Chinese Internet Finance Credit Investigation Issue and Legal Countermeasures

In recent years there has been a phenomenon of “Thirst for Credit Investigation Information” within China's internet finance industry. To compensate for the new credit investigation demands that traditional measures of credit investigation lack, big data credit investigation has been widely recognized as a viable solution. Big data credit investigation however poses greater risks to the rights and interests of the information subject. In order to solve the existing problems associated with the data credit investigation industry, the author advocates that special laws and regulations be revised or formulated on the basis of balancing the rights and interests of the information subject with those of public interests. In the future, the combination of big data credit investigation system with blockchain technology may effectively solve the problems that are harmful to the rights and interests of the information subject, such as information-isolated island and information security.

Social Capital Accounting

Sustainability accounting has become a mainstream practice for a large majority of S&P500 companies, and this reflects global society's increasing interest and concern around sustainability issues. In particular, the United Nations published its “Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,” and 193 countries signed up to achieving the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 associated targets. The UN also called upon companies to help this process across their supply chains and developed a natural capital protocol for assessing and valuing environmental areas and a social capital protocol (SCP) for assessing and valuing human and societal capital such as skills, knowledge, wellbeing, shared values, and institutions. This chapter systematically investigates each of the 12 steps of the social capital protocol and identifies a range of benefits and substantial challenges which companies will face if they wish to account for their social impact across the supply chain.

Analysis of Sustainable Development Path for Green Finance

The development of green finance is a global trend in the current era. At present, developing the green finance has been included as an important national development project by the Chinese government. With the rapid economic growth, the priorities or trade-offs between the economic development and the natural environment have also aroused different contradictions and problems. With the improvement of people's quality of life, they start to pay more attention to the pollution of the surrounding environment. Therefore, the government should properly intervene and propose effective measures, and green finance is an excellent tool to reconcile social economy and environmental protection and transform the physical investment, thus guiding the social resources towards the environmental protection industry and reaching an optimal interests allocation among the market, society, and government. Consequently, in the face of such a situation, it is necessary to propose a series of models and paths that suit the needs of the Chinese society and promote sustainable development.

The Role of Banks in Renewable Energy Finance

In today's world, global warming and environmental problems resulting from fossil waste have directed economies' attention to renewable energy. Renewable energy has become quite important to developing countries, in particular those that depend on foreign energy sources and confront continuously increasing energy demand since they need renewable energy to be able to achieve their goal of sustainable growth and do this without destructing the environment and by reducing their foreign dependency. Higher costs of renewable energy investment when compared to traditional energy investment affect the investment made in this field, though. The fundamental problem in renewable energy investment is how to finance it as it is not economically rational to invest in sectors with high costs. This chapter explores the role of banks in financing renewable energy by focusing on Turkey.

An Empirical Study of Green Finance Research Through Bibliometrics

Green finance issues have triggered the increasing research enthusiasm of researchers. With the rapid growing of publications related to green finance, it is difficult for readers to deeply understand the intellectual structure, research hotspots, and trends. In addition, the dynamic nature of a research front poses challenges for the scientists, research policymakers, and many others to keep up with the rapid advances of the state of the art in science. Therefore, the authors conducted a bibliometric analysis from the Web of Science over the period of 1998–2017. Co-word analysis and co-citation analysis are employed to explore institution distribution, journal co-citation analysis, author co-citation analysis, document co-citation analysis, and keyword co-word analysis, particularly in high frequency items, intellectual turning points, burst points, and emerging trends. The results can be useful for institutions and researchers worldwide to understand the panorama of green finance research, find the potential research gaps, and focus on the future research trends.

The Use of Carbon Finance for Struggling With Climate Change

The developments in science and technology have brought a lot of problems with them. The most important of these is climate change, which appears at the global level. The effect of climate change, which comes first as an environmental problem, cannot be ignored. Management, which has had serious income and economic losses because of weather conditions, has taken several precautions in order to reduce climate change risks. One of these is weather derivations. Weather derivations are a safety type that makes the determined payments if there are defined weather events. However, the most commonly used are weather option agreements, weather swap agreements, and weather future agreements. In the chapter, climate change and the weather derivations that are a means that managements use to avoid climate change risks will be explained.

An Analysis of Green Taxation in Turkey for Sustainable Growth

Ecological problems such as global warming, climate change, and loss of biodiversity are at the top of governments' agendas as negative externalities like fewer water sources, food and energy shortage, drought, desertification, and migration have recently been deeply felt by societies. Environmentally related taxes are one of the most important instruments of fiscal policy used to internalize “negative externalities” to prevent environmental pollution and to ensure sustainable growth. This type of tax represents the ideal principle that “the polluter pays.” Most of the European and OECD countries today have revised their tax systems to stop environmental destruction and have begun to implement environmental taxation. The purpose of this chapter is to carry out an analysis of green taxation in Turkey for sustainable growth. In this regard, this study aims to analyze green taxation practices and regulations within the scope of a sustainable economy in Turkey and offer solutions by considering the practices in various countries with effective green taxation policies.

Green Finance for Sustainable Global Growth

Green buildings have become one of the most famous and fastest growing construction concepts. As the world is becoming environmentally viable, all investors and contractual workers will need to know the figures of green financing and if the dangers of contributing are justified regardless of the arrival sum. This chapter aims to compare green building and conventional building using the cost differences and economy impact to ascertain the benefits of green building over the conventional building of green building. Data was collected through questionnaire survey from 50 construction professionals. The result of this chapter shows that green buildings are more expensive than conventional buildings; however, the benefits accrue from green building makes green building cheaper in the long run.

Analysis of Internet Financial Planning Based on the Development in China and America

Based on an analysis of China residents' financial needs and the main risks of internet financial planning, taking internet financial planning as a breakthrough point, the chapter compares the current situation and development experience of internet finance between developed countries and China from Chinese investors' perspective to analyze the tendency of internet finance development in China. This chapter finds the scale of China residents' financial planning remains to be enlarged. It finds that the gradual improvement of the supervision, the survival of the fittest of financial platform, the development of robot-adviser, and other financial innovations show the optimistic outlook of internet financial planning in China. This study shows theoretical value and practical significance to analyze the future of internet financial planning model and financial product selection in China.

Is Supply Chain Finance the Solution to the Financing Conundrum?

Small and medium-sized enterprises are the major driving forces to boost China's economic growth. However, the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises are always subject to the scale of operation and other factors, which result in severe impediment to obtain loans or other finance service from traditional commercial banks. As the State Council reports, small and medium-sized enterprises' finance troubles were highlighted at the State Council's executive meeting and suggested China should enrich the fundraising channels for small and medium-sized enterprises. Based on the unique finance service features, supply chain finance has the potential of satisfying the large finance demand to become an effective fundraising and other finance service channel for small and medium-sized enterprises. Thus, it is vital to explore the operation process of supply chain finance in a deeper level.