The spectra of Fredholm operators in locally convex spaces

1964 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Olagunju ◽  
T. T. West
Keyword(s):  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Trace Class ◽  
Locally Convex Space ◽  
Fredholm Operators ◽  
Negative Real Axis ◽  
Interesting Special Case ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Locally Convex ◽  
Special Case ◽  
General Banach Space

1. Notation and definitions. In this paper necessary and sufficient conditions are found for the spectrum of a Fredholm operator in a locally convex space (always taken to be Hausdorff) to lie on the non-negative real axis of the complex plane. Some results of Grothendieck(2) allow us to obtain the results in this general form; an interesting special case is the trace-class of operators in a general Banach space. We also deal with the case of Hilbert–Schmidt operators in a Hilbert space.

Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for the Equality of L(f) and l1

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed Deeb
Keyword(s):  
Banach Space ◽  
Convex Space ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Dimensional Subspace ◽  
Locally Convex Space ◽  
Natural Question ◽  
Infinite Dimensional ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Locally Convex ◽  
Infinite Dimensional Subspace

Introduction. Let f be a modulus, ei = (δij) and E = {ei, i = 1, 2, …}. The L(f) spaces were created (to the best of our knowledge) by W. Ruckle in [2] in order to construct an example to answer a question of A. Wilansky. It turned out that these spaces are interesting spaces. For example lp, 0 < p ≦ 1 is an L(f) space with f(x) = xp, and every FK space contains an L(f) space [2]. A natural question is: For which f is L(f) a locally convex space? It is known that L(f) ⊆ l1, for all f modulus (see [2]), and l1 is the smallest locally convex FK space in which E is bounded (see [1]). Thus the question becomes: For which f does L(f) equal l1? In this paper we characterize such f. (An FK space need not be locally convex here.) We also characterize those f for which L(f) contains a convex ball. The final result of this paper is to show that if f satisfies f(x · y) ≦ f(x) · f(y) and L(f) ≠ l1 then L(f) contains no infinite dimensional subspace isomorphic to a Banach space.

PBW deformations of quantum symmetric algebras and their group extensions

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 1650049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyush Shroff ◽  
Sarah Witherspoon
Keyword(s):  
Finite Group ◽  
Lie Algebra ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Group Extensions ◽  
Enveloping Algebra ◽  
Symmetric Algebras ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Special Case

We examine PBW deformations of finite group extensions of quantum symmetric algebras, in particular the quantum Drinfeld orbifold algebras defined by the first author. We give a homological interpretation, in terms of Gerstenhaber brackets, of the necessary and sufficient conditions on parameter functions to define a quantum Drinfeld orbifold algebra, thus clarifying the conditions. In case the acting group is trivial, we determine conditions under which such a PBW deformation is a generalized enveloping algebra of a color Lie algebra; our PBW deformations include these algebras as a special case.

A model for interaction of a Poisson and a renewal process and its relation with queuing theory

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Råde
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Process ◽  
Renewal Process ◽  
Queuing Theory ◽  
Random Number ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Stieltjes Transform ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Response Process ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Special Case

This paper discusses the response process when a Poisson process interacts with a renewal process in such a way that one or more points of the Poisson process eliminate a random number of consecutive points of the renewal process. A queuing situation is devised such that the c.d.f. of the length of the busy period is the same as the c.d.f. of the length of time intervals of the renewal response process. The Laplace-Stieltjes transform is obtained and from this the expectation of the time intervals of the response process is derived. For a special case necessary and sufficient conditions for the response process to be a Poisson process are found.

scholarly journals Characterizations and Identities for Isosceles Triangular Numbers

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-395
Author(s):  
Jiramate Punpim ◽  
Somphong Jitman
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Triangular Numbers ◽  
Triangular Number ◽  
Recursive Formulas ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Positive Integers ◽  
Special Case

Triangular numbers have been of interest and continuously studied due to their beautiful representations, nice properties, and various links with other figurate numbers. For positive integers n and l, the nth l-isosceles triangular number is a generalization of triangular numbers defined to be the arithmetic sum of the formT(n, l) = 1 + (1 + l) + (1 + 2l) + · · · + (1 + (n − 1)l).In this paper, we focus on characterizations and identities for isosceles triangular numbers as well as their links with other figurate numbers. Recursive formulas for constructions of isosceles triangular numbers are given together with necessary and sufficient conditions for a positive integer to be a sum of isosceles triangular  numbers. Various identities for isosceles triangular numbers are established. Results on triangular numbers can be viewed as a special case.

