scholarly journals Fur loss syndrome and lice infestations observed on arctic foxes in central Nunavut, Canada.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla Buhler ◽  
Gustaf Samelius ◽  
Ray Alisauskas ◽  
Emily Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
Arctic Foxes ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Unpublished Report ◽  
Sucking Lice ◽  
Circumpolar North ◽  
Hair Shafts

As temperatures in the circumpolar north continue to warm, shifts in species distribution and the breakdown of environmental barriers for arthropods may impact the diversity and distribution of ectoparasites in Arctic ecosystems. In May 2019, fur loss over the neck and shoulders was observed on arctic foxes in a terrestrial arctic ecosystem (Karrak Lake) in central Nunavut, Canada. This was inconsistent with normal patterns of shedding winter fur and had not been observed on arctic foxes in this population over the previous 19 years of live-trapping. Operculated eggs attached to hair shafts were collected from one affected fox. Conventional PCR using universal louse primers targeting conserved regions of mitochondrial 12S and 16S rDNA confirmed that the eggs belonged to the order Phthiraptera. Sequencing results were inconclusive at the species level. Further investigation revealed a single unpublished report of an arctic fox with similar fur loss trapped on mainland Nunavut, in 1997. Adult lice collected from this fox were identified as sucking lice (potentially from the genus Linognathus). Our findings emphasize the need for further monitoring and have significant implications for trappers and wildlife management, as infestations negatively impact the pelt quality of these important furbearers.

Consensus Building Gaming Which Promotes Creative Solutions to Wildlife Management Dilemmas

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Oyamada ◽  
Shinobu Kitani
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Management ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Consensus Building ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Game Playing ◽  
Challenging Problem ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
The World ◽  
Three Phases

Background. Wildlife management is becoming a more challenging problem throughout the world. One of the main difficulties it encounters is that residents tend to have ambivalent attitudes regarding whether wildlife should be eliminated or conserved. Aim. We made a consensus building gaming scenario for promoting creative solutions to wildlife management dilemmas. In this article, we aim to show the prerequisites for high performance of this gaming. Method. The gaming consists of three phases: a game playing phase, a presenting dilemma phase, and a game remodeling phase. The game playing phase consists of playing the game which is based on the actual wildlife management problem in Japan. Players can learn the difficulties of real wildlife management from the perspective of farmers. In presenting the dilemma phase, they are presented with the dilemma structure of wildlife problems and motivated to solve the dilemma. In the game remodeling phase, the players remodel the played game to design a new society wherein the residents can coexist successfully with wildlife. The remodeling phase is a kind of well-constructed debriefing process. With this game remodeling process, players can use their creativity for consensus building. Results. The gaming society functioned well especially for players with high pragmatic attitudes or those good at generating ideas especially through talking with others. Conclusion. The prerequisites for high performance of this gaming were verified. But further research is necessary for producing creative consensus building theory and objectively evaluating the quality of players’ ideas.

Monetization of the Ecosystem Services of the Russian Arctic and the Assesment of Investitional Risks

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
E.V. Abakumov ◽  
A.E. Lemyakina ◽  
V.O. Titov ◽  
A.E. Vashchuk ◽  
Yu.N. Guzov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Impacts

Тhe problems of valuation of ecosystem services in connection with the activation of economic activity of the Russian Federation in the Arctic zone are discussed. The types of negative impacts on the Arctic ecosystems and their assessment, investment risks existing in ecosystem services are considered. It is shown that the application of the methodology and apparatus of ecosystem services contributes to the adequate assessment and creation of a hierarchical classification of "usefulness" and "benefits" that society can get from the existence, use and nonuse of ecosystems. The concept of ecosystem services in relation to Arctic consists of three components: identification, monetization and ecological risk assessment. The example of the Arctic ecosystems shows that the susceptibility to assessment and the accuracy of the assessment can be quite different and is largely dependent on the type of service in the classification. The analysis of possible ecosystem services and their relationship with the quality of life of people in the Russian Arctic indicates significant investment risks.

scholarly journals Do Nitrogen Concentration and Forage Quality of the MossRacomitrium lanuginosumIncrease with Latitude?

