The Identification of Accelerated Coagulability

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Caprini ◽  
L. Zuckerman ◽  
E. Cohen ◽  
J.P. Vagher ◽  
V. Lipp
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
New Method ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Coagulation Tests ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Incorrect Classification

This report describes a new method for comparing overall clotting characteristics between normal individuals and those with proven malignancy using thrombelastographic (TEG) comparison of native and celite-activated specimens. Native whole blood TEG, celite-activated TEG, and standard coagulation tests were performed on the same blood collection in 90 normals and 90 patients with new malignancies and the results were used to derive a discriminate equation This equation classified correctly all 90 normals and 88 out of 90 cancer patients. The formulation was verified with an additional 82 patients with only one incorrect classification in the 31 cancer subjects. The standard coagulation tests did not discriminate without significant overlap between cancer patients and normals. The high degree of discrimination obtained with our TEG analysis provides a new tool to compare individual clotting differences that may have important clinical applications. However, the results cannot be extrapolated to selectively identify those with malignancy among the general population since many other stimuli may produce accelerated coagulability. This analysis does provide identification of accelerated coagulability in association with new malignancies.

scholarly journals Next-generation rapid serum tube technology using prothrombin activator coagulant: fast, high-quality serum from normal samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kong-Nan Zhao ◽  
Goce Dimeski ◽  
John de Jersey ◽  
Lambro A. Johnson ◽  
Michael Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Rapid Generation ◽  
Blood Collection Tubes

AbstractBackgroundIncomplete blood clotting or latent clotting in serum is a common laboratory problem, especially for patients on anticoagulant therapy or when serum tubes are centrifuged before clotting is completed. We describe a novel approach to producing high-quality serum using snake venom prothrombin activator complex (OsPA) as an additive in blood collection tubes for non-anticoagulated (normal) individuals.MethodsPlasma clotting assays were performed using a Hyland-Clotek instrument. Blood clotting was visually observed, and thromboelastography was also performed to determine the important parameters of coagulation. Thrombin generation was assayed using the chromogenic substrate S-2238, and biochemical analytes in the serum were determined on chemistry and immunoassay analysers. Fibrinogen was determined by either ELISA or Clauss fibrinogen assay.ResultsWe initially showed that OsPA had strong coagulation activity in clotting not only recalcified citrated plasma and recalcified citrated whole blood, but also fresh whole blood in a clinical setting. The use of TEG clearly showed improved speed of clotting and generation of a firmer clot. We also showed that the use of OsPA to produce serum did not interfere with the determination of commonly measured biochemical analytes. The underlying clotting mechanism involves a burst of thrombin production at the initial stages of the clotting process upon contact with prothrombin in blood.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate rapid generation of high-quality serum, contributing to faster turnaround times with standardised quality samples, for accurate analyte determinations in normal individuals.

Stability of antioxidant vitamins in whole human blood during overnight storage at 4°C and frozen storage up to 6 months

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott W. Leonard ◽  
Gerd Bobe ◽  
Maret G. Traber
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sample Handling

Abstract. To determine optimal conditions for blood collection during clinical trials, where sample handling logistics might preclude prompt separation of erythrocytes from plasma, healthy subjects (n=8, 6 M/2F) were recruited and non-fasting blood samples were collected into tubes containing different anticoagulants (ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA), Li-heparin or Na-heparin). We hypothesized that heparin, but not EDTA, would effectively protect plasma tocopherols, ascorbic acid, and vitamin E catabolites (α- and γ-CEHC) from oxidative damage. To test this hypothesis, one set of tubes was processed immediately and plasma samples were stored at −80°C, while the other set was stored at 4°C and processed the following morning (~30 hours) and analyzed, or the samples were analyzed after 6 months of storage. Plasma ascorbic acid, as measured using HPLC with electrochemical detection (LC-ECD) decreased by 75% with overnight storage using EDTA as an anticoagulant, but was unchanged when heparin was used. Neither time prior to processing, nor anticoagulant, had any significant effects upon plasma α- or γ-tocopherols or α- or γ-CEHC concentrations. α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations remained unchanged after 6 months of storage at −80°C, when measured using either LC-ECD or LC/mass spectrometry. Thus, refrigeration of whole blood at 4°C overnight does not change plasma α- or γ-tocopherol concentrations or their catabolites. Ascorbic acid is unstable in whole blood when EDTA is used as an anticoagulant, but when whole blood is collected with heparin, it can be stored overnight and subsequently processed.

scholarly journals Quality of life in urologic cancer patients: importance of and satisfaction with specific quality of life domains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Leuteritz ◽  
Diana Richter ◽  
Anja Mehnert-Theuerkauf ◽  
Jens-Uwe Stolzenburg ◽  
Andreas Hinz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Related Qol ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Importance Ratings ◽  
Subjective Importance

