Abstract TP457: Brain Functional Alterations in Patients With Leukoaraiosis Associated Mild Cognitive Impairment

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Yu Mei Zhang ◽  
Yong Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and aims: Recent studies demonstrated that a signal change of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in certain brain areas during the resting state is a significant marker in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the research of resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) on leukoaraiosis (LA) associated MCI is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate differences of the rs-fMRI default network between patients with LA-associated MCI and normal subjects, and provide functional imaging evidence of LA-associated MCI during early stages of the disease. Method: All subjects were outpatients or thier residents of the Department of Neurology of the Beijing Tiantan Hospital. They were divided into MCI group and control group according to their cognitive function assessing by the Hamilton Depression Scale, Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Mini Mental State Exam and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Demographic information was recorded. Brain MRI characteristics were assessed using the Fazekas scale. The independent components of fMRI data were analyzed by fMRI tool box. The experimental data and confounding factors were analyzed by General Liner Model. Results: A total of 31 right-handed patients with LA-associated MCI and 27 right-handed healthy control subjects were included. The active areas participating in the resting state for LA-associated MCI group were mostly consistent with those of the control group. Compared with controls, the LA-associated MCI patients exhibited significantly lower blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals in the left anterior cingulate cortex (P=0.021) and right parahippocampal gyrus (P=0.032). Whereas higher BOLD signals during the resting state in LA-associated MCI patients were observed in the left caudate nucleus (P=0.015), right frontal lobe (P=0.004), superior temporal gyrus and inferior parietal gyrus (P=0.001), No significant difference was shown in the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus (P=0.138). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that the discriminating functional activation in specific brain areas could be identified in patients with LA-associated MCI, which might be used as an useful neuroimaging evidence for the early recognition of these patients.

scholarly journals Diagnostic power of resting-state fMRI for detection of network connectivity in Alzheimer's disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
BUHARI IBRAHIM ◽  
Nisha Syed Nasser ◽  
NORMALA IBRAHIM ◽  
Mazlyfarina Mohamed ◽  
Hasyma Abu Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Diagnostic Power

Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) detects functional connectivity (FC) abnormalities that occur in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). FC of the default mode network (DMN), which is involved in memory consolidation, is commonly impaired in AD and MCI. We aimed to determine the diagnostic power of rs-fMRI to identify FC abnormalities in the DMN, which help to distinguish patients with AD or MCI from healthy controls (HCs). We searched articles in PubMed and Scopus databases using the search terms such as AD, MCI, resting-state fMRI, sensitivity and specificity through to 27th March 2020 and removed duplicate papers. We screened 390 published articles, and shortlisted 12 articles for the final analysis. The range of sensitivity of DMN FC at the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) for diagnosing AD was between 65.7% - 100% and specificity ranged from 66 - 95%. Reduced DMN FC between the PCC and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the frontal lobes was observed in MCI patients. AD patients had impaired FC in most regions of the DMN; particularly the PCC in early AD. This indicates that DMN's rs-fMRI FC can offer moderate to high diagnostic power to distinguish AD and MCI patients. fMRI detected abnormal DMN FC, particularly in the PCC that helps to differentiate AD and MCI patients from healthy controls (HCs). Combining multivariate method of analysis with other MRI parameters such as structural changes improve the diagnostic power of rs-fMRI in distinguishing patients with AD or MCI from HCs.

Serum Vitamin D and Cingulate Cortex Thickness in Older Adults: Quantitative MRI of the Brain

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1063-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzague Foucault ◽  
Guillaume T Duval ◽  
Romain Simon ◽  
Olivier Beauchet ◽  
Mickael Dinomais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with brain changes, and cognitive and mobility declines in older adults. Method: Two hundred and fifteen Caucasian older community-dwellers (mean±SD, 72.1±5.5years; 40% female) received a blood test and brain MRI. The thickness of perigenual anterior cingulate cortex, midcingulate cortex and posterior cingulate cortex was measured using FreeSurfer from T1-weighted MR images. Age, gender, education, BMI, mean arterial pressure, comorbidities, use of vitamin D supplements or anti-vascular drugs, MMSE, GDS, IADL, serum calcium and vitamin B9 concentrations, creatinine clearance were used as covariables. Results: Participants with vitamin D insufficiency (n=80) had thinner total cingulate thickness than the others (24.6±1.9mm versus 25.3±1.4mm, P=0.001); a significant difference found for all 3 regions. Vitamin D insufficiency was cross-sectionally associated with a decreased total cingulate thickness (β=- 0.49, P=0.028). Serum 25OHD concentration correlated positively with the thickness of perigenual anterior (P=0.011), midcingulate (P=0.013) and posterior cingulate cortex (P=0.021). Conclusion: Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with thinner cingulate cortex in the studied sample of older adults. These findings provide insight into the pathophysiology of cognitive and mobility declines in older adults with vitamin D insufficiency.

