Growth Response and Yield of Three Shallot Varieties on The Various Mixed of UREA + ZA in Ultisol Soil

This study aimed to: (1) identify the interaction effect between varieties and mixed doses of urea + ZA on the growth and yield of shallots in Ultisol soil; (2) to identify the effect of each shallot varieties and the dosage mixture of urea + ZA which produce the highest yield in Ultisol soils. The research was conducted from April to June 2019 in Tungkaran Village, Martapura, with a split plot design. The main plot was shallot varieties (V) with three levels, namely Biru Lancor (v1), Bima Brebes (v2), and Super Philip (v3). Subplots were a mixture of urea + ZA (P) with four levels, namely 0 kg urea + 600 kg ZA (p1), 100 kg urea + ZA 400 kg (p2), 200 kg urea + 200 kg ZA (p3), and 300 urea kg + ZA 0 kg (p4). Each experiment was repeated three times. Therefore, there were 36 experimental units. Observation parameters included plant height, number of leaves per clump, number of bulbs per clump, fresh bulbs' weight per clump, and yield of stored dry bulbs. The results showed that the Bima Brebes variety (v2) had a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, number of bulbs per clump, the weight of fresh bulbs per clump, and yield of stored dry bulbs. The mixture of 200 kg urea + 200 g ZA (p3) significantly affected plant height, number of leaves, number of tubers per clump, the weight of fresh tubers per clump, and yield of stored dry tubers.

Study of Trichoderma Spp. Application on the Incidence of Moler Disease and Shallot's Growth and Yield

Fusarium wilt disease/moler is a concern in onion cultivation. Many farmers apply chemical pesticides such as azoxystrobin and difenoconazole to control the diseases. Both of these chemical pesticides are currently exhibiting a decline in effectiveness, prompting farmers to increase the dosage and frequency of application. Recommendations for biological control, including Trichoderma spp.. This study aimed to determine the influence of application time of of Trichoderma spp. in various media types on the incidence of moler disease and shallot growth and yield. This study was conducted in Tabalong district, South Kalimantan, from February to June 2019 using a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial comprising two nested designs. The first factor was the type of media in which Trichoderma spp.. was applied, namely solid and liquid. The second factor was the application time of Trichoderma spp.. Level 1 was the application of Fusarium sp. seven days before planting and Trichoderma spp.. seven days after planting. Level 2 included the application of Trichoderma spp.. seven days before planting and Fusarium sp. simultaneously during planting. Level 3 involved the administration of Trichoderma spp.. concurrently with planting and Fusarium sp. seven days later. This investigation used one positive control (without treatment) and one negative control (shallots inoculated with Fusarium). Each experimental unit was consisted of ten plants and replicated three times. The parameters observed were the incubation period of Fusarium sp., disease incidence, number of leaves, plant height, number of cloves, and average clove weight. The study found that the application time of Trichoderma on various types of media affected the incidence of Fusarium disease, the number of leaves, and the number of shallot cloves.When compared to liquid media, the application of solid media resulted in a reduced incidence of Fusarium disease and a greater frequency of flares. The application time on solid media gave a low response to moles. As for liquid media, the lowest incidence of moler disease occurred at the seven days before planting.

The Effect of Temperature and Relative Humidity Inside The Shade Netting on The Growth of Pepper Fruiting Branch Cuttings

Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) has many benefits, especially in its seeds, commonly used as a food flavoring. Pepper effectively increases appetite, increases the digestive glands' activity, and accelerates fatty substances' digestion. In general, pepper production per unit area in Indonesia is low. The average is below 1 ton of dry pepper per hectare. This low productivity is mainly due to inadequate cultivation techniques, such as improper fertilization and inadequate care. The development of pepper cultivation is still running slowly due to the many obstacles faced by farmers. This productivity could be increased if farmers could apply good and correct cultivation techniques. Generally, pepper cultivation in Indonesia uses standards. This technique is expensive and requires intensive maintenance. The pepper seeds commonly planted by farmers come from running shoots. The experimental design used was the split-plot design with shade netting as the first factor and the administration of husk charcoal as the second factor. Other factors observed were climatic factors, including temperature and relative humidity, bird bud burst time, sprouting time, and root-shoot ratio. The results indicated that the shade netting and husk charcoal treatment on the planting medium significantly affected bird bud burst time, sprouting time, and root-shoot ratio. This study aimed to investigate the effect of climate on the growth of pepper cuttings. The results indicated that the best bird bud burst time occurred in treatment n0 (100%), a0 (1:1) 34.67 days, and not significantly different from n0 (100%) a2 (0: 1) 35.00 days. The best sprouting time occurred in treatment n0 (100%) a2 (0: 1) 32.00 days, not significantly different from n0 (100%) a0 (1: 1) 32.50 days. The root-shoot ratio was significantly different in treatment n0 (100%) a1 (1; 0) 5.28 g.

