How to The Impact on Transformational Leadership Style and Job Motivation On Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) With Job Satisfaction as Mediating Variables at Outsourcing Company

This study aims to analyze the effect of transformational leadership style and work motivation on employee organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) mediated by employee job satisfaction. The object of the research is employees of PT. Sumberdaya Dian Mandiri with a sample of 95 people. Methods of data collection using questionnaire data collection and library research. Data analysis method using Partial Least Square. The result of this study show that (1) transformational leadership has a positive but not significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB); (2) work motivation has a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB); (3) transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction; (4) work motivation has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction; (5) job satisfaction has a positive but not significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB); (6) job satisfaction in mediating transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) has a positive but not significant effect, and (7) job satisfaction in mediating work motivation on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) has a positive and significant effect.

A Laboratory Manual for the Preparation of Chemical Reagents, Solutions and Special Indicators

A Laboratory Manual for the Preparation of Chemical Reagents, Solutions and Special Indicators. ETHIOPIAN BIODIVERSITY INSTITUTE, Microbial Biodiversity Directorate. This manual includes detailed view of the following: Laboratory Safety Precautions, Chemical Reagent Preparation, Buffer and Chemical Solution Preparation, Staining Solution Preparation, Indicators and Dye Solution Preparation, Preparation of Special Reagents, Known and Suspected List of Carcinogens and References.

Role of Translator as a Gap Filler in Communication with Reference to Françoise Balogun

Translation of messages between two languages has been very challenging among translators. Translations have led to the filling of gaps in communication barriers so that equivalence and accuracy are achieved in the process of transfer of messages from one language to another. This paper aims to examine the role of a translator in filling the communication gap between the Source Language (SL) and the Target Language (TL). These gaps are known as translation problems or difficulties as a means of solving them. We apply the interpretative and comparative approaches of translation. This is achieved through the extract of texts from the English and French versions of our corpus. The main objectives of the paper are i) to examine some concepts in translation ii) to identify some gaps in translation, and iii) to determine the approach that fits better in translating discourse messages with varied contexts. Among the findings of the study are instances of gap filling in communication as no two languages see a concept in the same way that includes i) set and series, ii) cultural words, and iii) neologism. The study concludes that equivalent is the key to achieving successful translation across cultures.

Effectiveness of Outdoor Physics Activities

This paper presents the utilization of outdoor physics activities in the teaching of selected topics in light and optics in order to promote effective transfer of learning in physics and interacting with the environment which is one of the main subjects of the study. The study also looked into the effect of cooperative learning, active learning, use of higher order thinking skills (HOTS), relevance of learning experiences and development of social skills in physics among fourth year high school students in a secondary school in Bacacay, Albay. The researcher developed outdoor physics activities as an instructional intervention and used a single group pretest- posttest design. Qualitative and quantitative techniques were used in the study. The instruments used in data gathering were the teacher- made questionnaire for the features of the outdoor physics activities in optics and results of the pretest- posttest for conceptual understanding and the guide questions for the journal entries of the students. Validation of data was done through triangulation of students’ journal entries, self-rating checklist and experts’ observation. Positive result shows in the conceptual understanding, development of scientific skills, enhancement on the attitude and values and improvement on the social skillsof the students. Further, it is recommended that additional outdoor physics activities be developed for the enrichment of the students’ conceptual understanding as they see their relevance to real life experiences.

MODERNIZATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES IN BULGARIA THROUGH THE INTRODUCTION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

This article presents trends in the development of sustainable urbanism, in which innovations and technologies are brought to the fore. It is assumed that at this stage the necessary measures are being introduced to improve the efficiency of services and the use of resources in smaller machines (energy efficiency or efficiency in your enterprises) with information technology. This creates the conditions within the regional development offer to develop a concept of a smart city ("smart city"). In practice, the smart city is growing beyond this initial goal to one that applies to entire cities and urban blocks, not just the transport system or buildings, and covers a large area. This raises the need to study the development of settlements in order to better illustrate the processes of development of geo-spaces through the prism of the introduction of new communication technologies.

