Code-switching and vernacular support: an early Middle English case study

Multilingua ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne Skaffari
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Middle English ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
British Library ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
Switching Patterns ◽  
History Of

AbstractIn the multilingual history of England, the period following the Norman Conquest in 1066 is a particularly intriguing phase, but its code-switching patterns have so far received little attention. The present article describes and analyses the multilingual practices evinced in London, British Library, MS Stowe 34, containing one instructional prose text from c. 1200,

Functional and sociocultural attitudes of code-switching and its relation to the meaning-making process: The case of dubbing Kim Possible into Arabic

2021 ◽  
pp. 136700692110194
Author(s):  
Rashid Yahiaoui ◽  
Marwa J Aldous ◽  
Ashraf Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Sociocultural Attitudes ◽  
Switching Patterns ◽  
Switching Functions ◽  
Switching Type ◽  
Lebanese Arabic ◽  
Research Questions

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: The aim of this study is to investigate the sociolinguistic functions of code-switching and its relation to the meaning-making process by using the animated series Kim Possible as a case study. Design/methodology/approach: This study employs Muysken’s taxonomy to draw on code-switching patterns in lexico-grammar in relation to human behavior. The study also uses the functional approaches of Muysken and Appel and Gumperz as binary investigatory frameworks to locate interlingual and intralingual code-switching particularities and to elaborate on code-switching functions. Data and analysis: The analysis encompasses 48 episodes. Firstly, we extracted and transcribed code-switching occurrences in light of Muysken’s typology episode-by-episode and categorized them according to their code-switching type (interlingual or intralingual). Secondly, we quantified the occurrences according to their syntactic form to make more systematic claims about code-switching patterns. Next, we triangulated the patterns by examining the context of utterances and extralinguistic factors in the original series vis-à-vis the dubbed version to draw upon information beyond the structure or grammar. Findings/conclusions: The Arabic dubbed version was able to communicate the characters’ cosmopolitan diversity, which correlates with the series’ sense of linguistic modernity and humor. At the same time, the Arabic version was able to portray the extralinguistic reality of Lebanon and its multi-linguistic tapestry. Originality: This research is original because it focuses on Lebanese-Arabic, a dialect seldom discussed in the context of translation. The research also examines language variations in the context of dubbed discourse, where code-switching is integrally pertinent to visual-signs and the cultural background of characters. Significance/implications: The study recognizes the intricacy of code-switching as a reflective phenomenon of social reality and power dynamics; therefore, it contributes in the fields of translation and sociolinguistics.

scholarly journals VIRTUE LANGUAGE IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY ORIENTALISM: A CASE STUDY IN HISTORICAL EPISTEMOLOGY

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERMAN PAUL
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Historical Epistemology ◽  
Detailed Case ◽  
Thought Pattern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dependency Relations

Historical epistemology is a form of intellectual history focused on “the history of categories that structure our thought, pattern our arguments and proofs, and certify our standards for explanation” (Lorraine Daston). Under this umbrella, historians have been studying the changing meanings of “objectivity,” “impartiality,” “curiosity,” and other virtues believed to be conducive to good scholarship. While endorsing this historicization of virtues and their corresponding vices, the present article argues that the meaning and relative importance of these virtues and vices can only be determined if their mutual dependencies are taken into account. Drawing on a detailed case study—a controversy that erupted among nineteenth-century orientalists over the publication of R. P. A. Dozy'sDe Israëlieten te Mekka(The Israelites in Mecca) (1864)—the paper shows that nineteenth-century orientalists were careful to examine (1) the degree to which Dozy practiced the virtues they considered most important, (2) the extent to which these virtues were kept in balance by other ones, (3) the extent to which these virtues were balanced by other scholars’ virtues, and (4) the extent to which they were expected to be balanced by future scholars’ work. Consequently, this article argues that historical epistemology might want to abandon its single-virtue focus in order to allow balances, hierarchies, and other dependency relations between virtues and vices to move to the center of attention.

scholarly journals Drawing as performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodor Barth
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Early Autumn ◽  
The Arts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artistic Research

The objective of the present article is to re-work and radically reframe a case study on drawing presented at the E&PDE conference, hosted by OsloMet in the early autumn of 2017. The case study was experimental – involving a drawer, a furniture designer, an MA student (at the time) and an anthropologist. The present article ventures to draw certain learning outcomes from the experiment. These are presently relevant in the context of the heritage of a drawing school founded in 1818 and in the wake of the current activities in artistic research (AR) at the Oslo National Academy of the Arts (KHiO). The focus is on the educational aspects of ‘doing research’. The article queries the relation between drawing, writing and field research in the history of the school and currently in AR. Keywords: drawing, writing, field research, process, reframing, case study, comparison, first science, third-party readability, non-philosophy.  

