Performance and Economic analysis of Bubble Column Humidification and Thermoelectric Cooler Dehumidification Water Desalination System

Author(s):  
Vivek Patel ◽  
Rajesh Patel ◽  
Sumit kumar

Abstract Although water is one of the key elements on the globe and accessible in a large amount, nearly one-half of the people of the globe are suffering from a shortage of freshwater that is increasing at a frightening rate most exclusively in growing nations where commercial water shortages prevail. So, in the regions with ample saline water and solar radiation where freshwater is usually limited, the humidification-dehumidification desalination systems have demonstrated inspiring outcomes. The experimental, theoretical and economical analysis of the BC humidifier, TEC based dehumidifier HDH system has been presented in this work. The effect of various operational parameters on HDH systems like Ta, Tw, H, do and ya has been studied. The daily experimental and theoretical productivity obtained during the analysis of the H-DH system was in the span of 7–13 L/day and 9.1–12.4 L/day respectively for dissimilar functional variables while the greatest experimental and theoretical productivity was reported 12.97 L/day and 12.4 L/day respectively for do=2 mm, ya=0.016 Kg/sec, Tw=60°C, Ta=27°C, and H=7 cm. Also, the experimental results present a fine confirmation with the results of the proposed mathematical model. From the economic analysis, it is found that the yearly price per liter and the payback period of the HDH system are Rs.5.1/L and 2.4 years respectively, which is a very promising value.

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1709-1721
Author(s):  
Marjan Arsovic ◽  
Radivoje Topic ◽  
Mirko Komatina ◽  
Milan Gojak

Many regions of the world face the problem of saline water. Water desalination processes, which require significant energy consumption, are a common solution to produce drinking water. This study evaluated the influence of the following process operational parameters on the energy consumption of seawater RO systems: water salinity, permeate recovery ratio, membrane performance and feed water temperature. Optimal operational conditions for the theoretical minimum energy consumption were determined with experiments by varying water qualities and operational parameters. In order to further reduce energy consumption a RO system was integrated with a PV solar system and a pilot PVRO system was built and tested. The results obtained from this study indicated that even though a Solar PV system incurs a huge initial capital investment, it will yield significant benefits in the long run of the RO operational period.


2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abutayeh ◽  
D. Yogi Goswami

A new desalination scheme has been proposed. The system consists of a saline water tank, a concentrated brine tank, and a fresh water tank placed on ground level plus an evaporator and a condenser located several meters above the ground. The evaporator-condenser assembly, or flash chamber, is initially filled with saline water that later drops by gravity, creating a vacuum above the water surface in the unit without a vacuum pump. The vacuum is maintained by the internal hydrostatic pressure balanced by the atmospheric pressure. The ground tanks are open to the atmosphere, while the flash chamber is insulated and sealed to retain both heat and vacuum. A theoretical simulation of the proposed model was carried out using a detailed model built by employing the fundamental physical and thermodynamic relationships to describe the process and was complimented by reliable empirical correlations to estimate the physical properties of the involved species and the operational parameters of the proposed system. The simulation results show that running the system at higher flash temperatures with a fixed flash chamber size will result in faster vacuum erosion leading to less overall evaporation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Husmul Beze ◽  
Suparjo

In the last ten years the people on Sebatik Island have experienced water shortages. This happened because the forest which is the source of community water dried up. It is estimated that the drying up of these springs is due to changes in the function of forests as water reserves. This change in forest function occurs as a result of the process of clearing forests for plantations or other development activities. This is why it is necessary to analyze the protected forest cover on Sebatik Island. In this study, analysis of forest cover was carried out based on Landsat satellite imagery. To check the correctness of the analysis results on the satellite image, field checks are carried out. Based on the research results, the forest area on Sebatik Island has an area of ​​2,088.37 ha. The damaged forest is estimated to be 339.97ha, while the protected forest area which is still in good condition has an area of ​​1,748.40 ha.


2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aulia Rahma ◽  
Muthia Elma ◽  
Mahmud Mahmud ◽  
Chairul Irawan ◽  
Amalia Enggar Pratiwi ◽  
...  

