Conclusions

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-148
Author(s):  
Nick Williams
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Over Time

Chapter 9 closes the book with a comparative analysis of the key theoretical frameworks employed in the book in order to illuminate the contribution of returnee entrepreneurs to post-conflict economies. As global migration continues to grow, the role of returnees are becoming an ever more important aspect of entrepreneurship research. The chapter articulates the specific components of isolation and assimilation, detailing that while individuals are returning to complex homelands, their contribution is not currently being maximised. They are not assimilated within the economy, often avoiding policy actions designed to engage with them. This will have a lasting impact on the potential of returnees to contribute to their homeland, especially given that the emotional ties of the first generation are stronger than subsequent generations and thus interest in homeland return may diminish over time.

How Emotional Ties Influence the Diaspora to Return

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-103
Author(s):  
Nick Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Emotional Attachment ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Over Time

Chapter 6 examines the role of emotional ties in fostering diaspora entrepreneurs to return and invest in their home country. The chapter utilises in-depth interviews with returnee entrepreneurs to B&H, Kosovo, and Montenegro, and draws on the theory of embeddedness. The chapter finds that while entrepreneurship is often considered to be a profit-maximising activity, in the case of returnee entrepreneurs to post-conflict economies, other motivations can be more prevalent. Indeed the analysis demonstrates that for entrepreneurs returning to post-conflict economies, an emotional attachment to the home country is the most important driver of activity. Furthermore, the desire for emotional gains influences investment activities over time, often leading to investment in family and friends, or activities which have a social impact.

The Dynamics of Immigration Coverage in Comparative Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 876-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Hallin
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Marginalized Populations ◽  
Human Interest ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Over Time

This comment focuses both on issues related to comparative analysis of media systems, and to issues related to immigration, specifically. It explores the implication of findings on the prevalence of human interest framing in immigration coverage for comparative analysis, suggesting that it may be too simplistic to assume that commercialization is always associated with human interest framing, particularly in coverage of marginalized populations. It also explores the complexity of public opinion on immigration, and issues about how to understand the role of media over time in the evolution of public opinion.

scholarly journals THEORIES OF ETHNICITY, NATIONALITY, AND ETHNIC IDENTITY

Adam alemi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
D.S. Kaliyev ◽  
◽  
A. Ventsel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Constructive Theory ◽  
Constructivist Approaches ◽  
Over Time

Ethnicity, nationality, and ethnic identity remain to be unresolved issues that need to be addressed. It is thus important to compare different approaches to understand the nature of ethnic phenomena and to identify appropriate techniques to understand the essence of «nation-building» concept. First, the article discusses the concepts of nation, ethnicity, changes in ethnic identity where the concepts of ethnos and nation are further explained. Second, the nature, dynamics and factors of the processes of ethnic identity are analyzed. Third, the author seeks answers to questions of why some ethnic identities change, while others remain unchanged. Fourth, ethnicity in conflict, the role of «belonging to a certain ethnic group» is considered. Finally, past and present debates of the primordialist and constructivist approaches to nation-building are described. The main methodology of the article is a comparative analysis of the theoretical literature of foreign and domestic research through the lenses of primordialism and constructivism. The paper argues that there is no reason for all ethnic groups to reach the level of a nation, that constructive theory has advantages at the highest level of integration between nations and ethnic groups in the 21st century, and that ethnic identity is adaptable and changeable over time. The results of this work contribute to further studies and scientific works related to the nation-building in Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals A Dynamic Model of Entrepreneurial Opportunity: Integrating Kirzner's and Mises's Approaches to Entrepreneurial Action.

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 499-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander McKelvie ◽  
Johan Wiklund ◽  
Jeffery McMullen ◽  
Almantas Palubinskas
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Entrepreneurial Opportunity ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
Opportunity Discovery ◽  
Entrepreneurial Action ◽  
Longitudinal Case Studies ◽  
Over Time

We highlight the important role that time plays in conceptualizations of opportunity in entrepreneurship research. Through two longitudinal case studies, we introduce a more dynamic understanding of opportunities than portrayed by current theorizing, which tends to emphasize “opportunity discovery.” By adopting a dynamic temporal perspective, we integrate Kirzner’s and Mises’s approaches to entrepreneurial action to generate novel insights about how entrepreneurs view opportunities as initial opportunity beliefs, how these beliefs change over time, and how these changes help inform scholarly research of opportunities. We argue that taking the role of time into consideration opens up new questions related to opportunity and the dynamics of its development.

