Technology: a workshop on labor training

The textbook discusses the main types of practical work on the subject of "Technology", highlights various types of artistic, creative and design activities of children that underlie this aspect of teaching younger schoolchildren. Detailed material is given on the processing methods and the possibilities of using various types of paper and cardboard. It can be useful for primary school teachers, educators and counselors of children's recreation camps, students of pedagogical colleges, parents, teachers of additional education.

SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL “AESTHETIC CULTURE IN THE PREPARATION OF THE FUTURE ENLIGHTENER” BY PROFESSOR VALENTINA TITARENKO

The article presents generalizations, in line with world and domestic educational processes, ideas and forms of development of scientific and pedagogical school “Aesthetic culture in the preparation of future educators” by Professor V. Tytarenko. The method of historical-retrospective analysis revealed the progressive achievements of the scientific school as a research center and a collective form of scientific creativity in the field of technological education on theoretical and methodological aspects of technological education of students by means of aesthetic culture and design. The study of the laws of formation of aesthetic culture of pupils and students by means of Ukrainian folk crafts began with the search and study of samples of Ukrainian folk embroidery, description of its techniques, distribution in different areas of certain ornaments, colors, traditions. The result of this work were her books “Ukrainian towel as a means of national education and a work of folk decorative and applied arts”, “Poltava traditional embroidery: past and present”. V. Tytarenko is one of the first initiators of conducting comprehensive research and experiments in Ukraine in the field of decorative and applied art, as well as the methodology of scientific and pedagogical research in this field of knowledge. The scientific interests of Valentyna Tytarenko’s scientific school are focused on the study of the laws of formation of the aesthetic culture of pupils and students by means of Ukrainian folk crafts. The creative team of like-minded people has successfully carried out research in recent years, funded by the state budget on “Theory and methods of forming the aesthetic culture of future technology teachers in the process of personality-oriented training”, and today completes research on “Theoretical -methodical aspects of technological education of pupils and students by means of culture and design”. Continuation of basic and applied research on this topic is implemented in the Poltava regional special research group of teachers of labor training and technology “Design as a method of cognition in the educational field of technology”, which works under the leadership of Professor V. Tytarenko. The formulated results of its activity on theoretical and methodological aspects of technological education of pupils and students by means of aesthetic culture and design which we can observe as a result of opening of ways of use of the maintenance and a technique of preparation of future teachers of labor training and student’s youth for training of the Ukrainian national crafts confirm their full conformity. data presented in the materials of dissertation research of representatives of the scientific school.

PREPARATION OF THE CIRCUIT LEADER TO TEACH STUDENTS IN TECHNICAL MODELING

The rapid pace of transformation in the society of Ukraine and the world, the process of its integration into the educational space of Europe contributed to increasing the focus on the quality of children's leisure, the need to review and improve the legal framework for out-of-school education. The article analyzes the features of teaching pupils of technical modeling and professional training of future teachers to activities in out-of-school education institutions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the specifics of teaching pupils technical modeling in out-of-school educational institutions that have scientific and technical direction, and substantiation of scientific and methodological foundations and features of training teachers of labor training and technology for professional activities in out-of-school education. Peculiarities of preparation of future teachers of labor education and technologies for teaching puiples in the conditions of out-of-school education institutions are considered. On the basis of the analysis of scientific and methodical literature the concept training of future teachers of labor training and technologies for professional activity on training of pupils of technical modeling in establishments of out-of-school education which have a scientific and technical direction is defined. Emphasis is placed on the priority of the motivational component in the process of implementing the competence approach of the educational system in the training of both future teachers and pupils. Аspects of construction of structural-semantic model are characterized training of future teachers of labor education and technologies for professional activity in out-of-school education institutions. The organizational and pedagogical conditions of effective student learning are determined. The necessity of forming in students the skills of integration of branch knowledge and combination of educational methods, technologies of organization of classes during the practice of teaching technical modeling in the process of classes in out-of-school education institutions is substantiated.

PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF APPLICATION OF WOODWORKING TECHNOLOGIES IN LESSONS OF LABOR TRAINING

The article reveals the content of readiness of students of pedagogical ZVO, future teachers, ability to comprehensively solve problems of labor, moral and aesthetic education of secondary school students. The pedagogical conditions of effective pedagogical influence in the formation of knowledge, skills and work with wood are considered. Successful mastering by students of woodworking technologies at lessons of labor training is provided by principles (clarity, individualization, connection of the theory with practice, manufacturability, reflexivity, partnership and cooperation, interdisciplinary communications, professional orientation of training), modern methodical approaches (system, activity, technology , personal, etc.), pedagogical conditions based on the professional skills of the teacher, provide for the development of students' love for work, nature and the preservation of the experience of folk crafts. The work of students with natural materials is of great importance for the aesthetic education of children, instilling in them artistic taste, development of creative abilities, imagination. The overriding task of working with natural material is to awaken in children a love for native nature, which contributes to the education of their patriotic feelings. It is time to further improve the methodological training of teachers of labor education in order to expand their learning opportunities.

PECULIARITIES OF DIFFERENTIATED TEACHING OF STUDENTS OF DESIGN OF TEXTILE PRODUCTS

The paper reveales difficulties in the process of teaching the disciplines of garment production in higher educational establishment. The problem of introduction of differentiated training of future teachers of technologies at classes of design and manufacturing of textile products has been analyzed. The research substantiates the necessity of teacher`s readiness to implement a differentiated approach and suggests recommendations for its application. The conditions for successful differentiation have been determined. The development of multilevel tasks, which are an effective and most common method of differentiated learning, has been proposed. The fact that it is necessary to compare their purpose and content with the level of knowledge and skills, individual and educational capabilities of students for the development of multilevel tasks is proven. The study explores the ways to differentiate practical tasks for future teachers of labor training and technology. The peculiarities of frontal, individual and group activities of students during the classes on design, modeling and technology of textile products are revealed. The advantages and disadvantages of the above mentioned activities are identified. Considering the individual characteristics of students, it is recommended to combine them into three typological groups. The authors argue on implementation of a differentiated approach to the development of creative projects, to control the acquired knowledge of future teachers of labor training and technology, as well as the ability to apply them when solving technical problems and completing practical tasks. An experimental survey of the method of differentiated teaching of students in the process of design and manufacturing textile products has been carried out and its effectiveness has been proved.

Estimating value-added returns to labor training programs with causal machine learning

Technology may displace tens of millions of workers in the coming decades. Part of the explanation for the projected displacement is an expanding mismatch in skills that employers seek and the skills that workers possess. Effects of labor force displacement disproportionately affect low-income workers and workers within industries where technological change replaces labor. As a result, a great deal of emphasis is placed on training and reskilling workers to ease transitions into new careers. However, utilization of training programs may be below optimal levels if workers are uncertain about the returns to their investment in training. While the U.S. spends billions of dollars annually on reskilling programs and unemployment insurance, there are few measures of program effectiveness that workers and government can use to guide training investment decisions and ensure delivery of valuable reskilling and improved outcomes. In a nationwide conjoint survey experiment, we find job seekers prefer information on the value-added returns to earnings following enrollment in training and reskilling programs. We identify a clear demand for value-added measures. For every 10% increase in expected earnings, workers are 17.4% more likely to express interest in a training program. To meet this demand for information, governments can provide return on investment measures. Fortunately, the data to estimate these returns are available in state administrative data. We demonstrate a causal machine learning method that provides these missing causal estimates of value-added that workers prefer and that can provide correct incentives in the market for labor training. Focusing on a set of workforce training programs in Rhode Island, our causal machine learning estimates suggest that training increases enrollees’ future quarterly earnings by \$605. We estimate that return on investment ranges between -\$1,570 in quarterly earnings for the lowest value-added program to \$3,470 in quarterly earnings for the highest value-added program.