Pest Control Technology for Plutella Xylostella L. on Green Mustard (Brassica Juncea L.) Using Bacillus Thuringiensis in Tukungan Soil

Green mustard (Brassica juncea L.) is a popular vegetable among the people. Green mustard leaves are commonly used as complementary ingredients such as chicken noodle, meatballs, etc. These vegetables are easily accessible to traditional markets, supermarket, and mall. The main obstacle in cultivating green mustard is Plutella xylostella attack. P. xylostella pests can attack both vegetative and generative, striking at the shoots and leaves of plants from breeding to harvesting. One of the effective and safe controls is the bioinsecticide Bacillus thuringiensis. Tukungan soil is a swamp land management technology that aims to diversify commodities that can be planted. This technology is very helpful in utilizing and maximizing existing agricultural land, especially in South Kalimantan. The bioinsecticide material used is a strain of B. thuringiensis which is the Turex WP. This research aims to determine the best dose of bioinsecticide B. thuringiensis (Turex WP) in controlling P. xylostella pests, increasing growth and yield of green mustard in tukungan soils. The research used a one-factor randomized block design, namely the dose of bioinsecticide (Turex WP) consisting of five treatments: p0 = 0 g/L, p1 = 0.5 g/L, p2 = 1 g/L, p3 = 1.5 g/L, and p4 = 2g/L. The results showed that the bioinsecticide B. thuringiensis (Turex WP) with a dose of 2 g/L was effective in controlling P. xylostella pests, increasing growth and yield of green mustard in tukungan soils.

Effectiveness of Learning Model of Gawi Sabumi to Improve Students’ High Order Thinking Skills and Ecological Awareness

Learning during the COVID-19 pandemic tends to be less developed students' skills. Based on the facts, many elementary school teachers in South Kalimantan are experiencing difficulties because there are limited models and strategies to implement online learning. This reason encourages developing the innovation blended learning model. Innovation on this study is the the product of developing blended learning model with the syntax are Group, Analysis, Work Together, Inform, Solve the problem on outdoor, Actualization of solution, Battle games, Unity on role play, Manage conclusion and Invent the creation (GAWI SABUMI). The purpose of this study is to produce a new learning model and find out the effectiveness of the GAWI SABUMI learning model to improve the ecological awareness and high order thinking skills of elementary school students in Banjarmasin. This study used the type of research and development consisted of three phases to find the effectiveness of the model on the dependent variable through the quasi-experimental research. The study sample was 40 students on an elementary school in Banjarmasin. The result of quality evaluation of the blended learning model GAWI SABUMI was at a high level (X= 4.62) (SD = 0.14). Students had post-test learning skills scores higher than pre-test at .01 level of significance which means that the GAWI SABUMI model meets the criteria of being valid, reliable, and feasible to be implemented and potential to improve students' high order thinking skills and ecological awareness.

The Risk Analysis on the Siam Banjar Orange Supply Chain Distribution Channel in Barito Kuala Regency

Siam orange is a horticultural commodity that is very suitable and suitable for soil conditions for cultivation in tidal swamps. Wrong one area for the development of the Siam Banjar orange in South Kalimantan is located in the Barito Regency Kuala. As one of the agricultural commodities, Siam Banjar orange has high enough risk, so it needs good management in terms of this is called risk management. This study aims to identify Siam Banjar orange distribution channels, identify and analyze risks that occur in the supply chain distribution channel of Siam Banjar oranges, as well measure the risk on each member of the supply chain and search for those members that have the greatest risk. The data analysis method used is descriptive analysis, methods Analytical Network Process (ANP) and Weighted Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (WFMEA) to analyze the risks that occur and find members supply chain that has the greatest risk in the supply chain distribution channel Siam Banjar oranges in Barito Kuala Regency. From this research, it is found that the distribution channel of Siam orange Banjar in Barito Kuala Regency generally consists of farmers and traders, collectors, wholesalers and retailers and applied through five structures. A more accurate risk analysis result with the WFMEA method, value WRPN obtained for price risk (151.424), transportation risk (52.875), risk supply (52.380), quality risk (51.858), production risk (50.165) and risk environment (5.888). The results of the priority assessment of the Siam orange supply chain actors Banjar with the ANP method, namely farmers (0.371), traders (0.128), wholesalers (0.360) and retailers (0.142). Thus, members of the supply chain farmers who have the greatest risk. Keywords: Risk Analysis, Supply Chain, Siam Banjar Orange, Analytical Network Prosess (ANP)