General Introduction

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Fredline A.O. M’Cormack-Hale ◽  
Josephine Beoku-Betts
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Birth Attendants ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Post War ◽  
Democracy Building

Although much has been written on many different aspects of post-conflict reconstruction, democracy building, and the role of the international community in Sierra Leone, there is no definitive publication that focuses on exploring the ways in which various interventions targeted at women in Sierra Leone have resulted in socio-economic and political change, following the Sierra Leone civil war. This special issue explores the multi-faceted subject of women’s empowerment in post-war Sierra Leone. Employing a variety of theoretical frameworks, the papers examine a broad range of themes addressing women’s socio-economic and political development, ranging from health to political participation, from paramount chiefs and parliamentarians to traditional birth attendants and refugees. An underlying argument is that post-war contexts provide the space to advance policies and practices that contribute to women’s empowerment. To this end, the papers examine the varied ways in which women have individually and collectively responded to, shaped, negotiated, and been affected by national and international initiatives and processes.

scholarly journals Place and role of DSTU 4163: 2020 «Unified system of organizational and management documentation. requirements for documentation» in the system of the documents.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha Anisimova ◽  
Halyna Lukash ◽  
Iryna Vyshynska
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
State Standard ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Electronic Document ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Normative Documentation ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of the article is to find out the significance of the state standard for the design of documentsDSTU 4163: 2020 in the system of valid documents on reference and unification of documentary texts; toanalyze the new state standard DSTU 4163: 2020 in comparison with its analog of 2003, the Resolution ofthe Cabinet of Ministers, to identify discrepancies in their texts and to make proposals for their elimination.The study emphasizes that this DSTU, like other national standards, over time has lost its binding legal statusand has become a recommendation, and the resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers continue to be binding.The methodology of research is based on the application of the principles of systematicity, scientificity, andhistoricism and makes it possible to trace the development of normative documentation. Classical methodsof analysis, synthesis, and comparison help to compare the texts of several documents, creating a system ofscientific information. It is through the use of special and general philosophical research methods that it ispossible to analyze normative documents in the context of their practicality and relevance. The scientificnovelty of the study is to determine the features of the requirements for the design of documents in the newstandard and justify their feasibility in relation to current needs. The comparative analysis of texts of documentsis carried out and discrepancies of registration of examples and the text of DSTU are revealed. Conclusions.The main feature and difference of DSTU 4163: 2020 from other documents that determine the procedureand requirements for the execution of documents is its extension to all types of documentation created in theactivities of various organizations, regardless of their carrier. The new standard has been improved to meettoday’s requirements, focusing not only on paper documents but also on electronic ones, as they now occupya leading position in any activity.Keywords: office work, unification of documentary texts, state standard, electronic document

Rapid evaluation of FDG imaging alternatives using head-to-head comparisons of full ring and gamma camera based PET scanners –

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (05) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Haslinghuis-Bajan ◽  
L. Hooft ◽  
A. van Lingen ◽  
M. van Tulder ◽  
W. Devillé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Gamma Camera ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Prospective Evaluation ◽  
First Approximation ◽  
Variable Head ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pet Scanners

SummaryAim: While FDG full ring PET (FRPET) has been gradually accepted in oncology, the role of the cheaper gamma camera based alternatives (GCPET) is less clear. Since technology is evolving rapidly, “tracker trials” would be most helpful to provide a first approximation of the relative merits of these alternatives. As difference in scanner sensitivity is the key variable, head-to-head comparison with FRPET is an attractive study design. This systematic review summarises such studies. Methods: Nine studies were identified until July 1, 2000. Two observers assessed the methodological quality (Cochrane criteria), and extracted data. Results: The studies comprised a variety of tumours and indications. The reported GC- and FRPET agreement for detection of malignant lesions ranged from 55 to 100%, but with methodological limitations (blinding, standardisation, limited patient spectrum). Mean lesion diameter was 2.9 cm (SD 1.8), with only about 20% <1.5 cm. The 3 studies with the highest quality reported concordances of 74-79%, for the studied lesion spectrum. Contrast at GCPET was lower than that of FRPET, contrast and detection agreement were positively related. Logistic regression analysis suggested that pre-test indicators might be used to predict FRPET-GCPET concordance. Conclusion: In spite of methodological limitations, “first generation” GCPET devices detected sufficient FRPET positive lesions to allow prospective evaluation in clinical situations where the impact of FRPET is not confined to detection of small lesions (<1.5 cm). The efficiency of head-to-head comparative studies would benefit from application in a clinically relevant patient spectrum, with proper blinding and standardisation of acquisition procedures.

The Role of the Zakat System during the Colonial-period in Malaysia and Uzbekistan: A Comparative Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Avazbek Ganiyev Oybekovich ◽  
◽  
Hassan Shakeel Shah ◽  
Mohammad Ayaz ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Colonial Period
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