Training of future labor teachers and technologies to formulate key competencies among their students

The relevance of the study of the relationship between professional competencies of the future teacher of technology and the formation of students' key subject competencies. The study aims to determine the system of preparation of future teachers of labor education and technology. A sociological survey among 700 students of specialty 014.10 Secondary education (Labor training and technology) based on Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University (Ukraine). The correlation of the subject competencies defined in the standard with the professional competencies of a teacher was determined: fluency in the state language - generalization of previously learned material, ability to communicate in the native (with a difference from the state) and foreign languages - consolidation of learned material, mathematical competence - development of the ability to self-learn, competence in natural sciences, engineering, and technology - development of active listening skills, innovation - storage of large amounts of information. The practical significance of the study was the provision of recommendations on the model of formation of subject student competence through the definition of its basic principles.

SUBSTANTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF FORMATION OF CULTURAL COMPETENCE OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN LABOR EDUCATION BY MEANS OF THEATER PEDAGOGY

The article considers the semantic characteristics of one of the key cultural competencies for school education, which is determined by the awareness and self-expression of students in the field of culture. The relevance of the study is determined by the use for the formation of cultural competence of students in the lessons of labor training means of acting (facial expressions, gestures, plastics, speech) as analogues of pedagogical influences on the individual. The aim of the article was to substantiate the essence, content and structure of the conceptual construct of forming the cultural competence of students by means of theatrical pedagogy. The application of theoretical research methods (analysis, classification, generalization) helped to clarify the content of its components. The concept of formation is considered as a socio-phenomenological process and the result of irreversible, directed, natural changes in personal neoplasms of students, which are guided by the influence of educational space and personal activity, determine its consciousness, education, culture, independence in acquiring knowledge. The traditional for domestic personology cultural-historical approach is defined as leading in the description of the person, his motivational and cognitive spheres, which determine the active, active participation in social interaction throughout his life. It is proved that the readiness for successful life is ensured by the formation of social, labor, psychological and psychophysiological qualities as components of cultural competence. The basis of personal development in educational activities is its cultural experience, synthesis of value orientations, which is formed in interpersonal interaction, including the means of acting techniques of emotional and psychological influence (expressiveness, flexibility, intonation, reflection of internal states, transmission of ideas, suggestion ). As a result of analysis of psychological and pedagogical theories and views on the content of key research concepts, the formation of cultural competence of students by means of theatrical pedagogy in the process of labor education is defined as a process and result of quantitative and qualitative changes in the student’s personality. and the formation of skills of emotional and psychological influence by means of acting, which are manifested in creative activity and stimulated by positive figurative feelings.

Labor training in design and technological activities of students

The aim of this article is to establish the effectiveness of labor training of students by using modern pedagogical and technological systems; determination of strong interest in implementation of project activities, as well as determination of teachers' attitude to implementation of labor training based on project-technological activities. The main method in the article is the experiment method; also, the questionnaire and observation methods were used. The result of the research is to establish the necessity of introducing design-technological activities into the process of labor education as a form of motivation and formation of strong interest of schoolchildren. It was found that project-technological activity is positively perceived by teachers in the field of labor education and is considered by them as effective and corrosive. It is stated that the labor lessons form a set of knowledge and skills in the technological sphere, develop a strong interest in creative work, and create conditions for the realization of intellectual abilities.

Analysis of the problem on preparing future primary school teachers for the organization of pupils’ labor training

Analysis of the problem on preparing future primary school teachers for the organization of pupils’ labor training. The preparation of future primary school teachers for organizing labor training of young learners in the educational process of high school has been analyzed in the article. The essence and structure of the “readiness of future teachers to organize labor training of young learners” phenomenon have been revealed. The preparation of future primary school teachers for the organization of labor training of young learners in the educational process of high school has been monitored. The problems of young learners’ labor training have been discussed, and the forms and methods for preparing future primary school teachers for the organization of labor training have been developed. Preparation as a general concept is interpreted as an organized, purposeful long-term educational process in different types of educational institutions whose ultimate aim is to achieve the readiness to carry out professional pedagogical activities in a particular specialty. Readiness of future primary school teachers to organize labor training is interpreted as a result of preparing students during their studies at a higher pedagogical institution, as the state of the future teacher who has mastered the system of knowledge on productive, project technologies. The formation of future primary school teachers’ readiness is not a spontaneous or involuntary process. This is a systematic and purposeful activity.