scholarly journals Melchor Cano and the Spirituality of St. Ignatius Loyola: The Censura y parecer contra el Insituto de los Padres Jesuitas

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-394
Author(s):  
Terence O’Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Critical Edition ◽  
Society Of Jesus ◽  
British Library ◽  
Spiritual Exercises ◽  
History Of

The leading critic in Spain of the early Society of Jesus and its founder was the Dominican theologian Melchor Cano, who believed that the spirituality of Ignatius and his companions was a form of illuminism. During the 1550s he set out his reasons for thinking this in his Censura y parecer contra el Insituto de los Padres Jesuitas, a document he intended to show to the pope. It survives in a number of manuscripts, one of them in the British Library in London. The present article traces the history of the text, which was long considered lost, and examines its portrayal of Ignatius, the Spiritual Exercises, and the Society. It concludes with a critical edition of the British Library manuscript.

scholarly journals The digitization of photographic albums at the Victoria and Albert Museum and other London-based cultural institutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne Yuen
Keyword(s):  
British Museum ◽  
British Library ◽  
Institutional History ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Technical Factors ◽  
Victoria And Albert Museum

This thesis investigates current digitization approaches to photographic albums by surveying the practices at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, England alongside three other London-based institutions: the British Museum, British Library, and National Portrait Gallery. It highlights the value in researching and recording these documentation methods as an integral yet often overlooked part of museums’ institutional history. For contextual background for the survey, a brief history of photographic albums and their inherent conservation issues is presented along with albums’ digitization guidelines and a discussion of how digitization influences our relationship to the original object. The types of digitization methods employed at each institution is then examined to understand how curatorial and technical factors influence the digitization process and to observe the trends across the four institutions. A case study was performed at the Victoria and Albert Museum of a photographic album being digitized and is included in the appendices.

scholarly journals Educar para a sustentabilidade: Administração Pública Federal Brasileira em foco

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananélia Meireles Dubois ◽  
Andreia Pereira Silverio ◽  
Luiz Caldeira Brant de Tolentino-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
The State ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Descriptive Case Study ◽  
Representative Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Estudio De Caso

O artigo, por meio de estudo de caso exploratório e descritivo, apresenta o modo de implementação da sustentabilidade nas compras públicas de papel de três organizações públicas federais, e indica o caráter distintivo da educação nesse processo. É contextualizado o histórico da inserção do conceito nas discussões globais, e a importância da participação do Estado como indutor de novos padrões de consumo para a sustentabilidade. O arcabouço legal expõe sustentação normativa para as compras públicas. No entanto, o tratamento conceitual da sustentabilidade é referenciado como um dos obstáculos para a sua inserção efetiva nas compras públicas. A relevância do trabalho está na consideração de dados representativos do cotidiano organizacional público. Esses dados são indicativos da necessidade de uma educação participativa. The present article, through exploratory and descriptive case study, presents the means of implementation of sustainability in public acquisitions fro paper in three federal civil organizations, and indicates the distinctive character of education in the process. The history of insertion of that concept in global discussions is contextualized, as well as the importance of the State as a model for new standards in consumption. The legal background establishes directives for public purchases. However, the conceptual treatment of sustainability is referenced as an obstacle to its effective insertion in public purchases. The work’s relevance lies in the consideration of representative data from the routine of public organizations. These data are indicative of need for a participative education. El artículo, por medio de estudio de caso exploratorio y descriptivo, presenta el modo de implementación de la sostenibilidad en las compras públicas de papel de tres organizaciones públicas federales, y indica el carácter distintivo de la educación en ese proceso. Es contextualizado el histórico de la inserción del concepto en las discusiones globales, y la importancia del Estado como inductor de nuevos patrones de consumo para la sostenibilidad. El marco legal presentado expone sustentación normativa para las compras públicas. Sin embargo, el trato conceptual de la sostenibilidad es referenciado como uno de los obstáculos para su inserción en las compras públicas. La relevancia del trabajo está en la consideración de datos representativos del cotidiano organizacional público. Estos datos son indicativos de la necesidad de una educación participativa.

scholarly journals The digitization of photographic albums at the Victoria and Albert Museum and other London-based cultural institutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne Yuen
Keyword(s):  
British Museum ◽  
British Library ◽  
Institutional History ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Technical Factors ◽  
Victoria And Albert Museum

