scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Test of Extracts and Fractions of Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes Causing Acne

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Resmi Mustarichie ◽  
Sulistiyaningsih Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Dudi Runadi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This study is aimed at determining antibacterial activity from ethanol extracts and the most active fraction of cassava leaves against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Research carried out by the experimental method involved determination of plants, extraction with maceration method, fractionation with liquid-liquid extraction, antibacterial activity testing of extracts and fractions by agar diffusion method, determination of most active fraction from the extract, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) testing of most active fraction by microdilution method. The results showed that ethanol extracts of cassava leaves had antibacterial activity against both bacteria with the most active fraction indicated by ethyl acetate. MIC values of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis were in the concentration range of 2.5%–5.0% (w/v) and against P. acnes were in the concentration range of 1.25%–2.5% (w/v). The MBC value of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis was at a concentration of 5% (w/v), while P. acnes was at a concentration of 2.5% (w/v). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as on Propionibacterium acnes. The fraction with the best activity from the ethanol extract of cassava leaves to the two test bacteria was shown by ethyl acetate fraction. It is suggested that cassava leaves are possible to be developed into standardized antiacne herbal.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Propionibacterium acnes Ekstrak Etanol dan Fraksi Daun Karuk (Piper sarmetosum Roxb. Ex. Hunter) serta Analisis KLT Bioautografi

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Anisa Dwi Nuraeni ◽  
Yani Lukmayani ◽  
Reza Abdul Kodir
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Tlc Bioautography ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Abstract. Karuk (Piper sarmetosum Roxb. Ex. Hunter) is a plant that is considered to have antibacterial activity. Acne is a problem in the skin caused by the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes. This research’s aimed to determine the potential antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts and karuk leaf’s fractions, and can find out the class of chemical compounds contained from the ethanol extract and the fraction of karuk leaves which have antibacterial activity. Karuk leaf was extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent, followed by fractionation using the liquid-liquid extraction method with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water solvents. Antibacterial activity test of ethanol extract and fraction with a concentration of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% using the well diffusion agar method. To identify the class of compounds that have antibacterial activity, the TLC Bioautography method is used. From the results of research that has been done shows that ethanol extract and n-hexane fraction can inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes with the highest inhibitory diameter of 10.11mm in the extract, and in the n-hexane fraction of 10.93 mm. in the ethyl acetate fraction and the water fraction there is no inhibitory zone formed so that it cannot provide antibacterial activity. The TLC Bioautography results did not show any inhibitory zones and there was no change in color when given a spotting viewer. So that compounds cannot be identified that have antibacterial activity Abstrak. Karuk (Piper sarmetosum  Roxb. Ex. Hunter) merupakan tanaman yang diketahui memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri. Jerawat merupakan permasalahan pada kulit disebabkan adanya bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan potensi aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol dan fraksi daun karuk, serta dapat mengetahui golongan senyawa kimia yang terkandung dari hasil ekstrak etanol dan fraksi daun karuk yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Daun karuk diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, dilanjutkan dengan fraksinasi menggunakan metode ekstraksi cair-cair dengan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, dan air. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol dan fraksi dengan konsentrasi 2%, 4%, 6%, dan 8% menggunakan metode difusi sumuran agar. Untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri digunakan metode KLT Bioautografi. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan fraksi n-heksan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acnes dengan diameter hambat tertinggi 10,11mm pada ekstrak, dan pada fraksi n-heksan 10,93 mm.  pada fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi air tidak terbentuk adanya zona hambat sehingga tidak dapat memberikan aktivitas sebagai antibakteri. Hasil KLT Bioautografi tidak menunjukan adanya zona hambat serta tidak terdapat perubahan warna ketika diberikan penampak bercak. Sehingga tidak dapat teridentifikasi senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN FRAKSI KULIT BATANG BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Klebsiella pneumoniae DAN Staphylococcus epidermidis BESERTA BIOAUTOGRAFINYA

Biomedika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhtadi , MSi. ◽  
Ria Ambarwati ◽  
Ratna Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Water Fraction

Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) is a tropical plant that has antibacterial properties. The purpose of this study was to test the antibacterial activity of bark Belimbing wuluh against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus epidermidis and their bioautography. Extraction methods used to research is method maceration with a solvent ethanol 96 %. Fractinations done by method partition liquid-liquid with a separating funnel. Test performed in this research covering identi� cation bacteria, the sensitivity bacteria, antibacterial activity, thin layer chromatography, bioautography. The result of antibacterial activity ethanol extract of disk diffusion method with concentrations 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8±0,5; 10,34±0,58; 12,17±0,76 on Klebsiella pneumoniae, 10,17±0,29; 11±0; 11.5±0 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, n-hexane fraction with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8,34±0,29; 9,34±0,29; 10,84±0,76 on Klebsialla pneumoniae, 8,5±0,5; 9,34±0,29; 10,67±0,29 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, ethyl acetate fraction with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 9,17±0,29; 10,34±0,29; 11,17±0,29 on Klebsiella pneumoniae and 9,5±0,5; 10,67±0,29; 12,67±1,26 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, ethanol-water fractions with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/ disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8,17±0,29; 9,17±0,29; 10±0 on Klebsiella pneumoniae, 9±0; 9,67±0,29; 10,34±0,29 on Staphylococcus epidermidis. The TLC show chemical compounds contained in the ethanol extract, n-heksan fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and ethanol-water fraction is a compound of the saponins, alkaloids, � avonoids and phenolic. Bioautography showed that ethanol extracts, n-heksan faction, ethyl acetate fraction, and etanol-airfaction Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) bark have not antibacterial activity because there is no clear area around on plate TLC.Keywords: Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.), ethanol extract, fractination, antibacterial, bioautogra� .

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Extract and Fraction From Shitake Mushroom (Lentinula edodes) Against Acne Bacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Ika Kurnia Sukmawati ◽  
Ari Yuniarto ◽  
Widhya Alighita ◽  
Ade Zam-zam J
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Lentinus Edodes ◽  
Shiitake Mushrooms ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Acne is an inflammatory disease that occurs in the skin triggered by the bacteria acne treatment can be done by using natural materials that shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes). This aims of this study were to determining the antibacterial activity of extracts and fractions shiitake mushrooms with broth microdilution method, determining the value of equality shiitake mushrooms with antibacterial comparison and determining the morphological changes of bacteria after exposure to the test sample with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Tests conducted antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus at concentrations used is 1 ppm, 2 ppm, 4 ppm, 8 ppm, 16 ppm, 32 ppm, 64 ppm, 128 ppm, 256 ppm, 512 ppm. Best MIC value obtained in fraction of ethyl acetate and n-hexane fraction of the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 256 ppm. KBM value of the n-hexane fraction against Staphylococus aureus bacteria at concentrations of 512 ppm and ethyl acetate fraction against bacteria Staphylococus aureus and epidermidis at a concentration of 512 ppm. Value equality is obtained 1 mg of ethyl acetate fraction of shiitake mushrooms equivalent to 5.346 x 10-2 mg of tetracycline. SEM test results showed the presence of antibacterial activity which is indicated by a change in cell morphology, their lumps and their cell wall frown on Propionibacterium acnes were exposed to ethyl acetate fraction.Key words: Acne, Lentinus edodes, antibacterials, microdilution, SEM

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF FRUIT BANANA STONE AND MECHANISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Panal Sitorus ◽  
Dwi Suryanto, Hepni
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Cellular Metabolite ◽  
Cell Leakage