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. M. Speed ◽  
R. van der Wal ◽  
S. J. Woodin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Herbivore Species

Mosses are an important component of high latitude ecosystems, contributing the majority of the plant biomass in many communities. In Arctic regions mosses also form a substantial part of the diet of many herbivore species. This may reflect either the availability of moss or its quality as forage. Here we test whether the nitrogen concentration and forage quality of the mossRacomitrium lanuginosumincrease with latitude and discuss the findings with reference to herbivore utilisation of moss in the Arctic. In contrast to vascular plants, moss nitrogen concentration significantly decreased with latitude (P<.01), in line with estimates of N deposition at the sampling sites. In addition, no evidence of an increase in nutritional quality of moss with latitude was observed; thus, this study suggests that the utilisation of moss by herbivores in arctic ecosystems maybe a function of their relatively high biomass rather than their quality as forage.

scholarly journals Target‐oriented habitat and wildlife management: estimating forage quantity and quality of semi‐natural grasslands with Sentinel‐1 and Sentinel‐2 data

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-398
Author(s):  
Christoph Raab ◽  
Friederike Riesch ◽  
Bettina Tonn ◽  
Brian Barrett ◽  
Marcus Meißner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Sentinel 2

scholarly journals Conservation of endangered Tipton kangaroo rats (Dipodomys nitratoides nitratoides): status surveys, habitat suitability, and conservation recommendations

2021 ◽  
pp. 382-397
Author(s):  
Brian L. Cypher ◽  
Scott E. Phillips ◽  
Tory L. Westall ◽  
Erin N. Tennant ◽  
Lawrence R. Saslaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Kangaroo Rats ◽  
Habitat Suitability Modeling ◽  
Kangaroo Rat ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Medium Quality

The Tipton kangaroo rat (Dipodomys nitratoides nitratoides; TKR) is listed as endangered both Federally and by the state of California due to profound habitat loss throughout its range in the southern San Joaquin Valley of California. Habitat loss is still occurring and critical needs for TKR include identifying occupied sites, quantifying optimal habitat conditions, and conserving habitat. Our objectives were to (1) conduct surveys to identify sites where TKR were extant, (2) assess habitat attributes on all survey sites, (3) generate a GIS-based model of TKR habitat suitability, (4) use the model to determine the quantity and quality of remaining TKR habitat, and (5) use these results to develop conservation recommendations. We surveyed for TKR on 44 sites by live-trapping and detected TKR on 15 sites. Sites with TKR tended to have larger alkali scalds and no obvious sign of past tilling compared to sites without TKR. Also, sites with TKR usually had relatively sparse ground cover and seepweed (Suaeda nigra) was present. The non-protected Heermann’s kangaroo rat (Dipodomys heermanni), a larger competitor, was either absent or present in relatively low numbers at sites with TKR, and when present its abundance was inversely related to that of TKR. Based on our habitat suitability modeling, an estimated 30,000 ha of moderately high or high quality TKR habitat and 60,000 ha of lower or medium quality habitat remain. However, habitat is still being lost and conversion of at least one survey site with TKR occurred during this project. Recommendations for TKR conservation are to (1) conduct additional TKR surveys on unsurveyed but suitable sites, (2) conserve suitable habitat on unprotected lands, (3) manage vegetation on occupied sites if necessary, (4) restore disturbed lands to increase suitability for TKR, and (5) research methods and conduct translocations of TKR to unoccupied sites with suitable habitat.

