scholarly journals An Adaptive Multi-hop Clustered Voting to Improve the Message Trust in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mirzaei ◽  
Mahdi Mollamotalebi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Network Information ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Hoc Networks

The Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is used in intelligent transportation systems to make communication between vehicles and make appropriate decisions with regard to road or traffic conditions. Some main research issues in VANETs are unreliability in communication, delay/precision of decision making, information overheads, and handling the nodes dynamicity. This paper aimed to provide an efficient voting method to improve the reliability of decision making for message voting. It also reduces the voting delay and network information overhead. The proposed method is simulated in NS2. The experimental results indicated that the proposed method’s decision making precision is improved between 6 % and 30 % compared to similar methods in the literature, under conditions such as traffic amount, number of nodes and operation period time. It also reduces the number of transferred packets between 1 % and 9 % in different environmental conditions.

Survey on Risk-Based Decision-Making Models for Trust Management in VANETs

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-73
Author(s):  
Junaid Mohammad Qurashi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Trust Management ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hoc Networks

Ubiquitous use of wireless technology and ad-hoc networks have paved the way for intelligent transportation systems also known as vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). Several trust-based frameworks have been proposed to counter the challenges posed by such fast mobile networks. However, the dynamic nature of VANETs make it difficult to maintain security and reliability solely based on trust within peers. Decision-making upon collaborative communications is critical to functioning of VANETs in safe, secured, and reliable manner. Decision taken over malicious or wrong information could lead to serious consequences. Hence, risk management within paradigm of trust becomes an important factor to be considered. In this chapter, a survey of the existing works having incorporated risk factor in their trust models has been explored to give an overview of approaches utilized. The parameters chosen in these models are analyzed and categorized based on the approaches modeled. Finally, future research directions will be presented.

Modified fuzzy-based greedy routing protocol for VANETs

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 8357-8364
Author(s):  
Thompson Stephan ◽  
Ananthnarayan Rajappa ◽  
K.S. Sendhil Kumar ◽  
Shivang Gupta ◽  
Achyut Shankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Greedy Routing ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is the most growing research area in wireless communication and has been gaining significant attention over recent years due to its role in designing intelligent transportation systems. Wireless multi-hop forwarding in VANETs is challenging since the data has to be relayed as soon as possible through the intermediate vehicles from the source to destination. This paper proposes a modified fuzzy-based greedy routing protocol (MFGR) which is an enhanced version of fuzzy logic-based greedy routing protocol (FLGR). Our proposed protocol applies fuzzy logic for the selection of the next greedy forwarder to forward the data reliably towards the destination. Five parameters, namely distance, direction, speed, position, and trust have been used to evaluate the node’s stability using fuzzy logic. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed MFGR scheme can achieve the best performance in terms of the highest packet delivery ratio (PDR) and minimizes the average number of hops among all protocols.

A Comprehensive Survey of the Key Technologies and Challenges Surrounding Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Zhenchang Xia ◽  
Jia Wu ◽  
Libing Wu ◽  
Yanjiao Chen ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Graph Neural Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks ( VANETs ) and the services they support are an essential part of intelligent transportation. Through physical technologies, applications, protocols, and standards, they help to ensure traffic moves efficiently and vehicles operate safely. This article surveys the current state of play in VANETs development. The summarized and classified include the key technologies critical to the field, the resource-management and safety applications needed for smooth operations, the communications and data transmission protocols that support networking, and the theoretical and environmental constructs underpinning research and development, such as graph neural networks and the Internet of Things. Additionally, we identify and discuss several challenges facing VANETs, including poor safety, poor reliability, non-uniform standards, and low intelligence levels. Finally, we touch on hot technologies and techniques, such as reinforcement learning and 5G communications, to provide an outlook for the future of intelligent transportation systems.

Intrusion Detection in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks on Lower Layers

2015 ◽  
pp. 192-220
Author(s):  
Chong Han ◽  
Sami Muhaidat ◽  
Ibrahim Abualhaol ◽  
Mehrdad Dianati ◽  
Rahim Tafazolli
Keyword(s):  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Channel Errors ◽  
Major Attention ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) are a critical component of the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), which involve the applications of advanced information processing, communications, sensing, and controlling technologies in an integrated manner to improve the functionality and the safety of transportation systems, providing drivers with timely information on road and traffic conditions, and achieving smooth traffic flow on the roads. Recently, the security of VANETs has attracted major attention for the possible presence of malicious elements, and the presence of altered messages due to channel errors in transmissions. In order to provide reliable and secure communications, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) can serve as a second defense wall after prevention-based approaches, such as encryption. This chapter first presents the state-of-the-art literature on intrusion detection in VANETs. Next, the detection of illicit wireless transmissions from the physical layer perspective is investigated, assuming the presence of regular ongoing legitimate transmissions. Finally, a novel cooperative intrusion detection scheme from the MAC sub-layer perspective is discussed.

scholarly journals Recent Developments on Security and Privacy of V2V & V2I Communications: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-383
Author(s):  
Evangelos Mitsakis ◽  
Iliani Styliani Anapali
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Privacy Requirements ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Hoc Networks

