Construction of E-pH diagram and experimental study on wet synthesis of FePO4 as the precursor of cathode materials

The preparation of FePO4 as a precursor by co-precipitation method is widely used, Due to the lack of the guidance of thermodynamic theory, The prepared FePO4 often contains impurity phase, which leads to unsatisfactory performance of LiFeO4. The E-pH diagram of Fe-P-H2O system at the temperature of 25℃ were drawn through the basic E-pH principle with a number of thermodynamic data. According to the E-pH Diagram, the pH value is approximately 2.5, and the FePO4 with less impurity can be prepared by adding proper oxidant. Base on the above mentioned condition, a simple verification experiment was carried out. The results showed that the prepared iron FePO4 had fewer impurities, which provided a theoretical basis for preparing high-performance LiFeO4.

Characterization of the Physical, Chemical, and Adsorption Properties of Coal-Fly-Ash–Hydroxyapatite Composites

(1) Hydroxyapatite (Hap), which can be obtained by several methods, is known to be a good adsorbent. Coal fly ash (CFA) is a commonly reused byproduct also used in environmental applications as an adsorbent. We sought to answer the following question: Can CFA be included in the method of Hap wet synthesis to produce a composite capable of adsorbing both heavy metals and dyes? (2) High calcium lignite CFA from the thermal power plant in Bełchatów (Poland) was used as the base to prepare CFA–Hap composites. Four types designated CFA–Hap1–4 were synthesized via the wet method of in situ precipitation. The synthesis conditions differed in terms of the calcium reactants used, pH, and temperature. We also investigated the equilibrium adsorption of Cu(II) and rhodamine B (RB) on CFA–Hap1–4. The data were fitted using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich–Peterson models and validated using R2 and χ2/DoF. Surface changes in CFA–Hap2 following Cu(II) and RB adsorption were assessed using SEM, SE, and FT-IR analysis. (3) The obtained composites contained hydroxyapatite (Ca/P 1.67) and aluminosilicates. The mode of Cu(II) and RB adsorption could be explained by the Redlich–Peterson model. The CFA–Hap2 obtained using CFA, Ca(NO3)2, and (NH4)2HPO4 at RT and pH 11 exhibited the highest maximal adsorption capacity: 73.6 mg Cu/g and 87.0 mg RB/g. (4) The clear advantage of chemisorption over physisorption was indicated by the Cu(II)–CFA–Hap system. The RB molecules present in the form of uncharged lactone were favorably adsorbed even on strongly deprotonated CFA–Hap surfaces.

Inducing Open-shell Character in Porphyrins through Surface-assisted Phenalenyl π−Extension

Herein, we present a simple and straightforward method for the synthesis of phenalenyl-fused Pors (Por A0, PorA2 and PorA4) through readily available molecular precursors. While PorA0 was prepared by “wet” synthesis, the two- and four-fold phenalenyl-fused Por derivatives PorA2 and PorA4 were fabricated through a surface-assisted cyclodehydrogenation reaction from meso-2,6-dimethylphenyl(dmp) substituted precursors Por(dmp)2 and Por(dmp)4, respectively. In a systemat-ic way, we examined the structural and electronic properties of three surface-supported Pors.<br>

Inducing Open-shell Character in Porphyrins through Surface-assisted Phenalenyl π−Extension

Herein, we present a simple and straightforward method for the synthesis of phenalenyl-fused Pors (Por A0, PorA2 and PorA4) through readily available molecular precursors. While PorA0 was prepared by “wet” synthesis, the two- and four-fold phenalenyl-fused Por derivatives PorA2 and PorA4 were fabricated through a surface-assisted cyclodehydrogenation reaction from meso-2,6-dimethylphenyl(dmp) substituted precursors Por(dmp)2 and Por(dmp)4, respectively. In a systemat-ic way, we examined the structural and electronic properties of three surface-supported Pors.<br>

Wet Synthesis of Elongated Hexagonal ZnO Microstructures for Applications as Photo-Piezoelectric Catalysts

It is well known that energetic demand and environmental pollution are strictly connected; the side products of vehicle and industrial exhausts are considered extremely dangerous for both human and environmental health. In the last years, the possibility to simultaneously photo-degrade water dissolved pollutants by means of ZnO nanostructures and to use their piezoelectric features to enhance the photo-degradation process has been investigated. In the present contribution, an easy and low-cost wet approach to synthetize hexagonal elongated ZnO microstructures in the wurtzite phase was developed. ZnO performances as photo-catalysts, under UV-light irradiation, were confirmed on water dissolved methylene blue dye. Piezoelectric responses of the synthetized ZnO microstructures were evaluated, as well, by depositing them into films onto flexible substrates, and a home-made layout was developed, in order to stimulate the ZnO microstructures deposited on solid supports by means of mechanical stress and UV photons, simultaneously. A relevant increment of the photo-degradation efficiency was observed when the piezopotential was applied, proposing the present approach as a completely eco-friendly tool, able to use renewable energy sources to degrade water solved pollutants.