The Wellcome Trust Lecture

Parasitology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 98 (S1) ◽  
pp. S19-S28 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Helminth Parasite ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Modern Biology ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Human Parasite ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Developed World

AbstractThe modern biology era in which molecular analyses dominate and immunology, cell biology and molecular genetics are prominent, has created unprecedented opportunities for the vaccine developer. The need for new and improved vaccines against many infectious disease agents is also great, no more so than for the protozoan and helminth parasite scourges of the rural poor in the tropical, less-industrially developed world. Despite the opportunities and needs, no vaccine against any human parasite yet exists nor does any molecular vaccine against any parasite; this chapter is a general discussion on the reasons for this state of affairs that assuredly will change soon.

Introduction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-544
Author(s):  
W. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Gene Mapping ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Gene Activity ◽  
Close Connection ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Simple Systems

In comparison to many other fields of ultrastructural research in Cell Biology, the successful exploration of genes and gene activity with the electron microscope in higher organisms is a late conquest. Nucleic acid molecules of Prokaryotes could be successfully visualized already since the early sixties, thanks to the Kleinschmidt spreading technique - and much basic information was obtained concerning the shape, length, molecular weight of viral, mitochondrial and chloroplast nucleic acid. Later, additonal methods revealed denaturation profiles, distinction between single and double strandedness and the use of heteroduplexes-led to gene mapping of relatively simple systems carried out in close connection with other methods of molecular genetics.

Toxoplasma as a Model Apicomplexan Parasite: Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Molecular Genetics, Genomics and Beyond

2000 ◽  
pp. 143-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Roos ◽  
John A. Darling ◽  
Mary G. Reynolds ◽  
Kristin M. Hager ◽  
Boris Striepen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Apicomplexan Parasite

Community-Acquired Pneumonia

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
George F. Mabeza ◽  
◽  
Mike J. Ward ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
Immunocompetent Adult ◽  
Developed World

Pneumonia causes more deaths than any other infectious disease in the developed world. Patients who develop pneumonia in the community therefore require early recognition, targeted investigation and specific treatment. We outline a practical approach to assessing and managing the immunocompetent adult presenting with a community- acquired pneumonia to the emergency department.

Controls of Hair Follicle Cycling

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 449-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Stenn ◽  
R. Paus
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Modern Biology ◽  
Hair Follicle Growth

Nearly 50 years ago, Chase published a review of hair cycling in which he detailed hair growth in the mouse and integrated hair biology with the biology of his day. In this review we have used Chase as our model and tried to put the adult hair follicle growth cycle in perspective. We have tried to sketch the adult hair follicle cycle, as we know it today and what needs to be known. Above all, we hope that this work will serve as an introduction to basic biologists who are looking for a defined biological system that illustrates many of the challenges of modern biology: cell differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, stem cell biology, pattern formation, apoptosis, cell and organ growth cycles, and pigmentation. The most important theme in studying the cycling hair follicle is that the follicle is a regenerating system. By traversing the phases of the cycle (growth, regression, resting, shedding, then growth again), the follicle demonstrates the unusual ability to completely regenerate itself. The basis for this regeneration rests in the unique follicular epithelial and mesenchymal components and their interactions. Recently, some of the molecular signals making up these interactions have been defined. They involve gene families also found in other regenerating systems such as fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, Wnt pathway, Sonic hedgehog, neurotrophins, and homeobox. For the immediate future, our challenge is to define the molecular basis for hair follicle growth control, to regenerate a mature hair follicle in vitro from defined populations, and to offer real solutions to our patients' problems.

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