A Calculation Method for the Deformation Behavior of Warp-Knitted Fabric

In this paper, a new method to simulate the structure and loop deformation behavior of double-bar reflex-lapping warp-knitted fabrics based on the structural characteristics is proposed. A simplified mass-spring model was built in which loops knitted by filaments were considered as particles with the uniform mass distribution connected by structure springs for overlaps and shear springs for underlaps. Deformation forces and direction on particles were analyzed to describe the displacement and deformation behavior of particles. A loop model with eight control points was established, and the relationship between control points and particles was studied combining the quadratic Bezier curves. The deformation simulation was implemented by a simulator program with C# and JavaScript via web technology on Visual Studio 2015. The stereoscopic sense of filaments was realized by changing the direction and intensity of the light. The results show that the fabric deformation and the loop shape can be accurately achieve using the simplified mass-spring model compared with the real sample.

Smartphone Handwritten Circuits Solver Using Augmented Reality and Capsule Deep Networks for Engineering Education

Resolving circuit diagrams is a regular part of learning for school and university students from engineering backgrounds. Simulating circuits is usually done manually by creating circuit diagrams on circuit tools, which is a time-consuming and tedious process. We propose an innovative method of simulating circuits from hand-drawn diagrams using smartphones through an image recognition system. This method allows students to use their smartphones to capture images instead of creating circuit diagrams before simulation. Our contribution lies in building a circuit recognition system using a deep learning capsule networks algorithm. The developed system receives an image captured by a smartphone that undergoes preprocessing, region proposal, classification, and node detection to get a Netlist and exports it to a circuit simulator program for simulation. We aim to improve engineering education using smartphones by (1) achieving higher accuracy using less training data with capsule networks and (2) developing a comprehensive system that captures hand-drawn circuit diagrams and produces circuit simulation results. We use 400 samples per class and report an accuracy of 96% for stratified 5-fold cross-validation. Through testing, we identify the optimum distance for taking circuit images to be 10 to 20 cm. Our proposed model can identify components of different scales and rotations.

The Development of Cellular Automata-based Entrepreneurial Growth Simulator

Entrepreneurship plays an essential role in the economic growth of a country. These roles include creating jobs, reducing unemployment, increasing people's income, combining production factors (nature, labor, capital, and expertise), and increasing national productivity. For the economy to thrive and healthy, it requires at least 4% of the population who work as entrepreneurs. Due to this vital role, entrepreneurial growth must be maintained. One of the efforts to do this is by monitoring growth directly and continuously. Besides that, another way is to do a simulation. By knowing the condition of entrepreneurship at one time and all the factors that affect entrepreneurial growth, simulations can be carried out to determine or predict future conditions. Based on this simulation, essential steps can be taken, or policies can be made to maintain profitable entrepreneurial growth. This paper presents a mathematical model that can simulate and visualize entrepreneurship's growth in six provinces of Sumatra Island, Indonesia. This mathematical model uses cellular automata as its basis and is called Entrepreneurial Cellular Automata (ECA). One of the advantages of Cellular Automata is that it is easy to visualize. The entrepreneurial model used as a reference is a model from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitoring (GEM). This mathematical model has been implemented in a simulator program. This paper describes the simulator development and the use of simulator to simulate and visualize the entrepreneurial growth of the six provinces.

Kinematic In Situ Self-Calibration of a Backpack-Based Multi-Beam LiDAR System

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) remote sensing technology provides a more efficient means to acquire accurate 3D information from large-scale environments. Among the variety of LiDAR sensors, Multi-Beam LiDAR (MBL) sensors are one of the most extensively applied scanner types for mobile applications. Despite the efficiency of these sensors, their observation accuracy is relatively low for effective use in mobile mapping applications, which require measurements at a higher level of accuracy. In addition, measurement instability of MBL demonstrates that frequent re-calibration is necessary to maintain a high level of accuracy. Therefore, frequent in situ calibration prior to data acquisition is an essential step in order to meet the accuracy-level requirements and to implement these scanners for precise mobile applications. In this study, kinematic in situ self-calibration of a backpack-based MBL system was investigated to develop an accurate backpack-based mobile mapping system. First, simulated datasets were generated for the experiments and tested in a controlled environment to inspect the minimum network configuration for self-calibration. For this purpose, our own-developed simulator program was first utilized to generate simulation datasets with various observation settings, network configurations, test sites, and targets. Afterwards, self-calibration was carried out using the simulation datasets. Second, real datasets were captured in a kinematic situation so as to compare the calibration results with the simulation experiments. The results demonstrate that the kinematic self-calibration of the backpack-based MBL system could improve the point cloud accuracy with Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of planar misclosure up to 81%. Conclusively, in situ self-calibration of the backpack-based MBL system can be performed using on-site datasets, reaching the higher accuracy of point cloud. In addition, this method, by performing automatic calibration using the scan data, has the potential to be adapted to on-line re-calibration.

DAĞITILMIŞ SERİ REAKTÖRLERİN(DSR) GÜÇ SİSTEMLERİNE ETKİLERİ

Distributed Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (DFACTS) devices are devices that are connected in series to the transmission line and even adding reactance. Devices, also referred to as Distributed Serial Reactors (DSR), have the ability correct impedance imbalance by interfering with line parameters in the power system. In addition, voltage balancing as a result of balanced load flow enables more power transmission or more efficient use of the power system's transmission capability. For this reason, the use of the system to control its loadability without expanding its dimensions is becoming more and more widespread. In this study, the effects of DSR devices on system loadability and voltage stability and their applicability are analyzed. The analysis was carried out on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 6-bus Standard system using the Power World Simulator Program. The effects of DSR on the system were investigated by performing load flow.

