Development Strategies for Tourism Destinations in Semarang Old Town

This study aims to analyze the priority strategies for developing tourism destinations in SemarangOld Town Area. This study was designed using a qualitative descriptive research method. The dataused in this study were primary and secondary data. The data collection techniques were throughinterviews, observation, documentation study, and AHP questionnaires. The data validitytechnique used in this study also used data triangulation technique, namely triangulation of sourcesand techniques. The analysis technique used in this study was to use Analysis Hierarchy Process(AHP) scheme to find an analysis of the criteria priority order from the strategies in developingtourism destinations in Semarang Old Town Area. The research results show that based on theresults of AHP analysis, the most prioritized criteria in the development strategy of tourismdestination in Semarang Old Town Area is tourism policies, followed by service criteria forvisitors in the second position, and tourism marketing criteria for the last priority. The last prioritycriterion is tourism marketing. Meanwhile, the result analysis on all alternatives shows that the firstpriority alternative is transportation control. The second priority alternative is providing a sense ofsecurity and comfort for visitors. Meanwhile, the last priority of all alternatives is the ease oflicensing to sell.

Socioeconomy Conditions After The Development of Toll Roads in Salatiga

In Central Java, one of supporting factors of regional economic growth viewed from regionalfacilities and infrastructures is toll road facilities. Transjawa toll road is a network that connectsseveral cities in Java. Particularly, this toll road connects two biggest cities in Indonesia, namelyJakarta and Surabaya in which Salatiga is also one of cities traversed by this toll. This ±1.000 kmtoll road continues the previous toll roads that have existed, including Merak – Cikampek, Jakarta– Bandung, Semarang – Bawen, and Surabaya – Pandaan. Despite the positive impacts, Transjawatoll road also gives negative impacts for local communities. Thus, this study aimed (1) to find outthe socioeconomic condition of farmers after Transjawa toll road construction in Salatiga and (2)to find out the socioeconomic condition of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) afterTransjawa toll road construction in Salatiga. This study used qualitative and quantitative datataken from from 30 main respondents. The construction of transjawa toll road in Salatiga regionbrings good effects. It was proved by the better condition of socioeconomic and income of farmersand MSME doers in Salatiga region after the construction of this toll road.

Role of Social Media in Influencing The Visit of Domestic Tourist

The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is a relationship and the influence of the useof social media by tourists and how it plays a role in the visit of domestic tourists in Lawang SewuSemarang. The data used in this study are primary data with a sample of 73 respondents. Theresearch method uses descriptive statistical analysis, correlation coefficients and simple linearregression analysis with research variables including the level of social media use and domestictourist visits in and Lawang Sewu Semarang. The results showed that the level of social media useand domestic tourist visits in the two tourism objects were high with the percentage of 78% and82.79%. As for the role of social media there are 33% of tourists get information from social mediaand 93% of domestic tourists often upload the results of travel on social media. In addition, the useof social media also has a weak relationship and influences 8% of visits to Lawang Sewu.Suggestions that can be given from this research are for the management of Lawang Sewuattractions are expected to remain active in social media but to focus more on tourism promotionthrough other media.

The Role of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDES) for The Village Community Economy

Regional disparities between rural and urban areas in Indonesia are still being an important issue inthe economic development. The government has carried out an economic stimulus in the village,one of them is through the Village Fund program for village development. One of the potentialpositive effects of implementing the Village Fund in Indonesia is creating a local economicinstitution that is expected to be able to develop the competition between villages through Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes). This study aimed to find out the empirical evidence whetherBUMDes, as one of the programs driving the village economy affected the welfare of ruralcommunities by looking at the differences in the improvement of the village economy. This studyused BUMDes and Village Potential (Podes) data in 2014 and 2018, and Village Fund Allocationas a proxy for economic activity at the village level by using the econometric model approach ofPropensity Score Matching and Difference in Difference with a fixed effect model. The resultsshowed that villages that had BUMDes gave a greater effect than the ones which did not haveBUMDes in improving the economy of the village community.

The Determinant Factors of Automobile Production in Indonesia

As the fourth populated country in the world, Indonesia’s automobile production is the seventhrank among automobile producer developing countries. With the production capacity of more than2 million units, the industry only produces less than 60% of its capacity. To increase the productionperformance, the role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is essential. However, previous empiricalstudies do not explain the nexus between FDI and the development of the Indonesian automobileindustry. Based on the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression analysis, FDI inward stock,domestic sales, imported components, and exchange rate are significant determinants factors inautomobile production. The domestic demand is the primary pillar of automobile production.Since the domestic market seems to be saturated, the export market can be an alternative toincrease automobile production. Unfortunately, the competitiveness of Indonesia’s automobile isstill weak and need to be improved because the Indonesian automobile industry still producesEuro2 automobile products and depends highly on raw material import for upstream industries.Therefore, transfer technology through FDI mechanism is required to develop Indonesia’sautomobile competitiveness. This paper suggests that FDI should be used focusing on Euro4standard upgrade and local upstream industries development.

