreign information sources. The most widely used publication year is 2014-2016, and the least used is the period of 1999 - 2011. This is in accordance with the Media Pustakawan editorial directives that the reference years is limited to the last 10 years. Reference types of books, journals,