„Alles war in wirrer Bewegung auf ein vollkommenes Chaos hin“ Otto Braun, Hermann Neubacher, die „Deutsch-Griechische Warenausgleichsgesellschaft mbH“ (DEGRIGES) und die Wirtschaft Griechenlands 1942–1944 / „Everything Was in Confusion and a Movement, Heading toward Complete Chaos“ Otto Braun, Hermann Neubacher, the „Deutsch-Griechische Warenausgleichsgesellschaft mbH“ (DEGRIGES, „German-Greek Organization for the Balancing of Trade), and the Economy of Greece 1942–1944

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-89
Author(s):  
Carl Freytag
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Office ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
German Wehrmacht

Abstract In 1942, one year after the occupation of Greece by the German “Wehrmacht”, the “Reichswirtschaftsministerium” set up the DEGRIGES (Deutsch-Griechische Warenausgleichsgesellschaft / German-Greek organization for the exchange of goods) for the control of trade between Germany and Greece. The president was Otto Braun, owner of the Berlin-based „Transdanubia“, an Import- Export-Company. Braun organised in the 1920s in Bavaria illegal arms depots, and commanded „Feme“-murders. In Hungary he supported the fascists, and achieves the „aryanization“ of Jewish companies. The focus of the investigation is on the activities of the DEGRIGES in the network of competing organizations like the greek branch of NSDAP, the Sudosteuropa-Gesellschaft, the SACIG (the Italian counterpart of DEGRIGES), and the Mitteleuropaischer Wirtschaftstag (MWT) − and on the competition with Hermann Neubacher, „Sonderbeauftrager“ of the Foreign Office for Greece, and Max Merten, one of the organizers of the deportation of the greek Jews to Auschwitz. In summary, it can be stated that the DEGRIGES was from 1942 until 1944 (when it was liquidated during the withdrawal of the “Wehrmacht”) an „agency for the wellarranged exploitation of Greece“.

„Alles war in wirrer Bewegung auf ein vollkommenes Chaos hin“ Otto Braun, Hermann Neubacher, die „Deutsch-Griechische Warenausgleichsgesellschaft mbH“ (DEGRIGES) und die Wirtschaft Griechenlands 1942–1944 / „Everything Was in Confusion and a Movement, Heading toward Complete Chaos“ Otto Braun, Hermann Neubacher, the „Deutsch-Griechische Warenausgleichsgesellschaft mbH“ (DEGRIGES, „German-Greek Organization for the Balancing of Trade), and the Economy of Greece 1942–1944

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Freytag
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Office ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
German Wehrmacht

AbstractIn 1942, one year after the occupation of Greece by the German “Wehrmacht”, the “Reichswirtschaftsministerium” set up the DEGRIGES (Deutsch-Griechische Warenausgleichsgesellschaft / German-Greek organization for the exchange of goods) for the control of trade between Germany and Greece.The president was Otto Braun, owner of the Berlin-based „Transdanubia“, an Import- Export-Company. Braun organised in the 1920s in Bavaria illegal arms depots, and commanded „Feme“-murders. In Hungary he supported the fascists, and achieves the „aryanization“ of Jewish companies.The focus of the investigation is on the activities of the DEGRIGES in the network of competing organizations like the greek branch of NSDAP, the Sudosteuropa-Gesellschaft, the SACIG (the Italian counterpart of DEGRIGES), and the Mitteleuropaischer Wirtschaftstag (MWT) − and on the competition with Hermann Neubacher, „Sonderbeauftrager“ of the Foreign Office for Greece, and Max Merten, one of the organizers of the deportation of the greek Jews to Auschwitz.In summary, it can be stated that the DEGRIGES was from 1942 until 1944 (when it was liquidated during the withdrawal of the “Wehrmacht”) an „agency for the wellarranged exploitation of Greece“.

ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION FOR SCHOOLCHILDREN IN A SEAWATER POND FOR CREATING A SATOUMI

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Maeda ◽  
Mari Maeda ◽  
Yasunori Kozuki ◽  
Yasunori Kozuki ◽  
Ken Hirai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Tidal Flats ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Hyogo Prefecture ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year

In 2006, Hyogo prefecture opened the “Araihamakaze” park on reclaimed land leased with cooperation from some companies, and set up a seawater pond called “Konourafuna Ike” in the park. The initial plan was to make this seawater pond into a Satoumi, but since the water in the pond was stagnant, algae flourished making it uninhabitable for other living creatures. The authors conducted investigative research to implement activities for improving the environment and popularizing the park. This report is a summary of the results obtained and challenges faced while conducting these activities in the area over one year, which included involving the local schoolchildren in constructing tidal flats. The answers to the questionnaire revealed that schoolchildren understood that the nutrients in the seawater pond “go round and round” through the food chain and are utilized by living creatures. They realized that this process is called “circulation.”To the question, “Do you want to develop tidal flats?” 9 of the 10 children answered YES. However, only 50% of the children understood that a measure to prevent the degradation of the environment of the seawater pond is to “Construct tidal flats,” which suggested that there is a need to correlate the issues and the solutions to enhance their understanding.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in conflict border regions: a case of South Kordofan, Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quraish Sserwanja ◽  
Mohammed Bashir Adam ◽  
Joseph Kawuki ◽  
Emmanuel Olal
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality ◽  
Mechanical Ventilators ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Bed Capacity ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
South Kordofan

AbstractThe novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first reported in Sudan on 13 March 2020. Since then, Sudan has experienced one of the highest rates of COVID-19 spread and fatalities in Africa. One year later, as per 22 March 2021, Sudan had registered 29,661 confirmed cases and 2,028 deaths with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 6.8 %. By 12 December 2020, of the 18 states in Sudan, South Kordofan had the fifth highest CFR of 17.4 %, only surpassed by the other conflict affected North (57.5 %), Central (50.0 %) and East (31.8 %) Darfur States. By late March 2021, just three months from December 2020, the number of cases in South Kordofan increased by 100 %, but with a significant decline in the CFR from 17.4 to 8.5 %. South Kordofan is home to over 200,000 poor and displaced people from years of destructive civil unrests. To date, several localities such as the Nubba mountains region remain under rebel control and are not accessible. South Kordofan State Ministry of Health in collaboration with the federal government and non-governmental organizations set up four isolation centres with 40 total bed capacity, but with only two mechanical ventilators and no testing centre. There is still need for further multi-sectoral coalition and equitable allocation of resources to strengthen the health systems of rural and conflict affected regions. This article aims at providing insight into the current state of COVID-19 in South Kordofan amidst the second wave to address the dearth of COVID-19 information in rural and conflict affected regions.

scholarly journals Hematological abnormalities in HIV infected individuals in correlation to CD4 counts and ART status

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Raman Thulasi ◽  
D Manimaran ◽  
G Hemanathan ◽  
Tameem Afroz ◽  
Radha Sagar
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Hematological Abnormalities ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year

Background: HIV is pandemic and remains as a public health concern for many decades. This infection though associated with many opportunistic infections and neoplasms, it is further complicated with marked hematological abnormalities. The aim of this study is to determine the magnitude & severity of hematological abnormalities in HIV infected individuals and also to analyze these abnormalities in correlation with the CD4 counts. We also compared these hematological abnormalities in patients on ART and those not on ART.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted for a period of one year, on 120 HIV positive cases including both patients on ART & not on ART. Controls with similar age and sex distribution was set up. The blood samples were collected and processed in an automated cell counter. The parameters were tabulated and analyzed with respect to CD4 count & ART status.Results: Among the total of 120 HIV cases, 77% had anemia, 21% had leucopenia and 5% had thrombocytopenia. The magnitude and severity of anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and other parameters was found to be more in patients not on ART, when compared to patients on ART. Similarly, the magnitude and severity of most of hematological abnormalities were inversely proportional to the CD4 count in non-ART cases but not with cases on ART.Conclusion: The basic hematological parameters can be used as a prospective screening test to assess the severity and progression of HIV infection when CD4 count is not available. These parameters can also be used to assess the response to anti-retroviral treatment. Therefore, these basic hematological investigations readily available at all medical centers are of great use while treating HIV infected patients.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(4) 2016 14-18 

scholarly journals The Role of Archaeology in Forming Greek National Identity and its Embodiment in European Identity

