Analysis of the clinical efficacy of leuprolide acetate in the treatment of obese patients with endometriosis and its role on the expression of MIF gene

2022 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-288
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Liang Dong ◽  
Shuzhen Zhang ◽  
Lei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Leuprolide Acetate ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Uterine Muscle ◽  
Estrogen Production ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Endometriosis is an invasive but benign disease of women that develops in endometrial glands outside the endometrium and uterine muscle. It affects about 15-20% of women of childbearing age. One effective way to treat endometriosis is to use GnRH agonists, which inhibit estrogen production. However, one of the possible side effects of this treatment is obesity and BMI increasing, which is a concern for some patients. This study investigated the role of leuprolide acetate in treating overweight patients (BMI≥30) and their comparison with non-overweight patients (BMI<30) for six months. Also, the effect of this medicine was evaluated on the expression of the MIF gene, which is an effective gene in obesity. For this purpose, a clinical trial was performed on 75 women with endometriosis aged 18 to 35 years. These patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 38 patients with BMI<30. The second group consisted of 37 patients with BMI≥30. Both groups were treated with leuprolide acetate at a dose of 3.75 mg/month (intramuscularly) for six months. In addition to clinical evaluations, the expression of the MIF gene was assessed by the real-time PCR technique. The results showed that treatment with leuprolide acetate during six months in both groups reduced dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and chronic pelvic pain (P<0.05). Although this decrease was greater in the BMI <30 group, the difference was not significant. Also, after collecting the side effects of the medication, it was found that hypoestrogenism, such as cramps and spotting, was more in the first group; Endogenous complications such as oily skin, acne, and hirsutism were also more common in the second group. The results of MIF gene expression showed that the expression level before and after the start of the experiment in the second group (BMI≥ 30) is higher than the first group (BMI <30). The results also showed that the two groups increased the expression of the MIF gene after treatment with leuprolide acetate. This increase was statistically significant in the second group (P = 0.042). Generally, it was found that this medication causes more weight gain in obese people and increases the risk of obesity-related diseases among these patients. Therefore, it is recommended that this treatment be used with caution in obese patients with endometriosis.

scholarly journals Functional lung rejuvenation in obese patients after bariatric surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulo Maia Davila Melo ◽  
Pedro Alves Argentino ◽  
Murilo Matos de Santana Oliveira ◽  
Gabriela Nabuco Chaves Melo ◽  
Gildo Lima Souza Neto
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Summary Objective: To determine the lung age (LA) in obese people before and after bariatric surgery, compare the LA with the chronological age (CA) before and after the peration, and verify whether there was a functional pulmonary rejuvenation after it. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study including 43 morbidly obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery. The patients underwent clinical and spirometric evaluation in two stages, before and after the surgery. In both stages, LA, CA and spirometric variables were measured. Results: A significant improvement in the spirometric variables (FVC; FEV1; and FEV1/FVC ratio) was found after the operation (p≤ 0.0001). Comparing the LA before (50.93±13.36 years) and after the surgery (39.02±12.95 years), there was an important reduction of 11.90±9.12 years (95CI:9.10-14.71; p≤0.0001) in LA after surgery. The difference between LA and CA before surgery was 12.20± 11.71 years (95CI:8.60-15.81) with significant difference (p≤0.0001), and the difference between LA and CA after surgery was -1.95±11.83 years (95CI: -5.59-1.69) with no significant difference (p≤0.28). Regarding LA, we observed a pulmonary aging of 12.20±11.71 years before the surgery and a pulmonary rejuvenation of 11.90±9.12 years after it. Conclusion: Morbid obesity is responsible for early damage and functional accelerated pulmonary aging. After the correction of the body weight by surgery, there is a functional pulmonary rejuvenation demonstrated by the normalization of LA in relation to CA.

scholarly journals The implications for bank risk posed by the bail-in amendments to the ranking of unsecured senior debt instruments in insolvency hierarchy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Laurence Jones ◽  
Enrico Geretto ◽  
Maurizio Polato ◽  
Giulio Velliscig
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Bank Risk ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Bank Managers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Asset Class ◽  
European Banks

