Enterobacter Asburea in Intravenous Infection in Neonatal Born

Introduction: Enterobacter asburiae (E. asburiae) is a facultative anaerobic rarely isolated in neonatal care; the nosocomial infections continue to be a serious problem, associated with increased mortality rates, immediate and long-term morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and increased cost of care, because of resistant of this specie. Objective: it’s un nosocomial infection of blood, that the first time it’s determined in neonatal hospitalization CHU Mohamed VI Marrakech. Observation: We report in this subject a case of a preterm baby had a septicemia secondary to enterobacter asburea it’s the first time this mirogerme founded in CHU, resulting from contaminated intravenous fluid hospitalized in neonatal care unit, in CHU Mohamed VI Marrakech Conclusion: the case reported in this work pushes us to deepen investigations concerning the resistance and the clinical evolution of the affected patients.

Role of Thiamine in Refeeding Syndrome in Children

Purpose, Setting and Subjects: We conducted a case report study of a postoperative pediatric patient on total parenteral nutrition managed by a multidisciplinary team in a tertiary care hospital. In October 2020, data of nutritional status, hypophosphatemia, electrolyte and metabolic imbalance, and the role of thiamine supplement were reviewed. Background: Refeeding Syndrome is usually defined as the possibly lethal maldistribution of fluids and electrolytes that could take place in malnourished patients receiving enteral or parenteral refeeding. This is due to hormonal and metabolic disturbances that may lead to critical clinical deterioration. The biochemical key feature of Refeeding Syndrome is hypophosphatemia. In general, the syndrome is complicated and may also incorporate abnormal electrolytes and fluid balance; changes in serum level of protein, glucose, and the metabolism of fat; thiamine deficiency; hypokalemia; and hypomagnesaemia. Case Report: an ex-preterm 6-year-old boy who underwent major intestinal resection due to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) during his stormy neonatal period, presented to ED with constipation for 2 days; the patient was admitted in the pediatric ward under combined care with Pediatric Surgery, as a case of large bowel obstruction for conservative management. He had cachexic appearance, global developmental delay (GDD), and faltering growth. Subsequently and during his PICU stay, he suffered a fluctuating course of electrolytes imbalance a few days after commencing total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and developed altered mental status that responded well to thiamine infusions to resume his baseline sensorium within 48 hours. Conclusions: The role of thiamine in Refeeding Syndrome is extremely underestimated, despite the current evidence of its high efficacy. However, the fussy exclusion mechanism to reach the diagnosis is probably the reason behind the delaying of treatment in most of the cases. A wide range of patients are at risk of developing Refeeding Syndrome, especially malnourished children, as in this case report. Categories: Nutrition, Surgery, Pediatrics, Gastroenterology.

Prevalence of Vitamin A Deficiency And Associated Factors Among Children Aged 6-59 Months In Dera District, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin. It comes retinol from animal sources or beta-carotene from plant source. Vitamin A contains breast milk after the post-weaning period and their increased nutrient demand of children from 6-59 months, they are considered highly affected segments of the community. Hence, study assesses vitamin A deficiency and associated factors among children aged 6-59 months in Dera district, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: Cross-sectional study design was conducted via multistage sampling techniques. Data were coded and entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 for analysis. The bivariate and multiple variable logistic regression analyses were fitted. Results: Total response rate 94.7%. Prevalence of vitamin A deficiency among children age from 6-59 months was 7.8% (95% CI: 4.7, 11.3). Anti natal care (ANC) follow-up (AOR =0.446:95 % CI; 0.155, 0.980), and birth interval (AOR= 0.392: 95 % CI; 0.107, 0.839), reduces the odds of developing vitamin A deficiency; whereas age group of 36–47 months (AOR= 1.911: 95 % CI; 1.305, 11.969) increases the odds of its deficiency. Conclusion: Age of children, birth interval, ANC follow-up, Post natal care (PNC) follow-up, and place of residence were associated factors for vitamin A deficiency. Therefore more efforts should be encouraged to produce and purchase a variety of foods rich in vitamin A.

Evaluation of Newborn Screening Test for Critical Congenital Heart Disease (Cchd) in a Private Medical Center in Mexico and its Implications for being at 2550 Meters above Sea Level

Pulse oximetry screening test (POT) has been shown to be useful for in early detection of critical congenital heart disease (CCHD). The precise oxygen saturation expected at altitudes above 1500 meters above sea level is unknown, and its usefulness in children born above this height is also unknown. The target is to describe the results obtained from the POT in 100 apparently healthy newborns in a private hospital at 2550 meters above sea level where most of them were evaluated by one or more fetal-stage ultrasounds for the detection of CCHD among other things. Sex, resuscitation and weeks of gestation did not alter the results. 95 patients had “normal” prenatal ultrasound, of which 32% tested positive POT, and CCHD was also ruled out after clinical follow-up. It was concluded that all the patients with a positive test were healthy. We suggest possibility of modifying the POT parameters in order to avoid false positives is also discussed.