Option Valuation in the Presence of Market Sentiment: Application to Listed Companies in the CAC40 Index

Asset pricing theory based on rationality was widely criticized in literature. Indeed, the non-inclusion of investor behavior and assuming market efficiency led to the weaknesses of option valuation through the traditional Black and Scholes model (1973). In this paper we examine the effect of the inclusion of investor behavior in the option pricing model. We test whether the Black and Scholes model in presence of sentiment behavior can lead to an improvement of the calculation of call price. Using daily data of 30 listed companies of France in the CAC40 index for the period June 18, 2009 to May 09, 2018, results showed that the introduction of sentiment effect in the Black and Scholes model provides better estimates of the call price than that obtained by the standard Black-Scholes model. In fact, we obtain an average gain of about 44% in terms of relative change in mean square error between both methods.

Border Reopening and its Impact on Nigeria Economy a Marketing Perspectives

One of the most vital border regions in West Africa is the frontier between Nigeria and Benin. The global outbreak of Covid-19 leads to nation and wide lockdown in many countries. The countries and areas that have passed the worst phase of the outbreak or were able to prevent an internal outbreak are eager to reopen as prolonged lockdown could cause damages to the economy and social structure. The Nigeria government has approved the opening of its land borders on December 2020, since its closure on August 2019. This study aimed at determining the impact of border reopening on the Nigeria economy. The study area was Badagry and Apapa Metropolis Lagos State, Nigeria. A random sampling technique was employed, through the use of structured questionnaire on a sample of one hundred and ten (110); artisans (15), traders (50) and farmers (45) were used for data analysis. The Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used to confirm formulated hypotheses. The study found that the recent border reopening is improving the Nigeria economy and gradually have good significant effect on market prices and in turn increasing the marketing turnover. The study also recommended that there is need to strengthen the border policing and management mechanisms to avoid a relapse into the conditions that led to the closure in the first place.

ACQUISITION OF FOLK HEALING PRACTICES: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY GROUNDING THE EXPERIENCES OF PARASANTIGWAR IN CAGRARAY ISLAND, PHILIPPINES

For many years, folk medicine has been the resort of many less privileged families who do not have access to modern health care facilities. A parasantigwar is a term coined to a folk healer in Cagraray island, Philippines, a native version of a doctor trained in traditional manner providing indigenous medicinal help in the locale. This study aimed to ground the lived experiences of these parasantigwar on their acquisition of folk healing skills. Phenomenology approach was conducted by immersion and interview to 8 identified parasantigwar through referral sampling technique. Result revealed that (1) apprenticeship to a folk healer in the family and (2) life setbacks of families were grounds which opted the parasantigwar to resort into traditional healing through cultural transmission and motivation by needs deficiency. This resulted to the parasantigwar’s acquisition of practices through (1) passed knowledge and (2) aggregated learned skill. It was concluded that family plays an important role in the assimilation of the folk healing skill where this immediate environment is responsible for the transmission of the observed culture and development of motivation to suffice needs. Further studies need to be conducted to understand healing practices especially to the surrounding islands showing similarity in origins of folk healing practice.

Does Herding Behaviour and Overconfidence Drive the Investor’s Decision Making During the Covid-19 Pandemic

This study is intended to analyze the effect of herding behavior and overconfidence in encouraging investment decision-making by investors on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the Jakarta area. The population of this research is investors who invest in investment instruments listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the Jakarta area with an unknown population, and the number of samples in this study is 100 investors. Data analysis in this study used an alternative method of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Wrap PLS 5.0 data processing tools. The findings of this study is herding has a positive and significant effect on investment decisions by investors in the Jakarta area. Overconfidence has a positive and significant effect on investment decisions by investors in the Jakarta area. This means that the increasing herding and overconfidence of investors can drive the investor’s decisions making in the Jakarta area.

Review on the Systemic Damage and Biochemical Alterations Associated with COVID-19 Infection

According to the WHO daily report, the world lost 4.3 million peoples and more than 203 million of the people were infected by the epidemic till August 10, 2021. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) is a respiratory disease and it is a systemic infection with cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, neurological, and hematological manifestations, leading to death. Many biomarkers reflecting the main pathophysiological characteristics of the disease have been associated with the risk of developing severe disease. Biochemical changes like leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, cytokine storm, decreased albumin, increase in ALT, total bilirubin, LDH, and procalcitonin levels are significant predictors of ICU admitted COVID-19 patients. So, monitoring of biochemical parameters in COVID-19 patients is critical for assessing disease severity and progression as well as monitoring therapeutic intervention.