Given the scarce empirical research supporting the branch of literature investigating the shortcomings of the bail-in regime (Hadjiemmanuil, 2015; Walther & White, 2020; Tröger, 2020), this paper offers a contribution in this regard investigating the implications for bank risk posed by the amendments to the unsecured senior debt asset class required to enhance the bail-in regime. To this purpose, we use a sample of 46 banks distributed over 17 European countries over the period of Q1 2010–Q4 2019. We thus run a fixed effect panel data regression over the entire period and also over the subperiods before and after the start of the overhaul of the unsecured senior debt asset class. Our main result points out the significant role of unsecured senior debt in explaining bank’s risk after the start of the amendments campaign which allowed this asset class to serve the enhancement of the bail-in regime. We attribute this result to the uncertain gone-concern loss-absorbing capacity of unsecured senior debt and its material cost exacerbated by the bail-in buffer shortfall of many European banks. Our result pique policymakers’ attention to the side-effects of the amendments to the bail-in regime and further guide bank managers’ decisions about regulatory funding strategies.

The role of single nucleotide polymorphisms in GIPR gene in the changes of secretion in hormones and adipokines in patients with obesity with type 2 diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Skuratovskaia ◽  
M.A. Vulf ◽  
E.V. Kirienkova ◽  
N.I. Mironyuk ◽  
P.A. Zatolokin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Normal Expression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Regulation Of Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Leptin

The relationship between the rs2302382, rs8111428 and Glu354Gln (rs1800437) polymorphisms in GIPR (glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor) gene and plasma levels of mediators involved in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in obese patients with type 2 diabetes (before and after a test breakfast) was investigated. The contribution of polymorphic variants of rs2302382, rs8111428 in GIPR gene in the predisposition to type 2 diabetes in individuals belonging to the Slavic population of Russia was found. Polymorphisms rs2302382 and rs8111428 in the GIPR gene were characterized by the nonequilibrium cohesion. The decrease in the level of expression of the GIPR gene in adipose tissue of the small intestine mesentery in the carriers of the CC genotype rs2302382 and AA rs8111428 was associated with the increase in the plasma leptin level, whereas during normal expression, the plasma content of insulin, and GIP (in persons with the genotype of the polymorphism rs2302382 and AG polymorphism rs8111428), resistin and ghrelin (in individuals with the genotype of the polymorphism rs2302382) increased. We propose the stimulating effect of GIP on the secretion of resistin, leptin and ghrelin, with an increase in insulin production in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals The Role of Postpartum Intravenous Corticosteroids in the Prevention of Relapses in Multiple Sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Avila-Ornelas ◽  
Mirla Avila ◽  
Milena Stosic ◽  
Liliana Robles ◽  
Pilar Guillermo Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Relapse Rate ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Intravenous Methylprednisolone ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Difference

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is most prevalent in women of childbearing age. It is well established that the relapse rate decreases during pregnancy but increases significantly during the first postpartum trimester. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the administration of 1 g of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) after delivery in the prevention of MS relapses. The study involved 47 women with one or more documented pregnancies; each pregnancy was treated as a separate case. There were 50 cases with relapsing-remitting MS and 2 with secondary progressive MS. The cases were divided into two groups: the IVMP group (those who received 1 g of IVMP after delivery) and the no-IVMP group (those who did not receive IVMP after delivery). There were 39 cases in the IVMP group and 13 in the no-IVMP group. During the first postpartum trimester, relapses occurred in 17.9% of the IVMP group, compared with 46.2% of the no-IVMP group (P = .0448). The difference in relapse percentage between the two groups during the second and third postpartum trimesters was not statistically significant. Our study shows a statistically significant benefit of postpartum IVMP administration in reducing MS relapses.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Motivasi Wanita PUS Usia 35-49 Tahun untuk Menggunakan Implant Sebelum dan Setelah Diberi Penyuluhan di Dusun Mojolegi Desa Bendo Kec. Pare.