scholarly journals Donepezil for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoungwon Baik ◽  
Seon Myeong Kim ◽  
Jin Ho Jung ◽  
Yang Hyun Lee ◽  
Seok Jong Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractWe investigated the efficacy of donepezil for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD-MCI). This was a prospective, non-randomized, open-label, two-arm study. Eighty PD-MCI patients were assigned to either a treatment or control group. The treatment group received donepezil for 48 weeks. The primary outcome measures were the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Exam and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores. Secondary outcome measures were the Clinical Dementia Rating, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III, Clinical Global Impression scores. Progression of dementia was assessed at 48-week. Comprehensive neuropsychological tests and electroencephalography (EEG) were performed at baseline and after 48 weeks. The spectral power ratio of the theta to beta2 band (TB2R) in the electroencephalogram was analyzed. There was no significant difference in the primary and secondary outcome measures between the two groups. However, the treatment group showed a significant decrease in TB2R at bilateral frontotemporoparietal channels compared to the control group. Although we could not demonstrate improvements in the cognitive functions, donepezil treatment had a modulatory effect on the EEG in PD-MCI patients. EEG might be a sensitive biomarker for detecting changes in PD-MCI after donepezil treatment.

scholarly journals RESTING STATE NETWORK AND MINDFULNESS IN MOTION PLUS DASH DIET IN AFRICAN AMERICANS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S112-S113
Author(s):  
Kathy D Wright ◽  
Klatt Maryanna ◽  
Ingrid Adams ◽  
Cady Block ◽  
Todd Monroe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Mindfulness Practice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Resting State Network

Abstract The resting state network (RSN) is a target of interest in neurodegenerative research, with evidence linking functional connectivity of its constituent nodes with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Given the emerging linkage between Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia disorders (ADRD) and hypertension (HTN), non-pharmacological interventions that promote RSN connectivity and blood pressure are needed. The purpose of this pilot study protocol is to deliver a novel intervention, combining mindfulness and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), to improve RSN connectivity and blood pressure in African American (AA) older adults with MCI and HTN. Thirty-six AAs aged 65 and older will be randomized to mindfulness plus DASH, attention control (non-health related education), or a control group. The Mindfulness in Motion (MIM) plus DASH intervention is delivered in 8-weekly group sessions of 6-10 participants. MIM includes mindful movements from chair/standing, breathing exercises and guided meditation. The DASH intervention uses a critical thinking approach that involves problem solving, goal setting, reflection, and developing self-efficacy. Both components are culturally tailored for older African Americans. Cognitive examination, diet and mindfulness practice surveys, blood pressure, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (RSN) data are collected at baseline and 3 months. Forty-eight AAs were screened and 17 were enrolled (women= 13; men= 4) to date. Of the 17 enrolled, 7 were eligible for neuroimaging. Findings from this pilot study may provide the preliminary evidence that MIM plus DASH may improve RSN connectivity and blood pressure in this population at risk for ADRD.

Reduced Thickness of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex as a Predictor of Amnestic-Mild Cognitive Impairment Conversion to Alzheimer’s Disease with Psychosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hee-Jeong Jeong ◽  
Young-Min Lee ◽  
Je-Min Park ◽  
Byung-Dae Lee ◽  
Eunsoo Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background: A long-term follow-up study in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is needed to elucidate the association between regional brain volume and psychopathological mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease with psychosis (AD + P). Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the thickness of the angular cingulate cortex (ACC) on the risk of AD + P conversion in patients with aMCI. Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective longitudinal study including 174 patients with aMCI. The main outcome measure was time-to-progression from aMCI to AD + P. Subregions of the ACC (rostral ACC, rACC; caudal ACC, cACC) and hippocampus (HC) were measured as regions of interest with magnetic resonance imaging and the Freesurfer analysis at baseline. Survival analysis with time to incident AD + P as an event variable was calculated with Cox proportional hazards models using the subregions of the ACC and HC as a continuous variable. Results: Cox proportional hazard analyses showed that the risk of AD + P was associated with sub-regional ACC thickness but not HC volume: reduced cortical thickness of the left cACC (HR [95%CI], 0.224 [0.087–0.575], p = 0.002), right cACC (HR [95%CI], 0.318 [0.132–0.768], p = 0.011). This association of the cACC with the risk of AD also remained significant when adjusted for HC volume. Conclusion: We found that reduced cortical thickness of the cACC is a predictor of aMCI conversion to AD + P, independent of HC, suggesting that the ACC plays a vital role in the underlying pathogenesis of AD + P.