Qaujisarniq: Uppirniliriniq uvvalu Tukisinasungniq. [Science: Theology or Knowledge Seeking]

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaypeetee Arnakak
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Western Science ◽  
Management Issue ◽  
Indigenous Knowledges ◽  
Knowledge Seeking ◽  
The Relationship

The situation John Godfrey Saxe describes in his 19th century poem retelling the parable of the blind men and the elephant is not unlike the birthing pains of the emerging discourse between Western and Indigenous Knowledges. In this paper I propose that the “disputations” have nothing to do with such reified notions as “clash of ideologies” or “metaphysics,” but are rather more semiological in nature. Semiotics, to which linguistics belongs, is an undiscovered country whose vistas may provide more efficacious roadmaps to meaningful communications between disparate knowledges – i.e., Western Science and Indigenous Knowledge. I propose to examine a specific case of a wildlife management issue in Nunavut, Canada, whose outcomes will determine not only the viability of a species but the quality of the relationship between Inuit Qaujimaningit and Governments. The original article is in Inuktitut.

scholarly journals Hopping species and borders: detection of Bartonella spp. in avian nest fleas and arctic foxes from Nunavut, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla J. Buhler ◽  
Ricardo G. Maggi ◽  
Julie Gailius ◽  
Terry D. Galloway ◽  
Neil B. Chilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reactions ◽  
Arctic Foxes ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
Cat Fleas ◽  
Avian Nest

Abstract Background In a warmer and more globally connected Arctic, vector-borne pathogens of zoonotic importance may be increasing in prevalence in native wildlife. Recently, Bartonella henselae, the causative agent of cat scratch fever, was detected in blood collected from arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) that were captured and released in the large goose colony at Karrak Lake, Nunavut, Canada. This bacterium is generally associated with cats and cat fleas, which are absent from Arctic ecosystems. Arctic foxes in this region feed extensively on migratory geese, their eggs, and their goslings. Thus, we hypothesized that a nest flea, Ceratophyllus vagabundus vagabundus (Boheman, 1865), may serve as a vector for transmission of Bartonella spp. Methods We determined the prevalence of Bartonella spp. in (i) nest fleas collected from 5 arctic fox dens and (ii) 37 surrounding goose nests, (iii) fleas collected from 20 geese harvested during arrival at the nesting grounds and (iv) blood clots from 57 adult live-captured arctic foxes. A subsample of fleas were identified morphologically as C. v. vagabundus. Remaining fleas were pooled for each nest, den, or host. DNA was extracted from flea pools and blood clots and analyzed with conventional and real-time polymerase chain reactions targeting the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic transcribed spacer region. Results Bartonella henselae was identified in 43% of pooled flea samples from nests and 40% of pooled flea samples from fox dens. Bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii was identified in 30% of pooled flea samples collected from 20 geese. Both B. vinsonii berkhoffii (n = 2) and B. rochalimae (n = 1) were identified in the blood of foxes. Conclusions We confirm that B. henselae, B. vinsonii berkhoffii and B. rochalimae circulate in the Karrak Lake ecosystem and that nest fleas contain B. vinsonii and B. henselae DNA, suggesting that this flea may serve as a potential vector for transmission among Arctic wildlife.

Food and reproduction of wild house mice. 2. A field experiment to examine the effect of food availability and food quality on breeding in spring

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bomford
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
New South ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Supplementary Food ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Wild House Mice ◽  
Free Ranging

Free-ranging populations of house mice, Mus musculus L., on contour banks in a rice field in New South Wales were provided with three types of supplementary food of differing nutritional quality for 10 weeks in spring. Four live-trapping sessions were conducted 3-10 weeks after supplementary feeding started. The percentage of females breeding averaged 47% on banks with supplementary food, and 0% on control banks with no supplementary food. The quality of the supplementary food did not affect breeding performance. It is concluded that breeding in rice fields in spring is limited by the food supply, and it is probably the supply of energy, rather than that of specific nutrients, that is limiting.

scholarly journals Tips for Integrating Land and Wildlife Management: Deer in Ranchlands

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Giuliano ◽  
John M. Olson ◽  
Cailey Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Wildlife Ecology ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Habitat Improvement ◽  
Low Diversity

In addition to having generally low-quality foods, ranchlands often have a low diversity of food sources, further reducing the quality of habitat for deer. Ranchland management for deer should therefore focus on providing a diversity of abundant, high-quality foods. This 2-page fact sheet provides some deer habitat improvement tips that focus primarily on raising the quality of deer forage but that also will help you grow better cover by improving plant diversity and productivity. Written by William M. Giuliano, John M. Olson, and Cailey Thomas, and published by the UF Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, January 2013.  http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw375 

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