Effect of the Biodegradable Compounds Composition with Monoglycerides on Mechanical Properties

The purpose of this work is to improve the production technology of biodegradable hybrid compositions based on low-density polyethylene with thermoplastic starch and new plasticizer–distilled monoglyceride and determination of the composition effect on mechanical properties. Starch was plasticized with a mixture of glycerol and distilled monoglycerides, instead of the known sorbitol. This article describes methods for producing biodegradable hybrid composite films based on polyethylene and thermoplastic starches (corn, pea and rice) with a mass ratio of components, respectively, 40:60÷60:40 and their mechanical properties. Properties and structure of composite films are studied using test methods, rheological parameters, optical microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The advantages of using monoglycerides as a plasticizer in thermoplastic starch/ polyethylene compositions have been demonstrated. Composites obtained using distilled monoglycerides and thermoplastic corn, pea and rice starch have been characterized by 62-81% higher values of critical stress and 62-93% elongation at rupture, compared with BHC containing sorbitol. The thickness of biodegradable hybrid composite films with monoglycerides is 55-86% less than that of films containing sorbitol in composition of thermoplastic starch. Higher elongation values at rupture and lower film thickness will ensure more effective destruction in environment and more cost-efficient use in packaging.

Development of technology for producing biodegradable hybrid composites based on polyethylene, starch, and monoglycerides

Objectives. This work aimed to develop technology to produce biodegradable hybrid composite (BHC) films based on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) 115030-070 and thermoplastic starches (TPS) of various origins (corn, pea, and rice), with distilled monoglycerides as the plasticizer. The properties of the produced BHC films were studied and the optimal native starch : glycerol : monoglycerides ratio is proposed.Methods. TPS and BHC films based on this material were produced from different types of native starches in laboratory extruders (Brabender and MashPlast, Russia), and the extruded melts were subjected to ultrasonic vibrations. The structure and appearance of the BHC films were studied using scanning electron microscopy and rheology. Their biodegradability was assessed by immersing them in biocompost for three months. To evaluate the mechanical performance of the BHC films produced with and without ultrasound, the changes in tensile stress and elongation at break were determined during the biodegradation process.Results. The BHC films had a homogeneous structure, except small agglomerates (non-melted starch grains), which did not reduce their quality. The films with monoglycerides had high tensile strength, which was comparable with low-density polyethylene. After removing samples of the BHC films from the biocompost, their tensile strength decreased by 20%, which shows their biodegradability.Conclusions. The produced biodegradable composite films and the technology used to produce them will be applicable for the packaging industry to reduce environmental impact.

Formulasi Campuran Bahan Pengemulsi untuk Bolu Sponge

To make a sponge cake, a mix of emulsifiers provides an improved aeration. The aim of this research was to formulate the mix of distilled monoglycerides (DMG) and polyglycerol esters (PGE), which had yellowish color, in a gel form for its application in sponge cake. The formula of the gel consists of primary and secondary food additives: 15.3% DMG, 6.5% PGE, 25.8% other emulsifiers and carrier including colorings (ponceau and tartrazine), 26.1% sorbitol, and 26.3% water. DMG and PGE had different colors from their expected standard color, white. The formula of DMG (15.3%) and PGE (6.5%) mix, comprising 21.8% of the formula above, was re-formulated by 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 ratios of DMG to PGE. The physical characteristics of the formula consisting of color characteristic by chromameter, sensory score by R-Index method and gel spreadability were compared to the formula using standard materials of DMG and PGE. The formula was then applied for sponge cake. The specific gravity of sponge cake batter, height of sponge cake after baking, as well as sensory characteristics of crumb structure and crumb color of sponge cake were analyzed. The results of physical characterization of formula revealed that the use of 100% of PGE and the use of DMG up to 50% did not significantly differ from the standard formula. The combination of DMG and PGE formula did not affect batter specific gravity, cake height and crumb structure, but affected color of the crumb.

Study of influence of the surface-active substances concentration on releasing of praziquantel from the rectal suppository

Acne dermatosis (rosacea, perioral dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis etc.) are one of the most actual problem in dermatology. Praziquantel is an antiparasitic medication effective towards trematodes, cestodes. Investigations developed by domestic scientists revealed antidemodicosis activity of praziquantel. Use of semisolid dosage forms for rectal administration will allow to increase its efficacy and minimize the risks of adverse reactions. On the department of technology of medications Zaporizhzhia State Medical University research of development of praziquantel rectal dosage form for therapy of acne dermatosis, complicated with demodicosis, and its technology is carried out. As a result of biopharmaceutical investigations it was determined that combination of excipients – the base (confectionary fat 60%, 10% paraffin, 30% cocoa butter) and surfactant (distilled monoglycerides) provides with the optimal praziquantel releasing. The aim of this work is study of excipient using in manufacturing of suppository (bases and surfactants) influence on the biopharmaceutical characteristics of praziquantel rectal dosage form. Investigation was carried out by the one-factors dispersive analysis with repeated observations By way of a parameter of optimization praziquantel releasing was chosen as the first step of bioavailability investigation. Praziquantel releasing from suppository was studied by the equilibrium dialysis by Kruvchinsky’s method at temperature 37 ± 0,5 °С through a cellophane semipermeable membrane «Kuprofan» film using Franz diffusion cell apparatus. Ethyl alcohol was chosen as a dialysis medium considering the solubility of praziquantel. Concentration of released praziquantel after 30 minutes of the dialysis was determined by spectrophotometric analysis. As a result of biopharmaceutical investigation of praziquantel suppositories it was determined that surface-active substances (distilled monoglycerides) concentration has a statistically significant influence on its releasing from rectal dosage form. It was ascertained that 0,5% concentration of distilled monoglycerides provides with the optimal releasing of praziquantel from rectal suppositories.