scholarly journals Pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain – treatment modalities

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Starzec ◽  
Aleksandra Truszczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Everyday Activity ◽  
Current State ◽  
Common Complaint

Abstract Introduction: Pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain is a common complaint which often limits everyday activity of a pregnant woman. Accurate and individualized treatment is needed as, if ignored, pain can become a long term condition. The aim of this article is to present the current state of knowledge about possible treatment modalities for pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain. Summary: Current knowledge gives us a variety of effective tools which help reduce pain and functional limitations with no harm to a mother and foetus. There is no single and most effective treatment strategy. A combination of evidence-based methods produces the best treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Nursing Interventions to Prevent Delirium in Critically Ill Patients in the Intensive Care Unit during the COVID19 Pandemic—Narrative Overview

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Dorota Ozga ◽  
Sabina Krupa ◽  
Paweł Witt ◽  
Wioletta Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Nursing Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Reliable Methods

It has become a standard measure in recent years to utilise evidence-based practice, which is associated with a greater need to implement and use advanced, reliable methods of summarising the achievements of various scientific disciplines, including such highly specialised approaches as personalised medicine. The aim of this paper was to discuss the current state of knowledge related to improvements in “nursing” involving management of delirium in intensive care units during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This narrative review summarises the current knowledge concerning the challenges associated with assessment of delirium in patients with COVID-19 by ICU nurses, and the role and tasks in the personalised approach to patients with COVID-19.

Chronic Plantar Heel Pain: Treatment with a Short Leg Walking Cast

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Tisdel ◽  
Marion C. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Heel Pain ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Plantar Heel Pain ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

The efficacy of a short leg walking cast in the treatment of chronic plantar heel pain was assessed for 32 patients with 37 involved extremities treated over a 2-year period. All patients had failed numerous other treatment modalities and had been symptomatic for an average of 1 year. Long-term follow-up for 24 patients with 28 involved extremities revealed complete resolution of pain for 7 extremities (25%), improvement for 17 (61%), and no improvement for 4 (14%). Ten (42%) patients were completely satisfied with cast treatment, 3 (12%) were satisfied with reservations, and 11 (46%) were dissatisfied. Casting appears to be a reasonable option for patients with recalcitrant heel pain and should be offered before surgical intervention.

scholarly journals Interaction Between Planetary Boundary Layer and PM2.5 Pollution in Megacities in China: a Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yucong Miao ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Shiguang Miao ◽  
Huizheng Che ◽  
Yaqiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Land Breeze ◽  
Thermal Inversion ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Current State ◽  
Blocking Effects ◽  
Aerosol Radiative Effects

Abstract Purpose of Review During the past decades, the number and size of megacities have been growing dramatically in China. Most of Chinese megacities are suffering from heavy PM2.5 pollution. In the pollution formation, the planetary boundary layer (PBL) plays an important role. This review is aimed at presenting the current state of understanding of the PBL-PM2.5 interaction in megacities, as well as to identify the main gaps in current knowledge and further research needs. Recent Findings The PBL is critical to the formation of urban PM2.5 pollution at multiple temporal scales, ranging from diurnal change to seasonal variation. For the essential PBL structure/process in pollution, the coastal megacities have different concerns from the mountainous or land-locked megacities. In the coastal cities, the recirculation induced by sea-land breeze can accumulate pollutants, whereas in the valley/basin, the blocking effects of terrains can lead to stagnant conditions and thermal inversion. Within a megacity, although the urbanization-induced land use change can cause thermodynamic perturbations and facilitate the development of PBL, the increases in emissions outweigh this impact, resulting in a net increase of aerosol concentration. Moreover, the aerosol radiative effects can modify the PBL by heating the upper layers and reducing the surface heat flux, suppressing the PBL and exacerbating the pollution. Summary This review presented the PBL-PM2.5 interaction in 13 Chinese megacities with various geographic conditions and elucidated the critical influencing processes. To further understand the complicated interactions, long-term observations of meteorology and aerosol properties with multi-layers in the PBL need to be implemented.

scholarly journals Knowledge about antipsychotic long-acting injections: Bridging that gap

2009 ◽  
Vol 195 (S52) ◽  
pp. s5-s6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Burns
Keyword(s):  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Experimental Trials

SummaryAntipsychotics in depot (or ‘long-acting injection’, LAI) form are shown in this supplement to be a significant component of clinical practice. They are comparatively underresearched, which may reflect their frequent use witih poorly adherent patients. This supplement clearly demonstrates the need for that research, highlighting the variations in dosing and the absence of established, specific guidelines in their use. Traditional evidence-based approaches to systematic reviews are of limited utility in this area so this supplement's blending of experimental trials with observational research is particularly appropriate and effective. After a brief decline in their use with the introduction of oral atypical antipsychotics, LAIs are regaining a central position in the care of long-term psychosis. This comprehensive review of current knowledge makes a timely contribution.