Asthma in Children

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases of the airways, characterized by allergic inflammation in the airways, often as a result of exposure to allergens, cold air, tobacco smoke, exercise, or emotional stress. The most common asthma symptoms in children are: cough, shortness of breath with wheezing, chest pressure and shortness of breath. Asthma is an incurable disease, but its symptoms, which range from mild to life-threatening, can be controlled with medication and lifestyle, thus ensuring a full and normal life for the child.

Gender Spectrum: Homosexuality & Gender Dysphoria

Gender is neither male nor female, but rather maleness or femaleness. We all lie on a spectrum. An equation for gender has been devised.

Thresholds of Body and Mind ©

What are the limits? How much can we endure? What will be tolerated. When does anguish start? hese limits are the thresholds beyond which suffering starts. They have a direct effect on the immune system which interacts between the body and the mind. It is our built-in, automatic doctor.

Community Based Study of Preterm Births, Small for Gestation and Low Birth Weight Babies in Rural Tribal Women with Extreme Poverty

Background: Globally one-sixth of new-borns are Low Birth Weight (LBW), single most important risk factor for Neonatal deaths (NNDs), Preterm births (PTB), Small for gestational age (SGA), Foetal Growth Restriction (FGR) are responsible for LBW and most of perinatal mortality. Objective: Present community-based study was carried out to know burden of PTB, SGA, LBW babies among rural, tribal women. Material and Methods: After ethics committee’s approval prospective study was conducted in 100 villages. Results: Over 2 years, 3713 women delivered, 2287 (61.6%) babies were LBW, 239 (6.4%) PT, 165 (69%) PT SGA, 916 (26.4%) of 3474 term babies were SGA. Overall 26.4% babies were <2 kg, 32.5% ≥2 to <2.5 kg, only 38.4% babies ≥2.5 kg. Of 55 mothers who had very very very (VVV) LBW (<1 kg) babies, 4 (7.3%) had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDsP), 45 (81.8%) anaemic 3 (5.5%) had other disorders, 3 (5.5%) had no obvious disorder (P-value 0.7754). Of 129 women with VVLBW (≥1 to <1.5 kg) babies, 10 (7.8%) had HDsP,107 (83.9%) anaemia, 9 (7.0%) other disorders, 3 (2.3%) had no obvious disorder (P-value 0.4842). Of 895 women with VLBW (≥1.5 to <2 kg) babies, 84 (9.4%) mothers had HDsP,733 (81.9%) anaemia, 49 (5.5%) other disorders, 29 (3.2%) no obvious disorder (P-value<0.0001). Of 1208 women with babies of ≥2 to <2.5 kg babies, 112 (9.3%) had HDsP, 971(80.4%) had anaemia, 87 (7.2%) other disorders, 38 (3.1%) no obvious disorder (P-value 0.0205). There were 6.4% perinatal deaths 7.4% amongst 2287 <2.5kg, 4.8% of 1426 ≥2.5kg (P-value 0.0085). Conclusion: Preterm births were not high but many babies were LBW, only 38.4% NW, 69% PT and 26.4% term babies were SGA. Anaemia seemed to be a major contributor

Pragmatic Communication Disorder

One patient has Pragmatic Communication Disorder. He had delayed communication up to age 6. He was a loner in Junio high school. He is stubborn but when you get him talking, he does not stop. He is full of interesting information. He has poor social communication skills.

The Biophysical Modeling of the Rhythmical Periods in the Human Organism

Biophysics uses certain devices to help it study the processes analogue to the ones that happen in the biological systems, hence material models. The importance on biophysics consists of the fact that a model for a simpler system gives the possibility to a certain extent to apply the same model to more complex functional systems as well (for example the organism). The respiratory movements are rhythmical and automatic: in an adult at rest is between 16 and 18 per minute. We write a periodic function for the deep breathing. So, the contraction and relaxation of the atrium and ventricle, are characterized by a periodic function. The menstrual period is a rhythmical pheno¬menon. The optimal systems ensure the coincidence between the regulated size and the reference one through negative retroaction, compensating the perturbation. The rhythmical phenomena are a very import role in human adaptation to the environment.