In the recent years Intelligent Transportation Systems and associated technologies have progressed significantly, including services based on wireless communications between vehicles (V2V) and infrastructure (V2I). In order to increase the trustworthiness of these communications, and convince drivers to adopt the new technologies, specific security and privacy requirements need to be addressed, using Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). To maintain VANET′s security and eliminate possible attacks, mechanisms are to be developed. In this paper, previous researches are reviewed aiming to provide information concerning matches between an attack and a solution in a VANET environment.

scholarly journals Software-Defined Network-Based Vehicular Networks: A Position Paper on Their Modeling and Implementation

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel Nkenyereye ◽  
Lewis Nkenyereye ◽  
S. M. Riazul Islam ◽  
Yoon-Ho Choi ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Software Defined Networks ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Hoc Networks

There is a strong devotion in the automotive industry to be part of a wider progression towards the Fifth Generation (5G) era. In-vehicle integration costs between cellular and vehicle-to-vehicle networks using Dedicated Short Range Communication could be avoided by adopting Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) technology with the possibility to re-use the existing mobile network infrastructure. More and more, with the emergence of Software Defined Networks, the flexibility and the programmability of the network have not only impacted the design of new vehicular network architectures but also the implementation of V2X services in future intelligent transportation systems. In this paper, we define the concepts that help evaluate software-defined-based vehicular network systems in the literature based on their modeling and implementation schemes. We first overview the current studies available in the literature on C-V2X technology in support of V2X applications. We then present the different architectures and their underlying system models for LTE-V2X communications. We later describe the key ideas of software-defined networks and their concepts for V2X services. Lastly, we provide a comparative analysis of existing SDN-based vehicular network system grouped according to their modeling and simulation concepts. We provide a discussion and highlight vehicular ad-hoc networks’ challenges handled by SDN-based vehicular networks.

Clustering, Connectivity, and Monitoring Challenges in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 257-281
Author(s):  
Ameneh Daeinabi ◽  
Akbar Ghaffarpour Rahbar
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are appropriate networks that can be applied for intelligent transportation systems. Three important challenges in VANETs are studied in this chapter. The first challenge is to defend against attackers. Because of the lack of a coordination unit in a VANET, vehicles should cooperate together and monitor each other in order to enhance security performance of the VANET. As the second challenge in VANETs, scalability is a critical issue for a network designer. Clustering is one solution for the scalability problem and is vital for efficient resource consumption and load balancing in large scale VANETs. On the other hand, due to the high-rate topology changes and high variability in vehicles density, transmission range of a vehicle is an important issue for forwarding and receiving messages. In this chapter, we study the clustering algorithms, the solutions appropriate to increase connectivity, and the algorithms that can detect attackers in a VANET.

scholarly journals Smartphone-Based Platform for Secure Multi-Hop Message Dissemination in VANETs

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Hiram Galeana-Zapién ◽  
Miguel Morales-Sandoval ◽  
Carlos A. Leyva-Vázquez ◽  
Javier Rubio-Loyola
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Relay Nodes ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Message Dissemination ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are recognized as a cornerstone of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) to enable the exchange of information among vehicles, which is crucial for the provision of safety-related and entertainment applications. However, practical useful realizations of VANETs are still missing, mainly because of the elevated costs and the lack of a final standardization. In this regard, the feasibility of using smartphones as nodes in VANETs has been explored focusing on small-scale deployments to mainly validate single-hop communication capabilities. Moreover, existing smartphone-based platforms do not consider two crucial requirements in VANETs, namely, multi-hop communication and the provision of security services in the message dissemination process. Furthermore, the problem of securing message dissemination in VANETs is generally analyzed through simulation tools, while performance evaluations on smart devices have not been reported so far. In this paper, we aim to fill this void by designing a fully on-device platform for secure multi-hop message dissemination. We address the multi-hop nature of message dissemination in VANETs by integrating a location-based protocol that enables the selection of relay nodes and retransmissions criteria. As a main distinction, the platform incorporates a novel certificateless cryptographic scheme for ensuring data integrity and nodes’ authentication, suitable for VANETs lacking of infrastructure.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Link Stability and Connectivity in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1S) ◽  
pp. 266-271
Author(s):  
Kishor N. Tayade, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks is a promising sub-group of MANET. VANET is deployed on the highways, where the vehicles are mobile nodes. Safety and intelligent transportation are important VANET applications that require appropriate communication among vehicles, in particular routing technology. VANETs generally inherit their common features from MANETs where vehicles operate in a collaborative and dispersed way for promoting contact among vehicles and with network infrastructure like the Road Side Units (RSU) for enhanced traffic experience. In view of the fast growth of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), VANETs has attracted considerable interest in this decade. VANET suffer from a major problem of link failure due to dynamic mobility of vehicles. In this paper we proposed a position based routing algorithm to identify stable path, this will improve the routing by decreasing overhead and interrupting the number of links. Link Expiration Time (LET) is used to provide the stable link, the link with the longest LET is considered as the most stable link. The multicast Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (MAODV) is proposed to avoid the link breakages by using a link with longest LET.  Data loss is reduced by avoiding link breakages and enhance throughput by reducing the communication delay.

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