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the strength of antibacterial activity of the fraction of banana stone and its mechanism.Methods: The antibacterial activity test was performed using the diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the clear zone around the disc paper.Results: The results of antibacterial activity test showed that ethyl acetate fraction was more effective against bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes compared to n-hexane fraction.Conclusion: The resulting cellular metabolite leak showed that cell leakage in the three bacteria due to ethyl acetate fraction had leaked more protein than nucleic acid, while the leakage of more dissolved K+ ion than Ca2 + ions.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activities and Identification of Chemical Compound from Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb) Havil)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laela Nur Anisah ◽  
Wasrin Syafii ◽  
Gustan Pari ◽  
Rita Kartika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Isopropyl Myristate ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponin ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
High Contribution ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Samama (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) is one of a pioneer indigenous fast growing species in Indonesia which have been used as traditional medicine for various diseases. The objectives were to determine the yield extract, to analyze their antidiabetic activity by inhibition assay for α-glucosidase enzyme activity and chemical analysis with GCMS. Extraction of leaves, bark and wood samples were done by using ethanol 95%. Fractionation the most active  ethanol extract was conducted by using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The yield of ethanol extracts in leaves, bark and wood were 13.90%, 12.87%, and 2.18% respectively. Based on antidiabetic activity assay, the bark ethanol extract was the most active extract by the IC50 value of 5.86 μg mL-1. Phytochemical analysis on bark ethanol extracts showed that they contained flavonoid, quinon, triterpenoid, saponin and tannin which were assumed have high contribution in antidiabetic activities. The result of fractionation ethanol extract bark showed that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active fraction (IC50 6.82 μg mL-1). GCMS analysis indicated the presence of dominant phenolic compounds such as pyrocatechol, antiarol, isopropyl myristate and phenol in which were suspected have antidiabetic activity. These results strongly suggested that ethyl acetate fraction of Samama bark was a potential natural source for antidiabetic agents.

scholarly journals THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BAWANG DAYAK (ELEUTHERINE BULBOSA (MILL.) URB.) FROM CENTRAL KALIMANTAN AGAINST ACNE-CAUSING BACTERIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
SUSI NOVARYATIIN ◽  
SYAHRIDA DIAN ARDHANY
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: The objective of this research was to investigate the antibacterial activity of bawang dayak from Central Kalimantan against acne-causingbacteria namely Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus.Methods: The preliminary phytochemical constituents were qualitatively analyzed. Antibacterial activity of bawang dayak ethanol extract wasperformed using disc-diffusion technique, with five variations of concentration of 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20%.Results: Bawang dayak extract contained flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. The inhibition zones of bawang dayak ethanol extract in fivevarious concentrations (1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) were 7.0±1.3 mm, 8.5±0.6 mm, 9.9±0.3 mm, 11.2±0.1 mm, and 11.9±0.3 mm against P. acnes;18.8±3.3 mm, 21.9±3.3 mm, 20.8±0.6 mm, 22.0±0.2 mm, and 23.1±0.6 mm against S. epidermidis; and 14.3±3.1 mm, 13.5±0.9 mm, 14.7±1.5 mm,16.1±1.0 mm, and 20.1±0.6 mm against S. aureus, respectively.Conclusion: This present study showed that bawang dayak ethanol extract was active against all the tested acne-causing bacteria. The highestantibacterial activity was produced by 20% of bawang dayak ethanol extract against S. epidermidis.

scholarly journals SKRINING AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI FRAKSI EKSTRAK ETANOL KERNEL BIJI BUAH LIMUS (Mangifera foetida Lour.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureusDAN Escherichia coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Nurviana
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Tetracycline Hcl

<p class="Default"><em>Limus (Mangifera foetida Lour.) Is one of the local Indonesian fruits of the anacardiaceae family. Limus contain secondary metabolites that have pharmacological effects, including the kernel waste of the seeds of the fruit. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli on the fraction of kernel seed of limus fruits ethanolic extract in invitro using solid diffusion method with positive control Tetracycline HCl. The extraction process was carried out by maceration method, then fractionation was obtained to obtain the fraction of n-hexane, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction. Based on the result of the research, the fraction of n-hexane, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction of kernel ethanol extract limus fruit seed have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The highest activity was shown by fraction of ethyl acetate with minimum killing concentration (KBM) to Staphylococcus aureus was 5% with diameter equal to 4,33 ± 1.17 mm equal to 30,27 μg / mL Tetracycline HCl, and KBM value to Escherichia coli.4% (7.60 ± 0.14) mm equivalent to 26, 04 μg / mL Tetracycline HCl.<br /> <br /> <strong></strong></em></p><p class="Default"><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Kernel, M. foetida.</em></p>

scholarly journals Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Fraksi Etil Asetat dan n-Heksana dari Daun Mangga Kasturi (Mangifera casturi Kosterm.)