Abstract Purpose Quality of life (QoL) has been the subject of increasing interest in oncology. Most examinations of QoL have focused on health-related QoL, while other factors often remain unconsidered. Moreover, QoL questionnaires implicitly assume that the subjective importance of the various QoL domains is identical from one patient to the next. The aim of this study was to analyze QoL in a broader sense, considering the subjective importance of the QoL components. Methods A sample of 173 male urologic patients was surveyed twice: once while hospitalized (t1) and once again 3 months later (t2). Patients completed the Questions on Life Satisfaction questionnaire (FLZ-M), which includes satisfaction and importance ratings for eight dimensions of QoL. A control group was taken from the general population (n = 477). Results Health was the most important QoL dimension for both the patient and the general population groups. While satisfaction with health was low in the patient group, the satisfaction ratings of the other seven domains were higher in the patient group than in the general population. The satisfaction with the domain partnership/sexuality showed a significant decline from t1 to t2. Multiple regression analyses showed that the domains health and income contributed most strongly to the global QoL score at t2 in the patient group. Conclusion Health is not the only relevant category when assessing QoL in cancer patients; social relationships and finances are pertinent as well. Importance ratings contribute to a better understanding of the relevance of the QoL dimensions for the patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of Donkey (Equus asinus africanus) Whole Blood Stored in CPDA-1 and CPD/SAG-M Blood Bags

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Isabella Oliveira Barros ◽  
Rejane Santos Sousa ◽  
Marcondes Dias Tavares ◽  
Renato Otaviano Rêgo ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Firmino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Equus Asinus ◽  
Citrate Phosphate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Phosphate

Hemotherapy using whole blood and its components is being increasingly used in veterinary therapy. Since it is important to store animal blood while maintaining acceptable hematological, blood gas, and biochemical characteristics, increasing our knowledge of available technologies for strategic blood storage is imperative. Thus, we aimed to assess the hematological, blood gas, and biochemical changes in donkey whole blood using blood bags with two different types of storage agents. Eight adult healthy male donkeys were used; 900 mL of blood was collected from each, with 450 mL stored in citrate-phosphate-dextrose and adenine bags (CPDA-1) and 450 mL stored in bags containing citrate-phosphate-dextrose, adenine, mannitol, and sodium chloride (CPD/SAG-M). Both bags were kept refrigerated between 1 and 6 °C for 42 days. Blood samples were removed from the bags eight times (T): T0 (immediately after blood collection), T1, T3, T7, T14, T21, T35, and T42 (1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 35 and 42 days after storage). Hematological, blood gas, biochemical, and microbiological parameters were assessed. The CPDA-1 bags had a higher packed cell volume when compared to CPD/ SAG-M. The red blood cell count reduced by around 19% in both the bags due to hemolysis, which was confirmed by an increase in plasma hemoglobin. The white blood cell count; pH; concentrations of glucose, sodium, bicarbonate, and 2,3 diphosphoglycerate were reduced in both bags. Meanwhile, pO2, pCO2, lactate dehydrogenase, and levels of potassium increased in the CPDA-1 and CPD/SAG-M bags. Blood bags were efficient for the storage of donkey blood for up to 42 days.

THE EFFECT OF EARLY BLOOD TRANSFUSION ON THE OUTCOME OF GASTROINTESTINAL HAEMORRHAGE

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
S D Blair ◽  
S B Javanvrin ◽  
C N McCollum ◽  
R M Greenhalgh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Prospective Randomised Trial ◽  
Coagulation Tests ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

It has been suggested that mortality due to upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage may be reduced by restricting blood transfusion [1], We have assessed whether this is due to an anticoagulant effect in a prospective randomised trial.One hundred patients with severe, acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage were randomised to receive either at least 2 units of blood during the first 24 hours of admission, or no blood unless their haemaglobin was lessthan 8g/dl or they were shocked. Minor bleeds and varices were excluded As hypercoagulation cannot be measured using conventional coagulation tests, fresh whole blood coagulation was measured by the Biobridge Impedance Clotting Time (ICT). Coagulation was assessed at 24 hour intervals and compared to age matched controls with the results expressed as mean ± sem.The ICT on admission for the transfusion group (n=50) was 3.2±0.2 mins compared to 10±0.2 mins in controls. This hyper-coagulable state was partially reversed to 6.4±0.3 mins at 24 hours (p<0.001). The 50 allocated to receive no blood had a similar ICT on admission of 4.4±0.4 mins but the hypercoagulable state was maintained with ICT at 24 hours of 4.320.4 mins. Only 2 patients not transfused rebled compared to 15 in the early transfusion group (p<0.001). Five patients died, and they were all in the early transfusion group.These findings show there is a hypercoagulable response to haemorrhage which is partially reversed by blood transfusion leading to rebleeding

scholarly journals THE IRON CONTENT OF THE WHOLE BLOOD OF NORMAL INDIVIDUALS

1934 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
O.M. Helmer ◽  
Charles P. Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Normal Individuals

scholarly journals CELL RESPIRATION STUDIES

1927 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Blake C. Wilbur ◽  
Geneva A. Daland ◽  
John Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Closed Space ◽  
Cell Respiration ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Tissue Cells

A description is given of a closed space respiration apparatus which can be used to determine the amount of gas used or liberated by living blood or tissue cells, or chemical substances. Continuous observations can be made and repeated measurements recorded without interrupting the vital processes or destroying the cells. Studies of the oxygen consumption by whole blood in normal individuals and in patients with leucocytosis and myelogenous leucemia, as well as by white cells suspended in plasma, will be reported in subsequent papers.

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