“The Yalu River Era of Developing Asia”: Japanese Expertise, Colonial Power, and the Construction of Sup'ung Dam

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Stephen Moore
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Yalu River

Through investigating the construction of one of Japan's largest infrastructure projects during the Sino-Japanese War (1937–45), this article examines the formation of a technocratic regime of colonial development expertise that was an important pillar of Japanese imperial rule and continued to have powerful effects throughout postwar Asia. It analyzes how a particular form of technical expertise and the wider discourse of “Scientific Japan” as the modernizer of Asia were legitimated and naturalized, as well as how they operated as a system of colonial power. Japan and other East Asian regimes after the war continued to invoke forms of technocratic expertise with origins in the colonial era as part of their state-led development programs, often with adverse effects on their populations. Thus this article concludes that there is a continuing need to critique, historicize, and denaturalize such regimes of expertise invoked by networks of bureaucrats, businessmen, engineers, and experts.

scholarly journals Representasi Pribumi Dalam Njai Dasima Versi Th. Manusama

ATAVISME ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Yulitin Sungkowati
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Power ◽  
Politics Of Identity ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Material Goods

Nyai Dasima story accurately reflects some problems deal with the politics of identity and the complexity of relation between colonized. The politics of identity strategy which is implemented by colonizers could be traced in literary works. Th. Manusama Njai Dasima that is written in colonial era reflects its strategy in the representation of pribumi or 'native' as a villainous and greedy character. Claiming for Islamic value, the native is portrayed as a bandit who greedily holds up the white's wealth. The natives are also depicted easily killing each other merely due to material goods. In order to influence the readers, colonizers strive to destroy the native reputation and Islamic value. As a part of colonialist, Th. Manusama, as a part of the colonizer, has an intention to enhance the hegemonic colonial power by represents that the natives voluntarily accept colonial power by represents that the natives voluntarily accept colonialism.

scholarly journals An East Asian Approach to Rural Development: A Comparative of the Saemaul Undong and FELDA Programs

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-98
Author(s):  
Nurliana Kamaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
National Development ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Federal Land ◽  
Northeast Asian

The study of East Asia has generally focused on its national development experience with emphasis given to industrial urban-based growth. However, the region has also been credited for impressive rural growth due to the Northeast Asian land reform and overall investment for a Green Revolution by states. Less emphasis has been given to a comparative exploration of different rural development programs that existed. Studies on rural development programs within the region have been diverse with case-specific perspectives, rather than in accordance with a unified conceptualization of what it means to have successful rural development. This article attempts to address that gap by evaluating two cases, the South Korean Saemaul Undong and the Malaysian Federal Land Development Authority (FELDA). It applies three different development perspectives; the neoliberal approach, the developmental state approach, and the humancentered approach, to determine the degree to which these programs can be considered successful. An East Asian conceptualization of successful rural development is identified based on an emphasis on government capacity, grassroots participation, a shared mentality for national development and a prioritization on building human capital.

scholarly journals The benefits and limitations of using cricket as a sport for development tool in Samoa

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Khoo ◽  
Nico Schulenkorf ◽  
Daryl Adair
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Development Tool ◽  
Sport For Development ◽  
Key Stakeholders

This study investigates benefits and challenges associated with the use of sport – in this case cricket – as a community development tool in Samoa. This Pacific Island nation, like others in the region, has been the focus of various development programs in the post-colonial era, with developed economy neighbours like Australia and New Zealand providing aid funding. Some of that has involved sport as a development tool, underpinned either by funding from the national government, foreign aid agencies, or a combination of both. The present paper, by focusing on a cricket for development (CFD) program in Samoa, aims to explore outcomes and limitations associated with the use of sport as a community engagement tool. The paper pursues that goal by examining the activities of relevant sport and government organisations, and – most crucially – it interviews key stakeholders involved in the CFD process in Samoa. In short, the prime purpose of this paper is to identify and interpret – from the perspective of locals – whether the CFD program has brought benefits to Samoan communities, and the challenges and limitations they see thus far. This is important because, to date, there has been an absence of qualitative inquiry into the efficacy of sport for development (SFD) programs in Samoa, and very limited research in a Pacific Islands context.

