Ramifications of elevated temperature on the growth and yield performances of rice varieties incorporated with indigenous organic amendments

A field experiment was conducted at Chandipur of Keraniganj Upazilla in the district of Dhaka, Bangladesh to screen out the studied rice varieties of BR 3, BRRI dhan 28, Local BRRI dhan 29, and BRRI dhan 74 as influenced by the Rice Straw Compost – RSC, Mustard Meal – MM, and Trichocompost – TC (indigenous organic amendments), and elevated soil temperature of 3°C in relation to the growth and yield response of rice. The experiment was conducted using split plot design with elevated temperature in main plots and the different rates of organic amendments in subplots. The rates of organic amendments were 0. 4, 8 t ha-1 for RSC; 0, 3, 6 t ha-1 for MM; and 0, 2.5, 5 t ha-1 for TC. The soil temperature was raised by 3°C from the daily field temperature of 22-25°C. Grain and straw yields, 1000-grain weight, number of filled and fissured grains of rice were significantly (p≤0.05) enhanced with the increased rates of RSC, MM, and TC at elevated temperature of 3°C.The maximum grain (8.86 t ha-1) and straw (8.40 t ha-1) yields were recorded in the treatment RSC4HW26-28 and RSC8HW26-28, respectively in BRRI dhan 29 over control, which endorsed the lowest grain (3.42 t ha-1) and straw (2.68 t ha-1) yields. The RSC treatment was ranked first in order of the growth-yield and yield components (1000 – grain weight and No. of filled and fissured grain) of rice followed by MM and TC treatments. The aforesaid treatments were found to have significantly (p≤0.05) positive aftermath with the elevated soil temperature, regardless of rice varieties. Increased rice production by the elevated soil temperature might be due to the CO2 fertilization, which is a very important climatic issue at present day environment. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(1), 53-64, 2020

Effects of different levels of soil moisture and indigenous organic amendments on the yield of boro rice grown under field condition

A field study was conducted to determine the potentials of moist (70% soil moisture) and saturated (> 100% soil moisture) soil conditions and organic amendments of rice straw compost (RSC), mustard meal (MM) and trichocompost (TC) on the selected rice varieties of BR 3, local BRRI dhan 29 and BRRI dhan 74 in relation to the growth and yield attributes of rice varieties. The rates of amendments were 0, 4, 8 t/ha for RSC; 0, 3, 6 t/ha for MM and 0, 2.5, 5 t/ha for TC. The maximum grain yield of 8.71 t/ha was attained from the RSC4ML100 and 8.58 t/ha from RSC4ML70 treatments. The moist condition of soil had almost similar effects on the number of productive tillers, grain yield, number of filled and fissured grains, 1000-grain weight and harvest index as compared to saturated condition along with the doses of RSC, MM and TC. The RSC (4 t/ha) was the superior treatment with respect to the growth and yield components of rice followed by the treatments of TC (2.5 t/ha) and MM (3 t/ha), irrespective of rice varieties and moisture levels. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(1): 87-96, 2020 (January)

Bioconversion of Oilseeds into Bioproducts for Cultivated Plants Nutrition and Protection

Natural by-products from vegetable oil industries and spent edible oils from domestic or public food spaces should be recycled to obtain new added value products. Present paper proposed a technical solution for complete valorisation of inedible oilseeds or spent edible oils into bioproducts for nutrition and protection of plants cultivated in conservative organic agrosystems. Pressed cakes resulted from mechanical cold extraction of mustard oil contain residual oil and bioactive compounds which were released using an enzymatic cocktail 1:1 cellulase with proteases coupled with azeotropic solvents into a single Soxhlet extractor. From mustard meal, a solid fraction with glycerol derivatives of fatty acids (56.23% oleate and 17.47% linoleate) decanted from syrup (41.78% xylopyranoside and 48.48% trilinolein) and from mustard cake (76.44% linoleate) in the supernatant, the same oligosaccharide (29.64%) and proteinates (30.18%) in the solid fraction. The total extract was simultaneously concentrated and converted into a bioactive potassium salt emulsion able to encapsulate insectofungicidal natural compounds as bioproducts with agronomical applications.

NILAI RETENSI NITROGEN DAN ENERGI METABOLIS BROILER YANG DIBERI RANSUM TEPUNG LIMBAH SAWI PUTIH (Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis)

ABSTRACT THE VALUE OF NITROGEN RETENTION AND METABOLIZABLE ENERGY OF BROILER DIETS WITH MUSTARD MEAL (Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis) This research was conducted to determine the value of nitrogen retention (NR) and nitrogen corrected metabolizable energy value (AMEn) of broiler diets containing waste of mustard meal. Research used 18 MB 202 of broiler chickens 6 weeks of age that consists of 3 days of preliminary and 3 days collecting data. The experimental wasdesigned by a completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of 3 treatments and 6 replications. The treatmentswere: R0 = 100% based diet (BD) + 0% mustard waste meal (MWM), R1 = 90% BD + 10% MWM, and R2 = 80% BD + 20% MWM. Variables were nitrogen retention (NR) and metabolizable energy nitrogen corrected (AMEN) value. Results showed that the NR value was significantly (P <0.05) affected by treatments and the AMEn was highly significant (P <0.01) affected by treatments. HSD test showed thatthe NR value of R1(54,59%) and R2 (41,71%) was significantly decreased compared to control (41,71%).The AMEn value oftreatment R1 (2504.07 Kcal/kg) and R2 (2117.00Kcal/kg) was signicantly decreased compared to R0 (3141.57 Kcal/kg). Based on the NR and AMEn values, it can be concluded that mustard waste could be used up to 10% in dietof broilers Keywords : broiler, metabolizable energy,mustard, nitrogen retention,

Effect of plant and animal protein sources on the growth, gonadal maturity and proximate composition of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of plant and animal sources in the diet of Labeo rohita with an overall goal of gaining sustainable fish and egg production. Fishes with an initial weight of 310-323 g were fed with five different isocaloric (3Kcalg-1) diets viz. D1 ( control diet- 30% rice bran + 70% groundnut meal), D2 (30% rice bran + 50% groundnut meal + 20% fish meal), D3 (30% rice bran + 50% groundnut meal + 20% mustard meal), D4 (30% rice bran + 30% groundnut meal + 20% mustard meal + 20 % fish meal) and D5 (30% rice bran + 30% soybean meal + 20% mustard meal + 20 % fish meal) @ 3% of fish biomass for 270 days. Significantly higher weight gain and better gonadal maturity was recorded in fishes fed with diet containing fish meal than other. Among diets containing fish meal (D2, D4, D5), fish fed on diet D2 resulted in higher somatic growth (35.67, 42.80, 28.10 and 18.48% higher net weight gain than D1, D3, D4 and D5, respectively) and better gonadal development (43.20, 50.08, 22.59 and 23.25% higher absolute fecundity than D1, D3, D4 and D5,respectively) in L. rohita. Hence, Our study revealed that for higher growth and better broodstock development, L. rohita may be fed on diet formulated with 30% rice bran, 50% groundnut meal and 20% fish meal.