This thesis investigates current digitization approaches to photographic albums by surveying the practices at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, England alongside three other London-based institutions: the British Museum, British Library, and National Portrait Gallery. It highlights the value in researching and recording these documentation methods as an integral yet often overlooked part of museums’ institutional history. For contextual background for the survey, a brief history of photographic albums and their inherent conservation issues is presented along with albums’ digitization guidelines and a discussion of how digitization influences our relationship to the original object. The types of digitization methods employed at each institution is then examined to understand how curatorial and technical factors influence the digitization process and to observe the trends across the four institutions. A case study was performed at the Victoria and Albert Museum of a photographic album being digitized and is included in the appendices.

scholarly journals History of English as punctuated equilibria? A meta-analysis of the rate of linguistic change in Middle English

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terttu Nevalainen ◽  
Tanja Säily ◽  
Turo Vartiainen ◽  
Aatu Liimatta ◽  
Jefrey Lijffijt
Keyword(s):  
Middle English ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
Punctuated Equilibria ◽  
Late Medieval Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Using Data

AbstractIn this paper, we explore the rate of language change in the history of English. Our main focus is on detecting periods of accelerated change in Middle English (1150–1500), but we also compare the Middle English data with the Early Modern period (1500–1700) in order to establish a longer diachrony for the pace at which English has changed over time. Our study is based on a meta-analysis of existing corpus research, which is made available through a new linguistic resource, the Language Change Database (LCD). By aggregating the rates of 44 individual changes, we provide a critical assessment of how well the theory of punctuated equilibria (Dixon, Robert M. W. 1997. The rise and fall of languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) fits with our results. More specifically, by comparing the rate of language change with major language-external events, such as the Norman Conquest and the Black Death, we provide the first corpus-based meta-analysis of whether these events, which had significant societal consequences, also had an impact on the rate of language change. Our results indicate that major changes in the rate of linguistic change in the late medieval period could indeed be connected to the social and cultural after-effects of the Norman Conquest. We also make a methodological contribution to the field of English historical linguistics: by re-using data from existing research, linguists can start to ask new, fundamental questions about the ways in which language change progresses.

2. Origins

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-32
Author(s):  
Simon Horobin
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle English ◽  
Old English ◽  
English Language ◽  
French Language ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
Language Origins ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Late Modern

Where does the English language come from? While English is distantly related to both Latin and French, it is principally a Germanic language. ‘Origins’ provides a brief history of the English language, highlighting a number of substantial changes, which have radically altered its structure, vocabulary, pronunciation, and spelling. It begins with Old English (AD 650–1100), then moves on to Middle English (1100–1500), which saw the impact of the French language after the Norman Conquest of 1066. The Early Modern English period (1500–1750) witnessed the biggest impact of Latin upon English, while Late Modern English (1750–1900) resulted in an expansion of specialist vocabulary using Latin and Greek.

scholarly journals Language choice, language alternation and code-switching in the Mercator-Hondius Atlas

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Aleksi Mäkilähde
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Switching Patterns ◽  
Language Alternation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
First Editions ◽  
Linguistic Approach ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Parts

The atlas of Gerardus Mercator (Gerard de Cremer), or the Atlas sive cosmographicae meditationes de fabrica mundi et fabricati figura, is one of first modern atlases and one of the most famous of those compiled in the Netherlands. The first (unfinished) edition was published in 1595, but the copperplates were later acquired by Jodocus Hondius (Joost de Hondt) and his business associates. The revised Mercator-Hondius Atlas was published for the first time in 1606 with added maps and texts. The texts printed on verso of the maps were written by Petrus Montanus (Pieter van den Berg), who was a brother-in-law of Hondius and a Latin teacher. Many subsequent editions of the atlas were produced in the years that followed. The first editions were in Latin, but versions in European vernaculars such as French, German and Italian were produced later as well. The present article focuses on the multilingual nature of the Mercator-Hondius Atlas (1613, editio quarta) by discussing language choice, language alternation and code-switching patterns in different parts of the atlas. The dominant language of the descriptive texts is Latin, but there are also switches into many other languages, including Greek (written in Greek script) and several vernaculars. Furthermore, the map pages tend to indicate the names of different types of area (e.g. cities, seas, and oceans) in different languages. The aim of the present article is to provide a preliminary exploration of the possibilities of approaching the atlas with the aid of concepts and ideas derived from modern code-switching studies. I demonstrate how these concepts can be used to describe the language choice patterns in the text and discuss some of the challenges the data poses for a linguistic approach.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document