scholarly journals Traditional Institutions and Socio-economic Development in Nigeria: A Critical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-552
Author(s):  
Bolaji Omitola ◽  
Olawale Olufemi Akinrinde ◽  
Adetola Omitola
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Intelligence Gathering ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The People ◽  
Traditional Institutions

Traditional institutions held pre-eminence positions in the pre-colonial societies in Nigeria. The level of order witnessed during this period was a testimony to the invaluable roles played by the traditional rulers in administering their different empires, kingdoms and communities. However, during the colonial era, the position of traditional rulers was compromised as they became mere stooges of the colonial power. The post-colonial period saw the traditional rulers’ roles diminished as they were given advisory roles in previous constitutions and with no single role in the 1999 Constitution. Thus, for the continuous relevance of the traditional institutions, there is a need for re-examination of their roles in the country. This chapter argues for community based developmental roles for the traditional rulers in the country. These include promotion of tourism development, encouraging modern agricultural development, maintenance of peaceful co-existence among the people of their domain and settlers from other parts of the country, providing platform for alternative dispute resolution, monitoring the activities of the various vigilante groups and other unconventional security apparatus in their communities and lastly partnering the security operatives through intelligence gathering within their domains for effective operations of security outfits in serving the people better.

scholarly journals Adoption, diffusion and appropriation of double entry book-keeping in Mexico and Spain

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Batiz Lazo ◽  
J. Julián Hernández Borreguero ◽  
J. Carles Maixé Altés ◽  
Miriam Nuñez Torrado
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
New Spain ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Accounting Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
Double Entry

<span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">There are conflicting and even contradictory claims as to when exactly double entry bookkeeping arrived to New Spain as well as its diffusion during the colonial era. Although we fail to present evidence from Mexican private enterprise, we address the apparent contradictions while putting forward the idea that the history of “modern” accounting practice in Latin America should be framed by developments in its former colonial power. Our conclusion is that the history of Latin American accounting should be wary of extrapolating everyday practice by interpreting bibliographic material and proceed to pay greater attention to the appropriation of accounting technology through the examination of surviving company documents as well as informal educational practices amongst organizations based in Spain and its colonies.</span>

scholarly journals Evaluasi Implementasi Masterplan Kawasan Agropolitan Ciwidey Menggunakan Logic Models

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Isnaeni Agustina ◽  
A. Artiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Logic Models ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Area Development

The rural development should be encouraged to reduce inequalities in urban and rural areas, including through the program of agropolitan area development. The government of Bandung District has compiled the Masterplan of Agropolitan Ciwidey in 2007, implemented in 2008-2012, and evaluated in 2013-2016. This study aims to find out the performance of the Ciwidey’s agropolitan development programs and activities. The study was conducted using logic models analysis that describes the input, output, outcome, and impact on a diagram and then described using causality description. The findings address that the development program of Ciwidey agropolitan has the positive impacts for physical and social characteristics, while it has adverse effects for economic characteristics. This study recommends that the robust support from the institutional of agribusiness activity is needed to develop an agropolitan area.

scholarly journals Penetration of Dutch Colonial Power Against the Sultanate of Jambi, 1615-1904

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Budi Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Local People ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Colonial Expansion ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Dutch Colonial

The arrival of the Dutch in Jambi gave the impression of almost coincidence because Jambi was not familiar and not a large sultanate in Sumatra compared to Aceh. Even Jambi as a relatively small and unimportant kingdom in the 19th century. However, during the colonial era, some penetrations made to the Sultanate of Jambi. This study examines several factors that caused resistance from the rulers and local people of Jambi against the Dutch colonial power. By using a historical method that emphasized on the secondary sources, this study identifies those factors to make penetration. It shows that economic factors in which the Dutch monopoly trading system is not acceptable to the rulers and local people. It is detrimental and contrary to freedom of trade. Meanwhile, colonial expansion is contrary to the ethical principles they profess. In addition, the failure of the Jambi sultanate had the weakness of their political institutions in facing Dutch colonial penetration. The weakness of their political institutions is influenced by the poor main foundation of the empire and the values of the royal tradition.

