Study of Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentration in KHDTK Forest Peatland Area, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

The study was conducted to determine whether are differences in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in three different types of peatland conditions. The study was conducted from March 1st to April 30, 2020. The research was carried out in the Tumbang Nusa Special Purpose Forest Area (KHDTK). Furthermore, the analysis of DOC samples was carried out at the BALITRA Laboratory, Banjar Baru, South Kalimantan. The analysis of water pH samples was conduct at the UPT. LLG – CIMTROP, UPR Laboratory. The results showed that DOC in degraded peatlands site ranged from 36.18 mg L-1 to 76.86 mg L-1 with an average of 53.1 mg L-1, water pH between 3.6 to 4 with an average of 3.88, and the water table of 26.51 cm. Then in the forest site ranged from 37.12 mg L-1 to 49.81 mg L-1 with an average of 40.95 mg L-1, water pH ranged of 4 to 4.4 with an average of 4.32, and water table -5.13 cm. Furthermore, the re-vegetation site ranged from 29.27 mg L-1 to 34.90 mg L-1 with an average of 30.73 mg L-1, water pH between 4 to 4.3 with an average of 4.18, and water table 36.28 cm. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that there is a difference in DOC in three sites, in the degradation site contributes higher dissolved organic carbon than other sites with an average amount of 53.1 mg L-1, compared to forest site with an average amount of 40.95 mg L-1, and re-vegetation site with an average amount of 30.73 mg L-1. Therefore, sustainable management of peat is expected to minimize the rapid decomposition of organic material in peat.

Effects of Vermicompost and NPK Fertilizer to Growth and Yield of Mustard Plant (Brassica Juncea L) on Tropical Peatlands

This research aims to determine the effect of the application Vermicompost Organic Fertilizer and NPK inorganic fertilizer in different doses to see mustard plants' growth and the yield on the media of inland peat soil. The study was a completely randomized design factorial Completely Randomized Design, consisting of 2 treatment factors and three replications. The first factor is the dose of Vermicompost organic fertilizer (D), which consisting of 3 levels i,e D0 : control ; D1: 100 g/polybag; D2 : 200 g/polybag and the second factor is the dose NPK Fertilizer which consisting of 2 levels M0: control; M1: 1 g/polibag. This research has been conducted on the experimental field department of agriculture cultivation, Faculty of Agriculture, Palangka Raya University, Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan from October until December 2017. The results showed that the interaction of Vermicompost organic fertilizer and NPK fertilizer did not give an effect for plant growth parameters. Doses Vermicompost 100 g / polybag and NPK 1 g / polybag gave the highest results to growth and yield of mustard plants; based on the results of the analysis, the treatment of 1 g NPK / polybag had a very significant effect on the observed parameters such as plant height, number of leaf, root weight, and total plant weight.

Chemical Properties of Charcoal Briquette with Composition Types of Gerunggang (Cratoxylon Arborescens) and Tumih (Combretocarpus Rotundatus) Wood from Tropical Peatlands

Charcoal briquettes can be an alternative energy and can be produced from Gerunggang and Tumih types of wood. These two types of wood are commonly found in Kalampangan Village as pioneer plants on burned peatlands. The research objective was to determine the chemical properties of charcoal briquettes produced from biomass waste from land processing without burning with several compositions of Gerunggang wood and Tumih wood. The chemical properties of charcoal briquettes refer to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 01-6235-2000) and Standard Permen ESDM No. 047 of 2006. The results showed that all composition treatments in the ash content test, fixed carbon content and calorific value met the standards, while the test for volatile content in all treatment compositions did not meet the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 01-6235-2000). The composition of the most potential chemical properties and following the two standards used is the composition of 100% Tumih with ash content of 7.67%, volatile matter content of 27.23%, fixed carbon of 55.00%, and heating value of 5902.18 cal/g.

The Effects of Biochar and Chicken Manure Application on Red Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Rosc.) Growth and Yield of Semi Paludiculture in Tropical Peatlands

The research was conducted to determine the influence of growth and yield of red ginger plants by applying the combination of biochar palm oil and chicken manure in a semi-paludiculture planting system on peatland. The design used in this study is the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4x4 factors and with a three repetitions factor. The first treatment factors are oil palm shell biochar with control treatment, 5 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1 and 15 t ha-1 and the second factor is chicken manure with control treatment, 5 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1 and 15 t ha-1. The research was conducted in Tanjung Taruna Village, Jabiren Raya Sub-district, Pulang Pisau Regency. The research was conducted from December 2018 until April 2019. The results showed that the interaction occurred in both factors, on the plant variable's height and the highest yield from the introduction of chicken manure 10 t ha-1 and the biochar 15 t ha-1. The interaction of biochar palm oil shells on growth and yield of ginger plants only occur in plant variable height and the samplings at 8, 10, and 14 weeks after planting. While the chicken manure has real effect on ginger plants' growth and yield in all observation variables.

Comparison of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Spores Abundance Under Sengon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & Grimes) Planted on Deep Peat and Mineral Soils

Mycorrhizae are known as soil fungi because of their habitat in the rooting area (rhizosphere). Nearly 97% of terrestrial plant species interact or symbiotic with mycorrhizae. Symbiosis is formed in the form of an exchange between nutrients and carbohydrates and helps plants absorb P. elements. In Kalimantan, sengon often used as industrial material because it is fast-growing species and widely cultivated by the community. Sengon is a common species planted in mineral soils; however, due to the rising demand of sengon timber, it has been planted on peatlands. This study aims to compare the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal spores and identify the morphology of arbuscular mycorrhizal spores associated with Sengon planted on peatlands and mineral soils. This study used a wet sieving method and root staining from the modification of Vierherling et al. 1996 and calculation of root mycorrhizal colonization with gridline techniques. The research used the normality test of data distribution and the T test (Independent sample T test) to determine trends and comparison of differences in the abundance of FMA spores. The study results showed a significant difference in the abundance of AMF in the form of colonization by calculating the percentage of AMF colonization in the sengon root in mineral soils and peatlands of 23.56% 41.67%, respectively. The spore density on mineral soils and peatlands were 18.05 / 50gr and 1.09 / 50gr, respectively. Identification results showed that there were four genera found in peat soil locations, namely the genus Glomus, Gigaspora, Scutellospora, and Acaulospora, while in the mineral soil were found three generas namely genus Glomus, Scutellospora, and Acaulospora. Out of the four generas, the most abundant in both soil types was Glomus.