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Triatmi Andri Yanuarini ◽  
Susanti Pratamaningtyas ◽  
Rika Aprilia Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Removal Technique

Women who have age 35 these group will get increased morbidity and mortality experience if they pregnant. Implant is one method of effective an safety long-term contraception. Bendo Health Center have the lowest acceptor implants in Kediri that is 0%. The purpose of this research to know the difference motivation of childbearing age couples women in age  35-49 years to use implant before and after giving information. The design used a pre-experiment design with one group pre-test post-test design, the population was all childbearing age couples women in age  35-49 years at Mojolegi Hamlet Bendo Village Pare District who have children, not use contraception or still use non-Long Term contraception Method which total 72 people. The samplehave a lot 61 people according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample removal technique used simple random sampling. The result of this research, from 61 respondents get average of respondent motivation before give information is 65 and after give information is 69, show that respondent’s motivation get increase after got information. And after going through the data analysis it was found z calculate ; z table, so in this case have difference motivation of childbearing age couples women in age  35-49 years to use implants before and after giving information.; Keywords: Counseling, Motivation, Implants

The role of vasopressin and prolactin in abnormal salt and water metabolism of obese patients before and after fasting and during refeeding

Metabolism ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst J. Drenick ◽  
Harold E. Carlson ◽  
Gary L. Robertson ◽  
Jerome M. Hershman
Keyword(s):  
Obese Patients ◽  
Water Metabolism ◽  
Before And After

KAITAN PELATIHAN DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS KERJA KARYAWAN PT BOGOR AGRO LESTARI TAHUN 2007

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Dedy Mulyadi ◽  
Kartika .
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Statistical Computation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Considering the major role of human resource in achieving the company’s goal the company should provide an operational skill or knowledge directly from manager to employee’s levels. The company should give the employees a better understanding that the training is provided not only to execute the pre-determined program smoothly, but also to increase the quality of their achievement in their own field that in turn will influence their income, performance and future career planning. Comparing the statistical scores gained by the employee before and after the training proves the significant difference. After the training the score was higher (3.87%) than before the training (3.08%), which means that the training gave good impact. Other statistical computation using t – paired samples with α = 0.005 and degree of freedom (df = 29) also proved the difference where t counted (-38.445) is bigger than t table (-1.669). The training was basically aiming at formulating the expected ability from the employees to change their behavior. Such a change was formulated in terms of behavioral change and a short-term educational program by using systemic and organized procedures, so that operative employees learn technical and skill knowledge for specific purpose.

Devolution: where is the difference?

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Lund
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Sustainable Housing ◽  
New Towns ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Green Belts ◽  
Right To Buy

This chapter explores housing politics in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland both before and after formal devolution. It examines the role of local authority housing in Scotland prior to devolution in relationship to Green Belts and New Towns with particular reference to Glasgow and the sectarian politics in Northern Ireland leading to the creation of the Northern Ireland Housing Executive and direct Westminster rule. Post devolution housing politics under New Labour associated with homelessness, planning, stock transfer and changes in the housing market are explored. Divergent policies between the home nations since 2010, associated with the Coalition government’s housing policies, are analysed with special reference to land, social housing, the Right to Buy, the bedroom tax, sustainable housing and the regulation of private landlords.

scholarly journals PO-077 Hypoxia exercise improves glucose metabolism in the overweight and obese women