Freedom of Repression

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL RAE
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Male Production ◽  
The South ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Popular Support ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
City State ◽  
Do So

Too programmatic an opposition to censorship fails to account for the nuanced justifications and popular support that underwrite some of the world's most refined censorship regimes. In this article, I argue that in order to do so, we need to place freedom, repression, regulation, expression and productivity in a more dynamic relationship than conventional critics of censorship are generally willing to entertain. By way of example, I examine theatre censorship in Singapore. The South East Asian city state inherited draconian colonial-era censorship regulations from the British, which it variously amends, rescinds and refines on a regular basis through a combination of negotiation, government review and, increasingly, public participation. I explore several examples, including an all-male production of Oscar Wilde's The Importance of Being Earnest (1895), which triggered a range of local and international responses, thereby exemplifying the complex historical, political and aesthetic dynamics of censorship in a highly globalized environment.

‘Winning the Peace’: The Chinese Maritime Customs Service, foreign technocrats, and planning the rehabilitation of post-war China, 1943–1945

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Jiayi Tao
Keyword(s):  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
Service Employees ◽  
Chinese State ◽  
Post War ◽  
Unequal Treaties ◽  
Nationalist Government

Abstract Through the lens of the multinational staff of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service (CMCS), this article argues that a technocratic programme of reconstruction evolved in the Nationalist government's wartime efforts on post-war planning, which refashioned a cadre of foreign (semi-)colonial-era experts into technocrats serving a sovereign state. This episode, in which the weakened Customs Service reclaimed its significance for the Chinese state, occurred in China's wartime capital, Chongqing. After the abrogation of the so-called ‘unequal treaties’ with foreign powers in January 1943, China entered a post-treaty era, and the question of retaining long-serving foreign Customs Service employees perplexed Nationalist leaders. Eventually, China's huge post-war need for foreign expertise, networks, and imports led to a moderate staff reorganization of the CMCS, with foreign technocrats being kept on and other bureaucrats either shifted to advisory positions or being forced to retire. Technical expertise provided a new guise for the European and American presence in post-imperialist China. Taking the rehabilitation of coastal lighthouses as an example, this article demonstrates the significance of foreign technocrats to the Chinese state during the last phase of the Sino-Japanese War and in its immediate aftermath. In showing the ambition and preparations of the Nationalist government for a post-war era, this article corrects a narrative of an all-out collapse of the Nationalist government from the mid-1940s. The wartime evolution of the Customs Service further highlights the growing importance of technocrats in the decolonizing world.

scholarly journals Development of infrastructure funds for the mobilization of private capital for of the infrastructure projects implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 10026
Author(s):  
Salima Makhosheva ◽  
Irina Polyakova ◽  
Igor Merzlikin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Institutional Investors ◽  
Private Equity ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Private Investors

The purpose of this work is to prove the expediency and efficiency of the development of infrastructure funds for the attraction of private equity for the infrastructure projects implementation. Statistics, readiness of institutional investors to invest money in infrastructure, the key risks which exist in the country in this sphere are studied by the authors. The need for the reliable professional partner who could be presented by infrastructure funds is revealed. The authors consider the benefits of infrastructure funds for the attraction of capitals from private investors, for providing them with guarantees and for the increase in their activity in the market. As the predictable result the infrastructure funds are capable to provide missing financing for the development of infrastructure of the country, regions, municipal units. The conclusions received by the authors within their research can be used when developing economic policy of the country, when developing investment policy and the strategy of the country, when developing development programs of infrastructure of regions of the Russian Federation, the certain cities and regions of the country.

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