Beet necrotic yellow vein virus genome reassortments in a resistant sugar beet variety showing–in a small area in France–strong rhizomania symptoms

2009 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Koenig ◽  
B. Holtschulte ◽  
G. Deml ◽  
P. Lüddecke ◽  
S. Schuhmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Sugar Beet Variety

EFFECTIVENESS OF DOSING APPLICATION OF BENATAL GROUP HERBICIDES IN SUGAR BEET SOWING

1970 ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
V. Z. Venevtsev ◽  
М. N. Zakharova ◽  
L. V. Rozhkova
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Sugar Beet Variety ◽  
Sowing Machine

Ryazan region annually receives stable yields of sugar beet roots 40 t/ha. Further growth of yields depends on balanced nutrition of plants cultivated hybrids, from the quality of the soil and of the phytosanitary State of sowing culture. Weed vegetation in wider spaced row crops of sugar beet in the initial periods of vegetation is high competition culture. The article presents the results of three studies on the effectiveness of the herbicide betanalnoj group, used to reduce contamination of sowing culture annual dicotyledonous weeds and increase the harvest of sugar beet roots. Studies conducted on experimental fields ISSA-branch FGBNU FNAC WIM (former AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE in Ryazan). Soil: dark grey forest tjazhelosuglinistaja, humus content 4.0%, potassium and phosphorus-high pH is 5.8. Area of cultivated plots 50 m2, repetition, four sugar beet variety-Ocean. The predecessor-winter wheat. Under the autumn ploughing had made NPK120 under presowing cultivation-N60, SEV conducted seeder sowing machine. For crop protection herbicides were tested annually of sugar beet Betanal progress, UF-1.0 l/HA, Forte di Belvedere-1.0 l/HA, Betanal Max Pro-1.5 l/HA, Bajrang engineering works Super-1.5 l/HA, once applied to weeds. The harvest of sugar beet roots, take into account the square 10 m2 in 4-times repeated with each experimental plot by weighing machinery, processed data by ANOVA. The research found that studied herbicides efficiently at 87-92%, reduced infestation annual dicotyledonous weeds and increase the harvest of sugar beet roots to 29.9-44.1%

scholarly journals First Report of Rhizomania Disease of Sugar Beet Caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus in the Great Lakes Production Region

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Wintermantel ◽  
Teresa Crook ◽  
Ralph Fogg
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Polymyxa Betae ◽  
Mechanical Inoculation ◽  
Production Region ◽  
Das Elisa

Rhizomania, caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and vectored by the soilborne fungus Polymyxa betae Keskin, is one of the most economically damaging diseases affecting sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). The virus likely originated in Europe and was first identified in California in 1983 (1). It has since spread among American sugar beet production regions in spite of vigorous sanitation efforts, quarantine, and disease monitoring (3). In the fall of 2002, mature sugar beet plants exhibiting typical rhizomania root symptoms, including proliferation of hairy roots, vascular discoloration, and some root constriction (2) were found in several fields scattered throughout central and eastern Michigan. Symptomatic beets were from numerous cultivars, all susceptible to rhizomania. Two to five sugar beet root samples were collected from each field and sent to the USDA-ARS in Salinas, CA for analysis. Hairy root tissue from symptomatic plants was used for mechanical inoculation of indicator plants. Mechanical inoculation produced necrotic lesions on Chenopodium quinoa and systemic infection of Beta vulgaris ssp. macrocarpa, both typical of BNYVV and identical to control inoculations with BNYVV. Symptomatic sugar beet roots were washed and tested using double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) for the presence of BNYVV using standard procedures and antiserum specific for BNYVV (3). Sugar beet roots were tested individually, and samples were considered positive when absorbance values were at least three times those of greenhouse-grown healthy sugar beet controls. Samples were tested from 16 fields, with 10 confirmed positive for BNYVV. Positive samples had mean absorbance values ranging from 0.341 to 1.631 (A405nm) after 30 min. The mean healthy control value was 0.097. Fields were considered positive if one beet tested positive for BNYVV, but in most cases, all beets tested from a field were uniformly positive or uniformly negative. In addition, soil-baiting experiments were conducted on seven of the fields. Sugar beet seedlings were grown in soil mixed with equal parts of sand for 6 weeks and were subsequently tested using DAS-ELISA for BNYVV. Results matched those of the root sampling. Fields testing positive for BNYVV were widely dispersed within a 100 square mile (160 km2) area including portions of Gratiot, Saginaw, Tuscola, and Sanilac counties in the central and eastern portions of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The confirmation of rhizomania in sugar beet from the Great Lakes Region marks the last major American sugar beet production region to be diagnosed with rhizomania disease, nearly 20 years after its discovery in California (1). In 2002, there were approximately 185,000 acres (approximately 75,00 ha) of sugar beet grown in the Great Lakes Region, (Michigan, Ohio, and southern Ontario, Canada). The wide geographic distribution of infested fields within the Michigan growing area suggests the entire region should monitor for symptoms, increase rotation to nonhost crops, and consider planting rhizomania resistant sugar beet cultivars to infested fields. References:(1) J. E. Duffus et al. Plant Dis. 68:251, 1984. (2) J. E. Duffus. Rhizomania. Pages 29–30 in: Compendium of Beet Diseases and Insects, E. D. Whitney and J. E. Duffus eds. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1986. (3) G. C. Wisler et al. Plant Dis. 83:864, 1999.

