Modern Foreign Neurocognitive Approaches to the use of the Music-Enriched Environment in the Rehabilitation of Aphasic Disorders and Alzheimer's type Dementia

This paper presents an analysis of current foreign trends in neurocognitive rehabilitation of cognitive disorders in Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and neuropsychological rehabilitation of the most common form of vascular cognitive disorders (VCD) - aphasia. Two approaches to the restoration of higher mental functions (HMF), based on a different understanding of the neuroplasticity mechanisms, are described. The description presents non-invasive and functional methods of direct stimulation of HMF. Various methods of transcranial brain stimulation and Intensive Language-Action Therapy (ILAT) are reviewed and analyzed. The data of experimental studies present the application of these methods to the restoration of Broca's aphasia. The paper also considers an approach to neurorehabilitation based on the methodology of "workaround" recovery of HMF using sensory-enriched environment. The article describes and analyzes the theoretical foundations of Music Intonation Therapy (MIT), Thérapie mélodique est rythmée) (TMR), palliative MIT, Music Therapy (MT). The paper carries out an analytical review of the implementation of abovementioned methods in aphasics. Also, programs and neurocognitive correction methods in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are considered. The paper describes the possibilities of using active and passive MT, STAM-DEM Therapy, and Multimodal Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (MCET) in AD. The study presents the data of systematic and meta-analytical reviews on their use in MCI. The paper describes the methodology of "musical" neuropsychological diagnostics in dementia.

Digital Art Therapeutic Possibilities

The discussion about the advisability of using digital technologies in the process of art therapy has been going on for several decades, but now it has become even more relevant in connection with the covid 19 pandemic and the need to provide remote psychological assistance to different groups of the population. The purpose of the article is to review foreign studies that reflect different ways of including digital technologies in art therapy work, an overview of specific examples of successful work using digital technologies (phototherapy, animation therapy, digital art, virtual reality tools). Doubts of specialists in the benefits of digital technologies are associated, first of all, with a change in the very nature of artistic creation, the loss of its sensory basis, loss of contact with artistic materials, as well as the risks of losing social connections outside the network. Among the arguments for the inclusion of digital technologies in the practice of art therapy prevail technical (the convenience of creating and storing digital works). There are also psychological (the ability to go through new experiences) and social (the ability to work with young people in their usual format, the availability of remote work and quick access to media space). The arguments of the authors are presented in a summary table. The main problematic points are identified. In order for digital technologies to become a natural part of art therapy work, training programs for specialists are necessary, as well as the development of special applications, since existing ones often do not take into account the specifics of art therapy.

Test method for assessing the emotional intelligence of adolescents (MSCEIT-YRV)

This paper contains a description of the task methodology for assessing the level of development of emotional intelligence in adolescents aged 10 to 18 years MSCEIT–YRV (Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test – Youth Research Version). The paper provides main data on the adaptation of the methodology to the Russian-speaking sample. Adaptation and psychometric testing of the methodology were carried out using data from 996 adolescents aged 10 to 18 years (430 boys and 566 girls, mean age 13,3 years). This methodology provides information on the general level of development of emotional intelligence, indicators of the Experiential and Strategic domains of emotional intelligence and scores for four abilities (identification of emotions, facilitation of thought, understanding emotions and emotion management). The main psychometric indicators of reliability and validity of MSCEIT-YRV meet the requirements of test standardization. The paper also describes gender and age differences in emotional intelligence, shows a comparison of normative samples for the English and Russian versions of the MSCEIT–YRV method.

Modern foreign studies of depressive disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic

The article provides an overview of modern foreign studies aimed at investigating the main risk factors for depressive disorders in different categories of the population during the pandemic. First of all, attention was paid to the analysis of the influence of socio-psychological, social, age and occupational factors on the formation of depressive symptoms. Studies show a sharp increase in depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been found that patients with COVID-19, medical professionals directly in contact with COVID-19 cases, patients with any chronic diseases before the pandemic, and women in the perinatal period are most prone to developing depressive and anxiety conditions. In addition to describing common risk factors for development and display of depression, the results of foreign studies provide an understanding of the age-related effects of depressive conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The capital of individuality: A prehistory and basic assumptions

An overview of modern foreign capital studies is presented. Human, social, psychological capitals as independent areas of research are singled out and described. For the first time, the concept of the capital of individuality, complementing other types of capital, is being introduced and developed. The basic features of capital are revealed through the concepts of resources and potentials. Individual properties taken together are shown as distributed resources and potentials, on the one hand, the combined resources and potentials of the individuality taken together by its properties on the other. The perspective of a systematic study of the capital of individuality may be the appeal to the theory of integral individuality of V.S. Merlin and the concept of system integration of human individuality by B.A. Vyatkin and L.Y. Dorfman. An approach to empirical study of the capital of individuality is planned, taking into account the multi-level properties of integral individuality as resources and potentials that enable a person to achieve high results in various areas of life. The concept of the capital of individuality is introduced in order to complement the existing notions of individual differences with a view of them from the point of view of revealing the strengths of human possibilities for existence, life support, individual success.