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Qi ◽  
Jianmin Cao ◽  
Xin Pang ◽  
Yongbin Duan
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Target Heart Rate ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Hypoxia Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Objective With the increase of social pressure and the unreasonable diet structure, the proportion of the overweight and obese people is increasing. Obesity is an important factor causing many chronic diseases, such as type II diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and so on. Epidemiological studies show that the proportion of obese people in China is still high. It has seriously hindered the further development of the Chinese health. The combination of diet and exercise is effective for reducing the weight. However, this method isn’t effective for overweight and obese people. Therefore, the way to reduce weight has become a central issue for many researchers. Studies have shown that the exposure of hypoxia condition can decrease weight and exercise can promote energy consumption. Exercises in a hypoxic environment provide a new way of thinking for the prevention and treatment of obesity and national fitness, and which are also a research hotspot for weight loss. Methods The study enrolled 40 young women with overweight/obese subjects, aged 18-47 years, with no abnormal physical examination. The criterion for overweight is BMI ≥ 24 and the criterion for obesity is BMI ≥ 28. All subjects were paired according to their body weight, divided into hypoxia group and normoxia group and they exercised for 6 weeks, 3 times a week, every other day. The content of the exercise intervention includes 30 minutes strength training and 30minutes endurance training. Strength training is in front and endurance training is in the back. There are 5 minutes of warm-up and finishing activities before and after training. Strength training uses dumbbells, chooses 12RM weight, exercise with 8 actions, which are dead lift, upright row, squat, shoulder press, calf Jump, advance junge, biceps curl and triceps extension, each action 2 Group, rest between groups for 30s. Endurance training uses a treadmill with a slope of 0°, and the speed is adjusted according to the target heart rate interval. The calculation method of the target heart rate interval is (220-age)×60%～(220-age)×70%. Meanwhile, the hypoxia group wears inhaled atmospheric hypoxia equipment and they exercised in a low-oxygen condition. The oxygen content of the inhaled mixed gas is 16%; the normoxia group exercises under the normal oxygen condition. Nutritional education was given to all subjects prior to the start of exercise intervention and the personal diet was controlled as much as possible, but diet was not restricted during the intervention. Body weight was measured before and after intervention. Fasting venous blood was taken. Blood glucose (GLU), insulin (INS) and glycated hemoglobin (GHb) were measured. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. All test results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between groups, and non-parametric Wilcoxon matching was used for symbol level test. The significance level was P<0.05, the level of very significant was P<0.01. Results  After intervention, the fasting blood glucose level of the hypoxia group and normoxia group decreased and the hypoxia group decreased more, but there was no significant difference compared with before intervention (P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the rate and the normoxia group (P>0.05). After intervention, the GHb levels in the hypoxia group and the normoxia group decreased, but there was a significant difference between the hypoxia group and the hypoxia group (P<0.05). The difference between the normoxia group was not significant (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of GHb change between the oxygen exercise group and the normoxia group (P>0.05). After intervention, the fasting INS levels in the hypoxia group and the normoxia group decreased, but there was a significant difference between the hypoxia group and the hypoxia group (P<0.05), and the difference between the normoxia group was not significant (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of fasting INS between the hypoxia group and the normoxia group (P>0.05). The HOMA-IR of the hypoxia group and the normoxia group decreased after intervention, but there was significant difference between the hypoxia group and the hypoxia group (P<0.05) and the difference between the normoxia group was not significant (P>0.05). The HOMA-IR rate of hypoxia exercise was not significantly different from that of normoxia group (P>0.05). Conclusions Compared with the normoxia group, the hypoxia group has a more improved glycosylated hemoglobin and insulin resistance index. It suggests that the exercise intervention of the hypoxia condition may be more effective in treating obesity and preventing chronic diseases.

Altered heart rate baroreflex during pregnancy: role of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (3) ◽  
pp. R960-R966 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Brooks ◽  
C. M. Kane ◽  
D. M. Van Winkle
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Baroreflex Control ◽  
Rate Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reflex Gain ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Perfused Hearts

Two studies were performed to determine whether the attenuation of baroreflex control of heart rate during late pregnancy in conscious rabbits is due to changes in parasympathetic (Para) or sympathetic (Sym) control of the heart. In the first, baroreflex relationships between arterial pressure and heart rate were generated before and after treatment with propranolol (Pro) to block Sym or with methscopolamine (Meth) to block Para. Each rabbit was studied in both the pregnant and nonpregnant state. Pregnancy decreased maximum baroreflex gain from 14.9 +/- 4.0 to 4.8 +/- 0.9 beats.min-1.mmHg-1 (P < 0.01) and decreased heart rate range from 177 +/- 6 to 143 +/- 10 beats/min (P < 0.01), primarily by increasing minimum heart rate (114 +/- 6 to 134 +/- 8 beats/min; P < 0.01). The difference between pregnant and nonpregnant rabbits in baroreflex gain was not altered by Meth but was abolished by Pro, suggesting that it is due to decreased Sym control of the heart. The elevated minimum heart rate of pregnancy persisted after Pro, but was abolished by Meth, suggesting that it is mediated by decreased Para control of the heart. In the second study, isolated buffer-perfused hearts from pregnant and nonpregnant rabbits were treated with increasing doses of isoproterenol (0.3-300 mM) or acetylcholine (0.3-10,000 microM), and the heart rate responses were determined. Hearts from pregnant rabbits were more sensitive to isoproterenol (P < 0.05), but less responsive to acetylcholine (P < 0.05). In conclusion, pregnancy-induced decreases in cardiac reflex gain and range appear to be mediated by alterations in Sym and Para, respectively. The change in Sym occurs proximal to the heart, whereas the decreased contribution of Para may be due, at least in part, to decreased sensitivity of the heart to acetylcholine.

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