Comparative Laboratory Studies of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and Soyabean (Glycine max) Under Tropical Temperature Conditions

1975 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Ndunguru ◽  
R. J. Summerfield
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Temperature Conditions

scholarly journals Efeito da temperatura na germinação de sementes de vigna, feijoeiro e soja

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 575-583
Author(s):  
P.R.C. Castro ◽  
A. Archila ◽  
F.F.A. Aguiar ◽  
M.de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata

Estudou-se em condições controladas, o efeito das temperaturas de 14, 21 e 28°C na germinação de três cultivares de Vigna unguiculata, Phaseolus vulgaris e Glycine max. As sementes foram acondicionadas em placas de Petri com algodão e papel de filtro , mantidos sob alta umidade. Maior germinação foi observada a 21°C em relação as temperaturas de 14 e 28°C, para os cultivares de vigna, feijoeiro e soja. Melhor germinação foi apresentada pelos cultivares de feijoeiro Carioca e Goiano Precoce, seguidos pelo feijoeiro 'Rosinha' , vigna ' EPACE 1' e soja 'Davis' a 21ºC. Os cultivares de vigna, adaptados a altas temperaturas, apresentaram problemas na germinação a 14ºC. Normalmente a velocidade de emergência do hipocólito revelou-se inferior a velocidade de emergência da radícula.

scholarly journals Especificidade hospedeira de variantes Bradyrhizobium spp em soja (cvs peking e clark), caupi e guandu

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (spe) ◽  
pp. 2701-2708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabíola Gomes de Carvalho ◽  
Pedro Alberto Selbach ◽  
Apolino José Nogueira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Spp

A expansão da cultura da soja evidenciou uma alta especificidade hospedeira, requerendo a pesquisa de novas estirpes que apresentassem capacidade de nodular a soja e bom potencial de competição com a população de rizóbios naturalizada nos solos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a especificidade hospedeira de variantes isolados de estirpes de Bradyrhizobium spp quanto à nodulação e eficiência relativa de fixação de N2 atmosférico em soja (cvs peking e clark), caupi e guandu. O experimento foi realizado sob condições controladas em câmara de crescimento por meio de testes de variantes de B. japonicum e B. elkanii e suas respectivas estirpes originais quanto à habilidade de nodular soja, caupi e guandu. A colheita foi realizada aos 35 dias, sendo avaliada a nodulação (número, peso dos nódulos secos), produção de matéria seca na parte aérea, eficiência relativa de fixação de N2 atmosférico. Os variantes e estirpes de Bradyrhizobium spp nodularam Glycine max (cultivares BR-16, Clark e Peking), Vigna unguiculata e Cajanus cajan, contudo, apenas para Glycine max a interação rizóbio-leguminosa demonstrou eficiência simbiótica significativa.

scholarly journals Atividade inseticida de óleos essenciais e fixos sobre Callosobruchus maculatus (FABR., 1775) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) em grãos de caupi [Vigna unguiculata (L.) WALP.]

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Carla Ribeiro Lopes Pereira ◽  
José Vargas de Oliveira ◽  
Manoel Guedes Corrêa Gondim Junior ◽  
Cláudio Augusto Gomes da Câmara
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Caryocar Brasiliense ◽  
Piper Aduncum

O caruncho, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr.), é considerado a praga mais importante do caupi, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., armazenado em regiões tropicais e subtropicais. Visando minimizar os efeitos indesejáveis dos inseticidas químicos sintéticos, o controle dessa praga com óleos de origem vegetal vem se constituindo numa alternativa promissora, de baixo custo e segura para os aplicadores e consumidores. Foram testados os óleos essenciais [(Cymbopogon martini (Roxb.) J.F. Watson], Piper aduncum L., Piper hispidinervum C.DC., Melaleuca sp., Lippia gracillis Shauer) e fixos (Helianthus annuus L, Sesamum indicum L, Gossypium hirsutum L., Glycine max (L.) Merr. e Caryocar brasiliense Camb.), em grãos de caupi, cv. Sempre Verde. Os óleos foram utilizados nas concentrações 10, 20, 30, 40 e 50mL/20g, correspondendo a 0,5, 1,0, 1,5, 2,0 e 2,5 L/t e impregnados aos grãos no interior de recipientes de plástico, com auxílio de pipetador automático e agitados manualmente durante dois minutos. Parcelas de 20g de caupi foram infestadas com oito fêmeas de C. maculatus, com 0 a 48 h de idade. Cada óleo foi testado, separadamente, em delineamento inteiramente casualisado com seis repetições. Os óleos essenciais de C. martini, P. aduncum e L. gracillis causaram 100% de mortalidade em todas as concentrações, P. hispidinervum a partir de 1,5 L/t e Melaleuca sp. nas concentrações de 2,0 e 2,5 L/t. A redução do número de ovos viáveis e de insetos emergidos foi de 100% para todos os óleos essenciais, exceto Melaleuca sp. Por outro lado, os óleos fixos, apesar de apresentarem baixa mortalidade em todas as concentrações testadas, reduziram em praticamente 100% o número de ovos viáveis e de insetos emergidos.

scholarly journals Effect of phosphorus rate on growth, nodulation and biomass yield of green manure crops