Effects of Soil Properties on the Occurrence of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus and Beet Soilborne Virus on Sugar Beet in Tokat, Turkey

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazli Dide Kutlu ◽  
Yusuf Yanar . ◽  
Hikmet Gunal . ◽  
Semih Erkan .
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Yellow Vein

scholarly journals Pathogenetic roles of beet necrotic yellow vein virus RNA5 in the exacerbation of symptoms and yield reduction, development of scab‐like symptoms, and Rz1 ‐resistance breaking in sugar beet

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Tamada ◽  
Hirokatsu Uchino ◽  
Toshimi Kusume ◽  
Minako Iketani‐Saito ◽  
Sotaro Chiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Resistance Breaking ◽  
Exacerbation Of Symptoms

Metabolic disturbances in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) during infection with Beet necrotic yellow vein virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 101520
Author(s):  
Kimberly M. Webb ◽  
William M. Wintermantel ◽  
Lisa Wolfe ◽  
Linxing Yao ◽  
Laura Jenkins Hladky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances

scholarly journals Identification of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus P25 Pathogenicity Factor–Interacting Sugar Beet Proteins That Represent Putative Virus Targets or Components of Plant Resistance

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 999-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Thiel ◽  
Mark Varrelmann
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Yeast Two Hybrid ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Assay ◽  
Two Hybrid ◽  
Important Disease

Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) induces the most important disease threatening sugar beet. The growth of partially resistant hybrids carrying monogenic dominant resistance genes stabilize yield but are unable to entirely prevent virus infection and replication. P25 is responsible for symptom development and previous studies have shown that recently occurring resistance-breaking isolates possess increased P25 variability. To better understand the viral pathogenicity factor's interplay with plant proteins and to possibly unravel the molecular basis of sugar beet antivirus resistance, P25 was applied in a yeast two-hybrid screen of a resistant sugar beet cDNA library. This screen identified candidate proteins recognized as orthologues from other plant species which are known to be expressed following pathogen infection and involved in plant defense response. Most of the candidates potentially related to host-pathogen interactions were involved in the ubiquitylation process and plants response to stress, and were part of cell and metabolism components. The interaction of several candidate genes with P25 was confirmed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf cells by transient agrobacterium-mediated expression applying bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay. The putative functions of several of the candidates identified support previous findings and present first targets for understanding the BNYVV pathogenicity and antivirus resistance mechanism.

scholarly journals Specificity of TAS-ELISA for Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus and Its Application for Determining Rhizomania Resistance in Field-Grown Sugar Beets

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 864-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Wisler ◽  
R. T. Lewellen ◽  
J. L. Sears ◽  
H.-Y. Liu ◽  
J. E. Duffus
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Rhizomania Resistance

Levels of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), as measured by triple-antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA), were compared with biological evaluations in representative commercial and experimental sugar beet cultivars developed for production in the United States and ranging in their reactions to rhizomania from uniformly susceptible to highly resistant. TAS-ELISA was specific for BNYVV and did not react with related soilborne sugar beet viruses. Differences in absorbance (A405nm) values measured in eight cultivars closely correlated with the dosage and frequency of the Rz allele, which conditions resistance to BNYVV. A diploid (Rzrz) hybrid had a significantly lower absorbance value (less virus) than a similar triploid (Rzrzrz) hybrid. Cultivars that segregated (Rzrz:rzrz) had higher absorbance values than uniformly resistant (Rzrz) hybrids, as was expected. For all cultivars, absorbance values decreased as the season progressed. Absorbance value was significantly positively correlated with rhizomania disease index score and negatively correlated with individual root weight, plot root weight, and sugar yield. This information should be useful in resistance-breeding and -evaluation programs and in the sugar industry when considering cultivar choice, inoculum production, and future crop rotations.

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