Effect of weaning on accuracy of doubly labeled water method in infants

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (4) ◽  
pp. R622-R627 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Roberts ◽  
W. A. Coward ◽  
G. Ewing ◽  
J. Savage ◽  
T. J. Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Water Influence ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method ◽  
The Relationship

Variations in background 2H and 18O abundances in body water influence the accuracy and precision of the 2H218O method for determination of energy expenditure. To investigate the effect of weaning during infancy on background 2H and 18O abundances, urine samples from 44 breast- or formula-fed infants aged 5-16 wk were analyzed. 2H and 18O abundances were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in breast- than in formula-fed infants. The relationship between 2H and 18O abundances was linear and independent of diet [slope, 4.16 +/- 0.43 (SE)]. By use of this information, the effect of weaning on the accuracy of the 2H218O method was evaluated, taking into account the effect of 2H-18O abundances in the isotope loading dose. In infants weaned completely from breast milk to formula during the measurement, energy expenditure can be overestimated by 18.0%, even if 2H-18O abundances in the isotope dose equal the ratio of naturally occurring background changes. However, this error can be reduced to less than 3.0% by manipulating the study duration and isotope dose. During gradual weaning, the overestimation of energy expenditure is only 0.3-2.0%.

Measurement of energy expenditure in humans by doubly labeled water method

1982 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Schoeller ◽  
E. van Santen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Water Output ◽  
Isotope Ratio Analysis ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method ◽  
Total Body

The utility of the doubly labeled water method for the determination of energy expenditure and water output was investigated in humans. Approximately 10 g of 18O and 0.5 g of 2H as water was orally administered to four healthy adults. Total body water was determined from the isotope dilution, and the ensuing 18O and 2H disappearance rates from body water were determined for 13 days by mass spectrometric isotope ratio analysis of the urinary water. During this period, subjects were maintained on a measured diet to determine energy and water intake. The energy expenditure from the doubly labeled water method differed from dietary intake plus change in body composition by an average of 2%, with a coefficient of variation of 6%. The water outputs determined by the two methods differed by 1%, with a coefficient of variation of 7%. The doubly labeled water method is noninvasive, and the subjects could maintain their daily activities without restriction.

Comparative Study for the Assay of Plant Derived Chemicals in Pharmaceutical Formulation Using Methods Dependent on Factorized Spectra

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesma M Fahmy ◽  
Adel M Michael
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulation ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Modern built-in spectrophotometer software supporting mathematical processes provided a solution for increasing selectivity for multicomponent mixtures. Objective Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of the three naturally occurring antioxidants—rutin(RUT), hesperidin(HES), and ascorbic acid(ASC)—in bulk forms and combined pharmaceutical formulation. Method This was achieved by factorized zero order method (FZM), factorized derivative method (FD1M), and factorized derivative ratio method (FDRM), coupled with spectrum subtraction(SS). Results Mathematical filtration techniques allowed each component to be obtained separately in either its zero, first, or derivative ratio form, allowing the resolution of spectra typical to the pure components present in Vitamin C Forte® tablets. The proposed methods were applied over a concentration range of 2–50, 2–30, and 10–100 µg/mL for RUT, HES, and ASC, respectively. Conclusions Recent methods for the analysis of binary mixtures, FZM and FD1M, were successfully applied for the analysis of ternary mixtures and compared to the novel FDRM. All were revealed to be specific and sensitive with successful application on pharmaceutical formulations. Validation parameters were evaluated in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Statistical results were satisfactory, revealing no significant difference regarding accuracy and precision. Highlights Factorized methods enabled the resolution of spectra identical to those of pure drugs present in mixtures. Overlapped spectra of ternary mixtures could be resolved by spectrum subtraction coupled FDRM (SS-FDRM) or by successive application of FZM and FD1M.

Longitudinal assessment of energy expenditure in pregnancy by the doubly labeled water method

1993 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
G R Goldberg ◽  
A M Prentice ◽  
W A Coward ◽  
H L Davies ◽  
P R Murgatroyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Perspective of an Appropriate Amount of Energy Intake and Actual Meal for the Diabetic and/or Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Bando H
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity

Adequate nutritional therapy and research have been crucial for diabetes and obesity. Recent topics include Calorie restriction (CR) and Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD). It is rather difficult to calculate energy intake in person, and also to calculate the energy of the meal. There are some methods for investigating these factors, such as the total energy expenditure (TEE), physical-activity-related energy expenditure (PAEE), metabolic equivalent (MET) values, and the doubly-labeled water (DLW) method. Multi factors would be involved in the study. Further investigation would be expected for the determination of an appropriate amount of energy intake and meal energy in the future.

scholarly journals Methodological error in measurement of energy expenditure by the doubly labeled water method: much ado about nothing?

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 1253-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S Ludwig ◽  
Cara B Ebbeling ◽  
Julia M W Wong ◽  
Robert R Wolfe ◽  
William W Wong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Methodological Error ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Much Ado About Nothing ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method

Use of doubly labeled water technique in soldiers training for jungle warfare

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Forbes-Ewan ◽  
B. L. Morrissey ◽  
G. C. Gregg ◽  
D. R. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method

The doubly labeled water method was used to estimate the energy expended by four members of an Australian Army platoon (34 soldiers) engaged in training for jungle warfare. Each subject received an oral isotope dose sufficient to raise isotope levels by 200–250 (18O) and 100–120 ppm (2H). The experimental period was 7 days. Concurrently, a factorial estimate of the energy expenditure of the platoon was conducted. Also, a food intake-energy balance study was conducted for the platoon. Mean daily energy expenditure by the doubly labeled water method was 4,750 kcal (range 4,152–5,394 kcal). The factorial estimate of mean daily energy expenditure was 4,535 kcal. Because of inherent inaccuracies in the food intake-energy balance technique, we were able to conclude only that energy expenditure, as measured by this method, was greater than the estimated mean daily intake of 4,040 kcal. The doubly labeled water technique was well tolerated, is noninvasive, and appears to be suitable in a wide range of field applications.

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