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
MYA Pramanik ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
MS Uddin ◽  
GM Faruk
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Sesbania Rostrata ◽  
Green Manure Crops

The effect of phosphorus rate on plant height, biomass yield and nodulation of green manure crops was investigated. Seven green manure species viz. Sesbania rostrata, Sesbania aculeata, Crotalaria juncea, Vigna unguiculata, Phaseolus mungo, Vigna radiata and Glycine max and three phosphorus rates viz. 18, 27 and 36 kg P ha-1 were used. Plant height was different for each green manure crops during the growth period though phosphorus fertilization had no significant effect on plant height and biomass yield. On the other hand, phosphorus fertilization had significant effect on nodulation of green manure crops. The number of nodules plant-1 increased significantly with the age of the plants up to 60 days after sowing (DAS) and thereafter declined sharply at 75 DAS. The highest number of nodules plant-1 was produced at 36 kg P ha-1 followed by 27 kg P ha-1. The lowest number of nodules plant-1 was produced at 18 kg P ha-1. Keywords: Green manure crops; Phosphorus; Growth; Nodulation; Biomass yield DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v7i1.4793 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(1): 23-28, 2009

Use of Seedling Growth Parameters to Classify Soybean (Glycine max) Cultivar Sensitivity to Sulfentrazone

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 530-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohu Li ◽  
Robert H. Walker ◽  
Glenn Wehtje ◽  
H. Gary Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Length Reduction

Hypocotyl and root length reduction of soybean (Glycine max) seedlings when seeds were exposed to sulfentrazone during germination were used as indices to classify cultivar response to soil-applied sulfentrazone. Seeds of ‘Stonewall’ (sulfentrazone tolerant) and ‘Asgrow 6785’ (sulfentrazone sensitive) were imbibed and allowed to germinate in 0, 1, 5, 10, and 50 ppm aqueous sulfentrazone solutions for 4 d. Hypocotyl and root lengths were reduced in both cultivars, but the reductions were greater for Asgrow 6785 than for Stonewall. Subsequently, the relative sensitivity of 28 cultivars to sulfentrazone was independently determined by two variations of the hypocotyl reduction method (both conducted in the laboratory) and by traditional full-season field evaluation. Results from laboratory and field studies were in agreement for cultivars distinctly sensitive or tolerant to sulfentrazone. However, cultivars with intermediate tolerance in laboratory studies produced variable responses in the field.

Effects of Flooding on Dinitroaniline Persistence in Soybean (Glycine max) – Rice (Oryza sativa) Rotations

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fayte Brewer ◽  
Terry L. Lavy ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Flooded Soil ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Winter Flooding ◽  
Dinitroaniline Herbicides

A field study was conducted with fluchloralin [N-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline], profluralin [N-(cyclopropylmethyl)-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-p-toluidine], and trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) at 1× and 2× rates in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] for 2 consecutive yr to evaluate their persistence in soil and to determine their residual effect on rice (Oryza sativaL.). In another field study that was conducted to evaluate the effect of winter flooding on the persistence of 4× rates of the same herbicides, gas chromatographic analysis and bioassay procedures both revealed increased dissipation of these herbicides because of winter flooding. Flooding rice for 2 or 4 months during winter reduced the adverse effect from herbicidal residues. Laboratory studies evaluated the persistence and volatility of these herbicides at 4 and 25 C in two soils at three moisture contents (air-dried, field capacity, and flooded). The persistence of the three herbicides was similar in the field and in the laboratory and usually followed the order fluchloralin > profluralin = trifluralin. Volatility was most rapid with moisture at field capacity, but overall dissipation was most rapid in flooded soil. Significant dissipation and volatility losses of all three herbicides occurred at 4 C in flooded soil and in soil at field capacity. These studies indicated that winter flooding is effective in reducing the concentration of dinitroaniline herbicides in soil.

scholarly journals NolX of Sinorhizobium fredii USDA257, a Type III-Secreted Protein Involved in Host Range Determination, Is Localized in the Infection Threads of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) and Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) Nodules

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (3) ◽  
pp. 831-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari B. Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Sinorhizobium Fredii ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Infection Threads ◽  
Cultivar Specificity

ABSTRACT Sinorhizobium fredii USDA257 forms nitrogen-fixing nodules on soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) in a cultivar-specific manner. This strain forms nodules on primitive soybean cultivars but fails to nodulate agronomically improved North American cultivars. Soybean cultivar specificity is regulated by the nolXWBTUV locus, which encodes part of a type III secretion system (TTSS). NolX, a soybean cultivar specificity protein, is secreted by TTSS and shows homology to HrpF of the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. It is not known whether NolX functions at the bacterium-plant interface or acts inside the host cell. Antibodies raised against S. fredii USDA257 NolX were used in immunocytochemical studies to investigate the subcellular localization of this protein. Immunostaining of paraffin-embedded sections of developing soybean and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) nodules revealed localization of NolX in the infection threads. Protein A-gold immunocytochemical localization studies utilizing affinity-purified NolX antibodies revealed specific deposition of gold particles in the fibrillar material inside infection threads. Similar immunogold localization studies failed to detect NolX in thin sections of mature soybean and cowpea nodules. The results from this study indicate that NolX is expressed in planta only during the early stages of nodule development.

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