Self-Management of Vision Impairments

2017 ◽  
pp. 440-464
Author(s):  
Vicki Blair Drury ◽  
Ai Tee Aw ◽  
Priscilla Shiow Huey Lim
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Barriers And Challenges

Many of the eye conditions that lead to vision loss are long-term conditions that require ongoing management. Vision loss has a profound impact on an individual’s life: occupational, social, and recreational. Most vision loss is degenerative and progressive. Yet self-management of the consequences of the condition can empower individuals to maintain independence and to continue doing chosen activities. This chapter initially describes the prevalence of vision loss and the most common conditions causing vision loss in adults. It then describes functional limitations of vision loss and barriers and challenges to self-management. Finally, an overview of coping strategies and evidence-based interventions is provided.

scholarly journals Physiotherapy for tennis elbow: a survey of knowledge and practice within the UK and Ireland

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nicholas Harland ◽  
Nick Livadas
Keyword(s):  
Tennis Elbow ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Setting ◽  
Current State ◽  
Secondary Purpose ◽  
High Quality Evidence ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
The Uk ◽  
E Mail

Background/Aims The purpose of the survey was to investigate the current state of knowledge and practice regarding tennis elbow within a physiotherapy population. A secondary purpose was to explore attitudes towards emerging electrotherapeutic technologies in the treatment of tennis elbow and to ascertain if culturally, within physiotherapy, there could be bias against such technologies because of a historic lack of high-quality evidence surrounding them. Methods The survey was undertaken entirely online using an e-mail cascade and 253 responses were gained. Results Overall, respondents overestimated the strength of evidence supporting a list of common treatment modalities. Where electrotherapeutic modalities were concerned, however, the vast majority of the sample thought the evidence was poor. Where diagnosis and management were concerned the majority of respondents appeared to practice in an evidence-based fashion. Conclusions Perhaps the most important finding of the study is that a third of respondents thought they might be biased against new electrotherapeutic technologies, even if they were using them within a research setting. The implications of this are discussed in the context of how factors such as communication and therapist affects may change treatment outcomes.

Acute stress-induced (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy

Heart ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana K Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Acute Setting ◽  
Current State

Acute stress-induced (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy has a dramatic clinical presentation, mimicking an acute myocardial infarction and is triggered by intense emotional or physical stress. In this paper, we review the current state of knowledge of the mechanistic physiology underlying the left ventricular ballooning. The pathophysiology of the recovery from this acute heart failure syndrome is presented. The short-term and long-term outlook puts this new syndrome on a different perspective compared with recently held views. Current knowledge on susceptibility and predisposition already define distinctive characteristics of patients with takotsubo compared with myocardial infarction. Gaps in knowledge and future directions of research are identified in order to best direct efforts for identifying specific therapies for this condition, in the acute setting, to mitigate postacute symptoms or to prevent recurrences, none of which exist.

Neurocognitive Outcomes in Children with Brain Tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (03) ◽  
pp. 315-321
Author(s):  
Cassie N. Kline ◽  
Sabine Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Intrathecal Methotrexate ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Neurocognitive Outcomes

AbstractBrain tumors are the most common solid tumor in childhood, and although survival outcomes continue to improve, survival is frequently offset by devastating late effects from tumor and treatment. The long-term effects of brain tumors and the therapy necessary to treat them range from sensory and neuroendocrine abnormalities to neurocognitive deficits leading to inferior quality of life. The multifactorial neurocognitive injury is one of the most broadly impacting and challenging late effects to predict and subsequently treat. Certain treatment modalities, such as intrathecal methotrexate and radiation, have been shown to be associated with poor neurocognition; however, long-term outcomes remain highly variable. There are efforts underway to investigate how to better predict, identify, and manage such neurocognitive injury in survivors of pediatric brain tumors. Herein, we focus on the current knowledge of neurocognitive outcomes and potential treatment strategies for this high-risk group.

scholarly journals Molar Incisor Hypomineralization from Inception to Intervention–Evidence Based Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
Rana A. Alamoudi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Tailored Treatment ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

Background: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is considered a highly prevalent clinical problem worldwide. The etiology of MIH involves a complex interaction between systemic and environmental insults with possible genetic contribution. Early diagnosis is facilitated by collaboration between clinicians responsible for oral health management of the patient and is the key for enhancing the long-term prognosis and quality of life of affected children. MIH management is a formidable oral health challenge due to the wide spectrum of clinical presentation with the need for tailored treatment for the child affected by MIH condition. Objective: To provide dental practitioners with an updated and evidence-based overview of MIH etiology, diagnosis, and treatments modalities available for its management. Conclusion: In this review, recent clinical evidence on MIH etiology, diagnosis and treatment is presented. Given recent availability of sophisticated technologies there is an increasing number of treatment modalities now at the fingertips of all oral health clinicians alike, ranging from preventive measures, management of hypersensitivity to advanced restorative techniques. The tailored treatment plan should encompass a short and long-term approach requiring more frequent dental check-ups in order to achieve better outcomes and prognosis. Future translational clinical research to best practice that will enhance our understanding of the exact causes of MIH and allow development of standardized diagnostic criteria as well as optimal treatment strategies are warranted.

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