Simulation capacity building in rural Indian hospitals: a 1-year follow-up qualitative analysis

IntroductionThe benefits of simulation-based medical training are well described. The most effective way to plant and scale simulation training in rural locations remains undescribed. We sought to plant simulation training programmes for anaesthesia emergencies in two rural Indian hospitals.MethodsTwo Indian consultant anaesthetists without experience in medical simulation underwent a 3-day course at the Boston Children’s Hospital’s (BCH) Simulator Program. They returned to their institutions and launched simulation programmes with an airway manikin and mock patient monitor. The 1-year experience was evaluated using individual, in-depth interviews of simulation facilitators. Three staff members (responsible for facilitating medical simulations over the prior year) at two rural hospitals in India were interviewed. None attended the BCH training; instead, they received on-the-job training from the BCH-trained, consultant anaesthetist colleagues.ResultsSuccesses included organisational adoption of simulation training with exercises 1 year after the initial BCH-training, increased interdisciplinary teamwork and improved clinical competency in managing emergencies. Barriers to effective, local implementation of simulation programmes fell into three categories: time required to run simulations, fixed and rigid roles, and variable resources. Thematic improvement requests were for standardised resources to help train simulation facilitators and demonstrate to participants a well-run simulation, in addition to context-sensitive scenarios.ConclusionAn in-person training of simulation facilitators to promote medical simulation programmes in rural hospitals produced ongoing simulation programmes 1 year later. In order to make these programmes sustainable, however, increased investment in developing simulation facilitators is required. In particular, simulation facilitators must be prepared to formally train other simulation facilitators, too.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF FIRE DEVELOPMENT IN A THREE-STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING DURING FULL-SCALE FIRE TESTS

The aim of the work was mathematical modeling of fire development in a three-storey residential building during full-scale fire tests; research of accuracy and reliability of parameters of temperature modes of fire in separate rooms of the building. To achieve this goal, it is advisable to use computational gas-hydrodynamics, which allow to determine the limits of application of this approach to predict the behavior of building structures in a fire. The Pyrosim computer system, which serves as a user shell for the Fire Dynamics Simulator program, was used to calculate the temperature in fire room models. This FDS system uses numerical algorithms to solve the complete system of Navier-Stokes differential equations to determine temperature and other hazards in a fire. To visualize the results of calculations, the software module of the PyroSim Smokeview system was used, which allows to build appropriate graphical representations of temperature distributions.A numerical experiment was performed to model full-scale tests of rooms with fire in a three-story building using computer gas-hydrodynamics methods. The nature of the fire and the time dependences of its main parameters were revealed, which in turn allowed to analyze the adequacy of the simulation results and investigate their adequacy and accuracy.The obtained results of research on the accuracy of modeling of full-scale tests of rooms with fire in a three-story building showed that the error determined when comparing experimental and calculated data was not significant. The relative error did not exceed 28%, and the standard deviation did not exceed 51 ° C. The values of the statistical criteria of Cochren, Student and Fisher for the simulation results due to the difference between the calculated and experimental data have values of no more than 0.98, 0.84 and 1.008, respectively, and do not exceed the tabular values. This means that the simulation results are adequate, which allows you to use this approach to predict the behavior of building structures in a fire that is close to real.

New Approach of Calculation the Steady State Symmetrical Fault Current for Type 4 Wind Power Plants

With the increasing penetration of the distributed generation driven by renewable energy in distribution systems, there is a need to analysis fault currents for the next generation utility and smart grid systems. The steady state fault current contribution from Type 4 wind turbines is not calculated accurately by traditional short circuit analysis techniques. A new formulation for calculating the short circuit current sharing from voltage source converter wind turbines is presented, and taken into consideration the real behaviour of the type 4 WT during three phase short circuit in the electric system. The results are compared with that obtained from the dynamic simulation results using Power World Simulator program, which has the generation of Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) generic model. The percentage difference between the two results is about one percent that verify the effectiveness of the proposed formulation

The effect of driving simulator program on elderly drivers

Background: The purpose of the present study was to present evidence for driving interventions for the elderly by conducting programs that can improve visual perception and cognitive function in a driving simulator for elderly drivers and analyse their effects.Methods: Three elderly subjects who were 65 years or older, did not have physical and cognitive impairments, and were able to drive themselves participated in the present study. A total of 12 intervention sessions, of which subjects participated in 10 sessions of nine different visual perception and cognitive function programs available in a driving simulator, were conducted and pre- and post-program assessments were conducted (two assessments in total). The assessments included the evaluation of visual perception, frontal lobe function, concentration, safe driving behaviour, and self-efficacy.Results: The results showed positive effects of the driving simulator program on the visual perception, frontal lobe function, concentration, safe driving behaviour, and self-efficacy of all subjects. Changes in the simulator results showed remarkable improvement in the response evaluation, judgment evaluation, and predictive power evaluation, but showed difficulties in interference tasks and depth perception in common.Conclusions: The results showed positive effects of driving simulator training on the driving ability of the elderly, and consistent provision of such training is expected to improve the quality of life of the elderly by securing the safety of driving and actively supporting social participation.