The Potential of Constructed Wetlands for Liquid Waste Management in Small and Medium-Scale Tannery: A Literature Review

The leather tanning industry or tannery, mainly in the small and medium scale (SMEs), is not environmentally friendly. Limited capitals drive the SMEs-scale tanneries to dispose of liquid waste directly into water bodies without proper treatment. It might cause serious environmental problems due to the high content of COD, BOD, chromium, and dyes. Treatment of liquid waste using constructed wetlands has been widely used because it is efficient, cheap, and powerful. This review discusses the latest studies in the wastewater treatment of tanneries using phytoremediation techniques and constructed wetlands and their potential applications in the SMEs tanneries.

Effect of Fish Amino Acid Application on Growth and N-uptake in Plants Rice Using The System of Rice Intensification Method

Rice is the main rice crop which is used as the staple food of most Indonesians. Rice production in Indonesia cannot be separated from inorganic fertilizers which have a bad impact on the environment, so it is necessary to carry out a revolution, one of which is the SRI method. The addition of FAA organic matter originating from fish sorted by fishermen which have no selling price is used as a substitute for inorganic fertilizers. This study aims to determine the effect of FAA application on growth and N uptake in rice plants using the SRI method and to determine the best dose of the effect of FAA application on growth and N uptake in rice plants using the SRI method. This research was conducted in December 2019 - April 2020 at the Greenhouse of the Agroecotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. The design used was a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with treatment f0 (control / without FAA application), f1 (1 mL FAA / L), f2 (3 mL FAA / L), f3 (5 mL FAA / L) , and f4 (7 mL FAA / L). The treatment was repeated 5 times, to obtain 25 experimental units. Observation parameters in the study were plant height, number of tillers, and N uptake of rice leaves. The results showed that the application of FAA with a dose of 1 mL FAA / L was able to increase the height of rice plants by 5.5%, produced an average number of tillers of 14 tillers, and was able to increase nitrogen uptake by 9.6% in rice plant leaves.

Inventory and Identification of Arthropods on Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) belong to the Arecaceae family of palms. Banjarbaru is one of the areas that started planting date palms in South Kalimantan. The community's knowledge of date pests still lacks. Therefore it becomes a problem for farmers. Before proper control is carried out, it is necessary to understand the types of pests first. Arthropod data on date palms at the Plantation and Livestock Service Office of South Kalimantan Province are not available. Hence, it is necessary to conduct inventory research and arthropod identification. This study aimed to determine the types of arthropods in date palms (P. dactylifera L.) in Banjarbaru. The method used was a survey method with purposive sampling carried out by collecting arthropods using swing nets, yellow sticky traps, and directly from four different locations. The field observations at four locations found 43 types of arthropods totaling 98 individuals. Twenty arthropods act as pests, 13 individuals as pollinators, and 10 individuals as predators. The arthropods were classified into ten orders and 27 families, with the largest number of individuals coming from the Lepidoptera order.

The Effect of Organic Fertilizer and Liquid Complementary Fertilizer on The Seed Growing Medium from Topsoil

In coal mine reclamation activities, topsoil is generally used as the top layer on the reclamation land surface and the primary material in the growing medium for reclamation plant seeds due to its abundant availability. Topsoil generally has a low fertility rate because the soil layers between horizons have been mixed. Improvement of topsoil quality can be performed by adding organic fertilizers. This study aimed to identify the effect of organic fertilizers, liquid complementary fertilizers (LCF), and their interactions on selected soil's chemical properties from the topsoil used as a seed growing medium. This study used a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, consisting of organic fertilizer factors (guano phosphate, Subur Ijo, vermicompost) and LCF factors (IMO, liquid smoke, Vermiwash). The results showed that the independent treatment of organic fertilizers and LCF had a very significant effect on pH. The independent treatment of organic fertilizers had a very significant effect on organic C and Total K. Meanwhile, the interaction between the two treatments had a very significant effect on the Total N and Total P of the growing media. The addition of organic fertilizers and LCF can improve topsoil quality to be used as a medium for growing media.