Effects of pre-harvest glyphosate use on protein composition and shikimic acid accumulation in spring wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 332 ◽  
pp. 127422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maneka Malalgoda ◽  
Jae-Bom Ohm ◽  
Kirk A. Howatt ◽  
Andrew Green ◽  
Senay Simsek
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Acid Accumulation

Glyphosate Applied Preharvest Induces Shikimic Acid Accumulation in Hard Red Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (14) ◽  
pp. 4004-4007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail A. Bresnahan ◽  
Frank A. Manthey ◽  
Kirk A. Howatt ◽  
Monisha Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Acid Accumulation

Detection of Sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) Biotypes Resistant to Glyphosate in Brazil

Weed Science ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bianco de Carvalho ◽  
Hugo Cruz-Hipolito ◽  
Fidel González-Torralva ◽  
Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar Alves ◽  
Pedro Jacob Christoffoleti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Resistance Factor ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Perennial Weed ◽  
Perennial Crops ◽  
Spray Droplets ◽  
Acid Accumulation

Sourgrass is a perennial weed infesting annual and perennial crops in Brazil. Three biotypes (R1, R2, and R3) of sourgrass suspected to be glyphosate-resistant (R) and another one (S) from a natural area without glyphosate application, in Brazil, were tested for resistance to glyphosate based on screening, dose-response, and shikimic acid assays. Both screening and dose-response assays confirmed glyphosate resistance in the three sourgrass biotypes. Dose-response assay indicated a resistance factor of 2.3 for biotype R1 and 3.9 for biotypes R2 and R3. The hypothesis of a glyphosate resistance was corroborated on the basis of shikimic acid accumulation, where the S biotype accumulated 3.3, 5.0, and 5.7 times more shikimic acid than biotypes R1, R2, and R3, respectively, 168 h after treatment with 157.50 g ae ha−1of glyphosate. There were no differences in contact angle of spray droplets on leaves and spray retention, indicating that differential capture of herbicide by leaves was not responsible for resistance in these biotypes. The results confirmed resistance of sourgrass to glyphosate in Brazil.

Effects of Glyphosate on Shikimic Acid Accumulation in Tobacco Cell Cultures with Low and High Yields of Cinnamoyl Putrescines

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 210-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Berlin ◽  
Ludger Witte
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Shikimate Pathway ◽  
Tobacco Cell ◽  
Substrate Supply ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
High Yields

To study the flow of carbon through the shikimate pathway in tobacco cell cultures with low and high yields of cinnamoyl putrescines, the cell cultures were treated with glyphosate. In the presence of glyphosate the levels of free shikimic acid were increased more than 300-fold by both cell lines. Despite of a normally 10-fold higher level of cinnamoyl putrescines, the high yielding cell line accumulated only 25% more free shikimic acid than the low yielding cell line. This result together with earlier observations indicated that the increased formation of cinnamoyl putrescines was rather limited by the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase than by increased substrate supply caused by alterations in the shikimate pathway

Shikimic Acid Accumulation in Field-Grown Corn (Zea mays) Following Simulated Glyphosate Drift

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan W. Buehring ◽  
Joseph H. Massey ◽  
Daniel B. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Glyphosate Drift

scholarly journals Increased Activity of 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate Synthase (EPSPS) Enzyme Describe the Natural Tolerance of Vulpia myuros to Glyphosate in Comparison with Apera spica-venti

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Muhammad Javaid Akhter ◽  
Solvejg Kopp Mathiassen ◽  
Zelalem Eshetu Bekalu ◽  
Henrik Brinch-Pedersen ◽  
Per Kudsk
Keyword(s):  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Winter Annual ◽  
Natural Tolerance ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Rattail fescue (Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel.) is a self-pollinating winter annual grassy weed of winter annual crops. The problems with V. myuros are mostly associated with no-till cropping systems where glyphosate application before sowing or emergence of the crop is the most important control measure. Ineffective V. myuros control has been reported following glyphosate applications. Experiments were performed to study the effectiveness of glyphosate on V. myuros, and determine the causes of the lower performance of glyphosate on V. myuros compared to other grass weeds. Estimated GR50 values demonstrated that V. myuros was less susceptible to glyphosate than Apera spica-venti regardless of the growth stage. Within each species, glyphosate efficacy at different growth stages was closely related to spray retention. However, the low susceptibility to glyphosate in V. myuros was not caused by lower retention as previously suggested. A significantly lower shikimic acid accumulation in V. myuros compared to A. spica-venti was associated with a higher activity of the EPSPS enzyme in V. myuros. Nevertheless, the relative responses in EPSPS activity to different glyphosate concentrations were similar in the two grass species, which indicate that EPSPS from V. myuros is as susceptible to glyphosate as EPSPS from A. spica-venti suggesting no alternation in the binding site of EPSPS. The results from the current study indicate that V. myuros is less susceptible to glyphosate compared to A. spica-venti, and the low susceptibility of V. myuros is caused by an increased EPSPS enzyme activity.

Yield and Physiological Response of Flue-Cured Tobacco to Simulated Glyphosate Drift

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. Burke ◽  
Walter E. Thomas ◽  
Wendy A. Pline-Srnić ◽  
Loren R. Fisher ◽  
W. David Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Response ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Glyphosate Drift ◽  
Grade Index

Field trials were conducted in 2001 at the Tobacco Research Station near Oxford, NC, and in 2002 at the Lower Coastal Plains Research Station near Kinston, NC, to determine tobacco yield, injury, and shikimic acid accumulation in response to simulated glyphosate drift. Glyphosate was applied to 12- to 13-cm-high tobacco ‘K326’ early postemergence at 0, 9, 18, 35, 70, 140, 280, 560, and 1,120 (1×) g ai/ha. Crop injury was rated 7 and 35 d after treatment (DAT) and shikimic acid accumulation in leaves at 7 DAT, tobacco yield, and leaf grade index (whole-plant index of harvest interval leaf value) were also assessed. Shikimic acid accumulation and injury symptoms increased similarly as glyphosate rate increased. Glyphosate rates of 140 g/ha (0.125 of recommended rate) or higher resulted in significant crop injury, reduced tobacco yield, and decreased leaf grade index. Shikimic acid accumulation at 7 DAT was inversely related to tobacco yield. Shikimic acid accumulation was found to be an effective diagnostic tool to determine glyphosate drift in tobacco; however, in-season data are needed to correlate shikimic acid accumulation with yield loss.

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