The high number of natural organic matter contain in wetland water may cause its water has brown color and not consumable. In other hand, intrusion of sea water through wetland aquifer create water become saline, notably on hot season. Coagulation is effective method to applied for removing of natural organic matter. However, it could not be used for salinity removal. Hence combination of coagulation and pervaporation process is attractive method to removing both of natural organic matter and conductivity of wetland saline water. The objective of this works is to investigate optimum coagulant doses for removing organic matter by coagulation process as pretreatment and to analysis performance of coagulation-pervaporation silica-pectin membrane for removing of organic matter and conductivity of wetland saline water. Coagulation process in this work carried out under varied aluminum sulfate dose 10-60 mg.L-1. Silica-pectin membrane was used for pervaporation process at feed temperature ~25 °C (room temperature). Optimum condition of pretreatment coagulation set as alum dose at 30 mg.L-1 with maximum removal efficiency 81,8 % (UV254) and 40 % (conductivity). In other hand, combining of coagulation-pervaporation silica-pectin membrane shows both of UV254 and salt rejection extremely good instead without pretreatment coagulation of 86,8 % and 99,9 % for UV254 and salt rejection respectively. Moreover, water flux of silica-pectin membrane pervaporation with coagulation pretreatment shown higher 17,7 % over water flux of wetland saline water without pretreatment coagulation. Combining of coagulation and pervaporation silica-pectin membrane is effective to removing both of organic matter and salinity of wetland saline water at room temperature.


Author(s):  
Peter Ozaveshe Oviroh ◽  
Rokhsareh Akbarzadeh ◽  
Tien-Chien Jen

Reverse Osmosis (RO) for the desalination of saline water is associated with tremendous energy costs and low efficiency. Improvements in nanotechnology have led to the development of a variety of nanoporous membranes for water purification. Biomimetic membrane is an emerging new technology for water purification. Consequently, there is still much to study about the function and structure of these kinds of membranes. The purpose of this work was to determine which factors influence membrane performance. The focus was on those factors affecting membranes in pure water. Biomimetic membrane using MoS2 which has a higher rate of ion rejection and higher water permeability was studied through molecular dynamics simulations using reactive force fields (ReaxFF). The behaviour of the membrane before subjecting it to desalination was studied. The effect of water temperature, atmospheric pressure and membrane thickness on performance of membrane was studied. The permeability flux was calculated and compared in different conditions and the relation between these factors was revealed.


Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor A. Mohammad Ameen ◽  
Salah S. Ibrahim ◽  
Qusay F. Alsalhy ◽  
Alberto Figoli

The path for water molecules transported across a membrane in real porous membranes has been considered to be a constant factor in the membrane distillation (MD) process (i.e., constant tortuosity); as such, its effect on membrane performance at various operating conditions has been ignored by researchers. Therefore, a simultaneous heat and mass transfer model throughout the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) module was developed in this study by taking into account the hypothetical path across the membrane as a variable factor within the operating conditions because it exhibits the changes to the mass transfer resistance across the membrane under the DCMD run. The DCMD process was described by the developed model using a system of nonlinear equations and solved numerically by MATLAB software. The performance of the poly-tetra-fluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane was examined to treat 200 g/L NaCl saline at various operating conditions. The simulation results in the present work showed that the hypothetical proposed path across the membrane has a variable value and was affected by changing the feed temperature and feed concentration. The results estimated by the developed model showed an excellent conformity with the experimental results. The salt rejection remained high (greater than 99.9%) in all cases. The temperature polarization coefficient for the DCMD ranged between 0.88 and 0.967, and the gain output ratio (GOR) was 0.893. The maximum thermal efficiency of the system was 84.5%.


Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1262
Author(s):  
Ján Janošovský ◽  
Eva Marková ◽  
Adriána Kačmárová ◽  
Miroslav Variny

A project of a new milk drying unit processing 4800 kg/h of fresh milk into milk powder with expected steam consumption of 1000 kg/h (equivalent to ca. 2.6 GJ/h) was assessed. In this paper, investment profitability of this project was analyzed combining mathematical modeling, market analysis, and parametric sensitivity study. Aspen Plus was used as the simulation environment to determine values of key process variables—major streams, mass flows, and energy consumption. Co-digestion of cattle manure in an adjacent biogas plant was considered to provide biogas to partially or completely substitute natural gas as an energy source. As biogas composition from potential co-digestion was unknown, variable methane content from 45 to 60 mol.% was considered. In the next step, thorough economic analysis was conducted. Diverse effects of biogas addition depending on market prices, biogas treatment costs, and biogas methane content were simulated and evaluated. In a market situation closest to reality, biogas mixing to boiler fuel decreased simple payback period from 11.2 years to 5.1 years. However, if biogas treatment costs were high (final biogas price equal to or above 0.175 EUR/m3), the simple payback period was increased two- to sixfold, making the analyzed project practically unfeasible.


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