Perceived locus of causality: theoretical significance and the problem of measurement

This work is aimed at summarizing the theoretical progress made in understanding the role of perceived locus of causality in various activities The problem of the method of measuring the perceived locus of causality is analyzed. It is emphasized that for this design it is a multidimensional approach to measurement, which considers all types of causality locus as separate constructs, turns out to be the most promising one. Particular attention is paid to determinants and correlates, such as motivational regulation, in the context of educational activities, which attracts a multidimensional approach in its measurement oftener than in the analysis of other forms of activity.

Fear as a mental health crisis in the context of global risks and changes

The paper presents the analysis of the results of international and national research in the field of studying the impact of global crises and pandemic situations (including COVID-19) on the state of mental health of people. Traditionally, the fear that accompanies emergency events and situations is considered as a source of mental and psychological traumatology of various kinds, however, the authors consider fear in a period of global risks and changes, from the point of view of not the cause, but an indicator of a decrease in the integrity of a person's mental health. The initial theoretical model that allows us to differentiate and diagnose different qualities of fear was the "I-structural" concept of G. Amon, which allows us to describe and understand the specific phenomenology of fears in the pandemic period. The qualities of fear, manifested in its constructive, destructive and deficient form, according to the authors, reflect the resource reserve of a person's mental health and the level of his psychological stability.

Problems of socialization of young people in the conditions of COVID-19

Socialization of young people is a rather complex process and is very significant for the whole society. The relevance of the study of the problems of socialization of young people in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic is due to the change and transformation of social norms and attitudes among modern youths as a new social reality. The article examines the process of socialization of young people through the prism of generational theories, and also analyzes data on global problems of the world's youngsters that arose during the COVID 19 pandemic and ways to support them. The authors came to the conclusion that, during the period of self-isolation, there was a transformation of the role of the media space in the learning process, as well as the assimilation by young people of traditional cultural values, norms formulated by the older generation. The authors pay special attention to the need to develop a trajectory for the transformation of training courses in the online space, contributing to the implementation of the structure of value transfer within the framework of intergenerational transactions. The results of the study showed that during the pandemic, new mechanisms for the socialization of young people appeared, which require being taken into account when working with this category and implementing measures to control them.

Altered states of consciousness in sports psychology: hypnosis, suggestion and auto-suggestion

The article is devoted to the problem of studying and applying the phenomena of suggestion, auto-suggestion and altered states of consciousness in modern sports psychology. A brief excursion into the history of the use of altered states of consciousness in elite sports is given. The advantages, disadvantages, limitations and specificity of different methods using suggestion and auto-suggestion in the framework of psychological support for athletes of various sports are discussed. The article also raises questions about the methods of assessing the effectiveness of psychological and pedagogical interventions with athletes using hypnosis and self-hypnosis, as well as verification of suggestive influences at the psychophysiological level. Finally, the article discusses the ethical aspects of using altered states of consciousness in the framework of psychological support for athletes and the prospects for popularizing sports hypnosis.

Cognitive predictors of hybrid and alternative identification in multicultural environment: review of foreign studies

In the modern world, the processes of globalization, migration, increased social mobility, the availability of tourism and other ways of meeting cultures lead to the activation of intercultural communication. More and more people become bearers of more than one culture (biculturals). The choice of an identity model in scientific publications is often considered as a result of environmental influences, but intrapsychic factors, including cognitive styles, are not sufficiently considered. Existing studies give a rather vague picture. The purpose of this work is to generalize the available data on the role of the cognitive component in the identification processes, to identify possible predictors of hybrid and alternative identification, to build a model of the influence of cognitive factors on the choice of an identification model. The author's hypothetical model of cognitive predictors of hybrid or alternative identity (in the schema format) is proposed. We see further prospects for working on the problem in the empirical testing of the proposed model.