KOVALEN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
Dwi Lestari ◽  
Desy Fitriani ◽  
Serli Anngraeni
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Mango Leaves ◽  
Weak Antibacterial Activity

Kasturi mango (Mangifera casturi Kosterm.) is a typical mango of South Kalimantan. Kasturi mango leaves are reported to have antioxidant activity and are potential for treating various diseases, including diseases related to antibacterial. This study examines the antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate fraction and the n-hexane fraction of mango musk leaves on bacteria that cause acne. Experimental research started with plant determination, making extracts and fractions, phytochemical screening, and antibacterial testing against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes using the disk diffusion method. The study results found that the ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions had weak antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. acnes bacteria, which cause acne

scholarly journals Total Phenolic Content and Antibacterial Activity of Nut Grass (Cyperus rotundus L.) Extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Masfria ◽  
Yade Metri Permata
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Abstract. The objectives of this research was to study the macroscopic, the microscopic and phytochemicals characterization of raw materials, total polyphenol content and the antibacterial activity of nut grass extracts (Cyperus rotundus L.) against Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa.  The macroscopic and the microscopic characterization of raw materials were done with the determination of the water contents, the water soluble contents, the ethanol soluble contents, total ash and acid soluble ash. The extract was prepared by percolation using n-hexane, ethanol, and ethyl acetate as solvents. Phytochemical screening was done on the raw materials as well as n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts. Total phenol contents were tested with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method. The antibacterial activity test was done by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zones using the diffusion agar method.  The results showed that raw material retrieved 7.33% water content, 21.85% water soluble contents, 7.9% ethanol soluble contents, 1.53% total ash, and 0.67% total insoluble-acid ash. The phytochemical study showed that the nut grass contains various secondary metabolites including flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, anthraquinone glycosides, and steroid/triterpenoids. The total polyphenol contents of ethanol extracts were expressed as catechin equivalents 1.1616 mg/g extract.  All of the nut grass extract showed antibacterial activity. Ethyl acetate extract of nut grass indicated the highest antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. Ethanol extract was only effective against Staphylococcus epidermidis.   Keywords: Antibacterial Activity, Bacteria, Cyperus Rotundus L Extracts, Phenolic

scholarly journals Allelopathic effects of Psychotria viridis Ruiz & Pavon on the germination and initial growth of Lactuca sativa L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Amanda O. Andrade ◽  
Maria A. P. Da Silva ◽  
Alison H. De Oliveira ◽  
Marcos Aurelio F. Dos Santos ◽  
Lilian C. S. Vandesmet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The effects of aqueous and ethanol extracts and leaf fractions of <em>Psychotria viridis</em> Ruiz &amp; Pavon (chacrona) at different concentrations on the germination and initial growth of <em>Lactuca sativa</em> L. were tested, and the phenolic and flavonoid compounds of these extracts and fractions were assessed. The bioassays consisted of the following treatments: crude aqueous extract (CAE) at 25, 50, 75 and 100% concentration, crude ethanol extract (CEE) and ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and methanol fractions at 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100% concentration and a control group. All treatments consisted of five replicates. The CAE, CEE and the ethyl acetate fraction of <em>P. viridis</em> caused both positive and negative effects on the seeds and seedlings of <em>L. sativa</em>.<em> </em>By contrast, the dichloromethane and methanol fractions only caused negative effects on <em>L. sativa</em>. The following compounds were identified in the extracts and fractions: gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, catechin, orientin, vitexin, quercetin, apigenin, rutin and luteolin, and the presence of the alkaloid N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) has also been reported in the literature. <em>P. viridis</em> had allelopathic effects in all types of plant extracts and fractions tested, and one of these compounds or their combined action may account for these effects.

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