Spatial Interaction Based on Sub-District Development Index in Pandeglang Regency

Population movement is a form of spatial interaction between regions. This phenomenon arises asa logical consequence of the heterogeneity of regional development that occurs. PandeglangRegency as an underdeveloped area should not be left behind because of the many leaks of spatialinteractions that are more directed outside this district. Investigating the daily mobilization of thepopulation internally is important in determining which sub-districts play a role as a destination foreconomic activity. The basic data used include the survey origin destination of Banten Province in2019 and data on Potential Villages (Podes) 2019 in the Pandeglang Regency. The method used isthe Scalogram method to determine the Sub-District Development Index (SDI) and the gravitymethod to analyze spatial interactions. The Hierarchical classification was carried out on the SDIvariable, the number of daily movements (density), and the distance between districts. This is doneto see the intensity of the daily movement of the population according to density, distance, andSDI hierarchy class. The spatial interaction magnitude is estimated based on the populationestimation parameters and SDI through the natural logarithmic transformation (ln) of the gravitymethod formula. The results show that the highest average population movement occurs in thehigh-density hierarchy leading to the sub-districts of the SDI 1 hierarchy. The sub-districts ofCadasari, Munjul, Patia, Saketi, and Sukaresmi as sub-districts from which spatial interactionoriginate will produce positive intensity values when compared to other sub-districts. CadasariSub-District will provide a positive spatial interaction value when it becomes the goal of the dailymovement of the population.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Firm’s Export in Indonesia

In the globalization era, ICT has important role in firm’s ability to export their products. Theobjective of this research is to analyze the impact of ICT on the ability of Indonesia’s firm to exporttheir product. Two ICT methods are analyzed, email and website. The data utilized is thesecondary data from the Enterprise Survey conducted by the World Bank in 2015 with 1317 firmsdata. Two analysis is conducted, using chi-square analysis and logit equation. The result indicatesthat 32 percent of firms using email to contact their clients exported their product meanwhile only5 percent of firms which do not use email exported their products. In additon, 36 percent of firmswith website exported their products meanwhile only 7 percent of firms without website exportedtheir products. Using chi-square analysis, it shows that there is a relationship between ICT andwhere the firms sold their products, whether in domestic or international market. The logitequation indicates that firm ownership, email and website affects the firm ability to export.Therefore, firms must be pushed towards digitalization in order to compete in the export market.

Is Educated Labor Really Productive?

Improving the quality of human resources through education is believed to increase laborproductivity. The higher the investment in education, the greater the potential for someone to gainknowledge, expand access to jobs, and increase productivity. However, the increases in the numberof educated workforces, truly unbalanced with the increase with aggregate productivity. Thepurpose of this study is to analyze at which one of the levels of education has the greatestcontribution to increasing productivity. In order to bring the research in macro level, we usedMincer equation calibrated by Bils and Klenow (2000) to develop a human capital model. Thiskind of research formed in micro level and very rarely research is done at the macro level.Therefore, by using calibration from Bils and Klenow (1992), this study tries to bring the mincermodel to the macro level. This model estimates by panel regression method and cointegrationmethod (for identification long run existence) and using data from the period of 2010-2018. Theresults of the study show a positive integration between the level of education towards workproductivity. The fact that vocational education is aimed at preparing workforce has no significanteffect on aggregate productivity. The result driven us to conclusion that education has not beenconsidered a human capital factor but signaling factor; schooling level of labor was not a drivenfactor to labor productivity, but the years of experience did and labor is tended to taking educationjust for formal reason not for academic reason.

Multicollinearity in Tourism Demand Model : Evidence from Indonesia

The demand for tourism in Indonesia continues to increase every year but cannot reach thepredetermined target. Studies on tourism demand have been done a lot, especially in Indonesia.The selection of the dependent variable in tourism demand is not problematic and acceptable,however, the selection of the independent variable is still unclear. This study aims to provide anappropriate Indonesian tourism demand model and analyze the determinants of tourism demandin Indonesia. The estimation technique used is a static panel regression. The results of this studyprove that there is multicollinearity in the tourism demand model when exchange rate and relativeprice are combined into one model, showing that relative price are good proxies in representingtourism price, and showing that substitution price are the main determinants of tourism demand inIndonesia. The policy implications recommended in this study are monitoring the economicgrowth of the origin countries of most tourists visiting Indonesia, improving the qual ity ofIndonesian tourism, and developing the Wonderful Indonesia program.

Large Dams and Welfare : Empirical Study in Indonesia

In addition to solving the problem of water shortage for irrigation, energy and consumption, thepolicy of building large dam is also expected to improve population-welfare. However, previousstudies suggest that people living near dams have less benefit from the existence of large dam. Thisstudy aims to provide empirical evidence the effect of large dam development on welfare tohousehold living in sub-districts around large dam placement using National Socio-EconomicSurvey (SUSENAS) data in 2013-2018 from Central Bureau of Statistics and spatial large dam datain Indonesia. Estimated results indicate that addition large dam tend to be negatively correlated by2.4-3.1 % with household consumption implying a tendency of decreasing welfare in localhouseholds. Estimated findings using Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2007 and 2014 shownegative correlation likely to be caused by lower agricultural productivity and work activity. Thisresult show there are economic agents who suffer from large water - infrastructure especiallyhouseholds living in sub-districts close to the dam.