scholarly journals Validation of the Argentine version of the Memory Binding Test (MBT) for Early Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Roman ◽  
Mónica Iturry ◽  
Galeno Rojas ◽  
Ernesto Barceló ◽  
Herman Buschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Memory Binding ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Background: "Forgetfulness" is frequent in normal aging and characteristic of the early stages of dementia syndromes. The episodic memory test is central for detecting amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The Memory Binding Test (MBT) is a simple, easy and brief memory test to detect the early stage of episodic memory impairment. Objective: To validate the Argentine version of the MBT in a Latin American population and to estimate the diagnostic accuracy as a tool for early detection of MCI. Methods: 88 subjects (46 healthy controls and 42 patients with amnestic MCI) matched for age and educational level were evaluated by an extensive neuropsychological battery and the memory binding test. Results: A significantly better performance was detected in the control group; all MBT scales were predictive of MCI diagnosis (p<.01). The MBT showed high sensitivity (69%) and high specificity (88%), with a PPV of 93% and a NPV of 55% for associative paired recall. A statistically significant difference (c2=14,164, p<.001) was obtained when comparing the area under the curve (AUC) of the MBT (0.88) and the MMSE (0.70). Conclusion: The Argentine version of the MBT correlated significantly with the MMSE and the memory battery and is a useful tool in the detection of MCI. The operating characteristics of the MBT are well suited, surpassing other tests commonly used for detecting MCI.

scholarly journals Selective Changes of Resting-State Brain Oscillations in aMCI: An fMRI Study Using ALFF

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilian Zhao ◽  
Jie Lu ◽  
Xiuqin Jia ◽  
Wang Chao ◽  
Ying Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Changes

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) refers to a transitional state between normal aging and dementia and is a syndrome with cognitive decline greater than expected for an individual’s age and educational level. As a subtype of MCI, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) most often leads to Alzheimer’s disease. This study aims to elucidate the altered brain activation in patients with aMCI using resting-state functional magnetic resonance. We observed Frequency-dependent changes in the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in aMCI patients (n=20), and normal subjects (n=18). At the same time, we took gray matter volume as a covariate. We found that aMCI patients had decreased amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation signal in left superior temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobe, and right postcentral gyrus compared to the control group. Specially, aMCI patients showed increased signal in left superior and middle frontal gyrus. Our results suggested that increased activation in frontal lobe of aMCI patients may indicate effective recruitment of compensatory brain resources. This finding and interpretation may lead to the better understanding of cognitive changes of aMCI.

scholarly journals Effects of Molecular Hydrogen Assessed by an Animal Model and a Randomized Clinical Study on Mild Cognitive Impairment

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyomi Nishimaki ◽  
Takashi Asada ◽  
Ikuroh Ohsawa ◽  
Etsuko Nakajima ◽  
Chiaki Ikejima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Molecular Hydrogen ◽  
Word Recall ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Oxidative stress is one of the causative factors in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. We previously reported that molecular hydrogen (H2) acts as a therapeutic and preventive antioxidant. Objective: We assess the effects of drinking H2-water (water infused with H2) on oxidative stress model mice and subjects with MCI. Methods: Transgenic mice expressing a dominant-negative form of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 were used as a dementia model. The mice with enhanced oxidative stress were allowed to drink H2-water. For a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study, 73 subjects with MCI drank ~300 mL of H2-water (H2-group) or placebo water (control group) per day, and the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) scores were determined after 1 year. Results: In mice, drinking H2-water decreased oxidative stress markers and suppressed the decline of memory impairment and neurodegeneration. Moreover, the mean lifespan in the H2-water group was longer than that of the control group. In MCI subjects, although there was no significant difference between the H2- and control groups in ADAS-cog score after 1 year, carriers of the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) genotype in the H2-group were improved significantly on total ADAS-cog score and word recall task score (one of the sub-scores in the ADAS-cog score). Conclusion: H2-water may have a potential for suppressing dementia in an oxidative stress model and in the APOE4 carriers with MCI.

scholarly journals Using Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations and Functional Connectivity in Patients With Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment for a Simulated Stimulation Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirui Wang ◽  
Bo Rao ◽  
Linglong Chen ◽  
Zhuo Chen ◽  
Pinyan Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Frequency Fluctuations

Stroke causes alterations in local spontaneous neuronal activity and related networks functional connectivity. We hypothesized that these changes occur in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) was calculated in 36 patients with cognitive impairment, including 16 patients with hemorrhagic stroke (hPSCI group), 20 patients with ischemic stroke (iPSCI group). Twenty healthy volunteers closely matched to the patient groups with respect to age and gender were selected as the healthy control group (HC group). Regions with significant alteration were regarded as regions of interest (ROIs) using the one-way analysis of variance, and then the seed-based functional connectivity (FC) with other regions in the brain was analyzed. Pearson correlation analyses were performed to investigate the correlation between functional indexes and cognitive performance in patients with PSCI. Our results showed that fALFF values of bilateral posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus and bilateral anterior cingulate cortex in the hPSCI group were lower than those in the HC group. Compared with the HC group, fALFF values were lower in the superior frontal gyrus and basal ganglia in the iPSCI group. Correlation analysis showed that the fALFF value of left PCC was positively correlated with MMSE scores and MoCA scores in hPSCI. Besides, the reduction of seed-based FC values was reported, especially in regions of the default-mode network (DMN) and the salience network (SN). Abnormalities of spontaneous brain activity and functional connectivity are observed in PSCI patients. The decreased fALFF and FC values in DMN of patients with hemorrhagic and SN of patients with ischemic stroke may be the pathological mechanism of cognitive impairment. Besides, we showed how to use fALFF values and functional connectivity maps to specify a target map on the cortical surface for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).

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