On the Integral Extensions of Quadratic Forms Over Local Fields

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin Band
Keyword(s):  
Prime Ideal ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Quadratic Forms ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Local Fields ◽  
Ring Of Integers ◽  
Finite Dimensional ◽  
Integral Analogue ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Special Case

Let F be a local field with ring of integers and unique prime ideal (p). Suppose that V a finite-dimensional regular quadratic space over F, W and W′ are two isometric subspaces of V (i.e. τ: W → W′ is an isometry from W to W′). By the well-known Witt's Theorem, τ can always be extended to an isometry σ ∈ O(V).The integral analogue of this theorem has been solved over non-dyadic local fields by James and Rosenzweig [2], over the 2-adic fields by Trojan [4], and partially over the dyadics by Hsia [1], all for the special case that W is a line. In this paper we give necessary and sufficient conditions that two arbitrary dimensional subspaces W and W′ are integrally equivalent over non-dyadic local fields.

Completeness of the L1-space of closed vector measures

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner J. Ricker
Keyword(s):  
Uniform Convergence ◽  
Convex Space ◽  
Vector Measure ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Locally Convex Space ◽  
Vector Measures ◽  
Locally Convex

The notion of a closed vector measure m, due to I. Kluv´;nek, is by now well established. Its importance stems from the fact that if the locally convex space X in which m assumes its values is sequentially complete, then m is closed if and only if its L1-space is complete for the topology of uniform convergence of indefinite integrals. However, there are important examples of X-valued measures where X is not sequentially complete. Sufficient conditions guaranteeing the completeness of L1(m) for closed X-valued measures m are presented without the requirement that X be sequentially complete.

Interpolation in Separable Frechet Spaces with Applications to Spaces of Analytic Functions

1975 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1110-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Gauthier ◽  
Lee A. Rubel
Keyword(s):  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Fréchet Space ◽  
Complex Numbers ◽  
Frechet Space ◽  
Fréchet Spaces ◽  
Continuous Linear Functional ◽  
Interpolating Sequence ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Locally Convex ◽  
Spaces Of Analytic Functions

Let E be a separable Fréchet space, and let E* be its topological dual space. We recall that a Fréchet space is, by definition, a complete metrizable locally convex topological vector space. A sequence {Ln} of continuous linear functional is said to be interpolating if for every sequence {An} of complex numbers, there exists an ƒ ∈ E such that Ln(ƒ) = An for n = 1, 2, 3, … . In this paper, we give necessary and sufficient conditions that {Ln} be an interpolating sequence. They are different from the conditions in [2] and don't seem to be easily interderivable with them.

Generalization of the basis property on finite groups

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150111
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Al-Dayel ◽  
Ahmad Al Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Finite Group ◽  
Finite Groups ◽  
Frobenius Group ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Basis Property ◽  
Generating Set ◽  
Equivalent Basis ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Minimal Generating Set

A group [Formula: see text] has the Basis Property if every subgroup [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] has an equivalent basis (minimal generating set). We studied a special case of the finite group with the Basis Property, when [Formula: see text]-group [Formula: see text] is an abelian group. We found the necessary and sufficient conditions on an abelian [Formula: see text]-group [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] with the Basis Property to be kernel of Frobenius group.

Projections and embeddings of locally convex operator spaces and their duals

1984 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan H. Fourie ◽  
William H. Ruckle
Keyword(s):  
Dual Space ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Linear Operators ◽  
Locally Convex Spaces ◽  
Continuous Linear ◽  
Operator Spaces ◽  
Complemented Subspace ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Locally Convex ◽  
Continuous Linear Operators

AbstractLet E, F be Hausdorff locally convex spaces. In this note we consider conditions on E and F such that the dual space of the space Kb (E, F) (of quasi-compact operators) is a complemented subspace of the dual space of Lb (E, F) (of continuous linear operators). We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for Lb(E, F) to be semi-reflexive.

scholarly journals A quadratic ARCH(∞) model with long memory and Lévy stable behavior of squares

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 1198-1222
Author(s):  
Donatas Surgailis
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Solution ◽  
Long Memory ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Partial Sums ◽  
Finite Variance ◽  
Fourth Moment ◽  
Stable Limit ◽  
Arch Model ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Special Case

We introduce a modification of the linear ARCH (LARCH) model (Giraitis, Robinson, and Surgailis (2000)) - a special case of Sentana's (1995) quadratic ARCH (QARCH) model - for which the conditional variance is a sum of a positive constant and the square of an inhomogeneous linear combination of past observations. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a stationary solution with finite variance are obtained. We give conditions under which the stationary solution with infinite fourth moment can exhibit long memory, the leverage effect, and a Lévy-stable limit behavior of partial sums of squares.

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