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-458
Author(s):  
Olga Katsiardi-Hering
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Modern Greek ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Roman Antiquity ◽  
Europe Today ◽  
Greek World ◽  
Of Greece

The murder of Johann Joachim Winckelmann, for many the ‘founder of archaeology’, in 1768 in a Trieste inn, did not mean the end for his work, which could be said to have been the key to understanding ancient Greece, which Europe was re-discovering at the time. In the late Enlightenment, Neoclassicism, followed by Romanticism, elevated classical, Hellenistic and Roman antiquity, and archaeological research, to the centre of academic quests, while the inclusion of archaeological sites in the era’s Grand Tours fed into a belief in the ‘Regeneration’/‘Wiedergeburt’ of Greece. The Modern Greek Enlightenment flourished during this same period, the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, with a concomitant classicizing turn. Ancient Greek texts were republished by Greek scholars, especially in the European centres of the Greek diaspora. An admiration for antiquity was intertwined into the Neohellenic national identity, and the first rulers of the free Greek State undertook to take care of the nation’s archaeological monuments. In 1837, under ‘Bavarian rule’, the first Greek University and the ‘Archaeological Society of Greece in Athens’ were set up. Archaeologists flocked to Greece and those parts of the ancient Greek world that were still part of the Ottoman Empire. The showcasing of classical monuments, at the expense of the Byzantine past, would remain the rule until the latter half of the nineteenth century. Modern Greek national identity was primarily underpinned by admiration for antiquity, which was viewed as a source of modern Hellenism, and for ‘enlightened, savant, good-governed Europe’. Today, the ‘new archaeology’ is striving to call these foundations into question.

scholarly journals Changes in Geochemical Composition of Groundwater Due to CO2 Leakage in Various Geological Media

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2597
Author(s):  
Jisu Jeong ◽  
Sung-Wook Jeen ◽  
Hyoun-Tae Hwang ◽  
Kang-Kun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Co2 Leakage ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Geochemical Composition ◽  
Ph Buffering ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year

This study evaluated the effects of CO2 leakage on the geochemical composition of groundwater in various geological media through long-term column experiments. Four columns were set up with soil representing a silicate aquifer; clean sand; a sand and limestone mixture; and alluvium soil, respectively. The experiments were conducted under the same experimental conditions for approximately one year. As the CO2-saturated synthetic groundwater was introduced into the columns, a decrease in pH and increases in electrical conductivity (EC), alkalinity, and concentrations of cations and trace elements were observed in all geological media. However, different patterns of changes were also observed depending on the mineralogical and physico-chemical characteristics of each material. As the column operation continued, while the pH decreased and low alkalinity values were more evident in the silicate soil and clean sand columns, the carbonate column continued to show high alkalinity and EC values in addition to high concentrations of most cations. The alluvium soil showed distinctive cation-exchange behaviors during the initial introduction of CO2. The results indicate that changes in the geochemical composition of groundwater will depend on the characteristic of the geological medium such as pH buffering capacity and cation exchange capacity. This study can be useful for monitoring and managing the impacts of CO2 leakage in various aquifer environments.

The Art of Teaching: A Technique for Solving Simple “Set Up” Equations in One Unknown

1946 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
May L. Wilt
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
Teaching Techniques ◽  
Simple Set ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Ability Groups ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Art Of Teaching ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year

No longer can teachers of mathematics be satisfied with the type of teaching that produces uncertain results. The first year of algebra is a good starting point for developing teaching techniques. Most children, who have had one year of algebra, can solve simple “set up” equations in one unknown if they are directed “what to do next.” They should be able to know “what to do next.” Very bright children find out for themselves, but the average and slower ability groups must be helped to develop a technique that will produce certainty and accuracy in results.

Germany's Foreign Relations and the Nazi Past

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-93
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN HAASE ◽  
CHRISTIAN KRAIKER ◽  
JÖRN KREUZER
Keyword(s):  
Third Reich ◽  
Historical Inquiry ◽  
Political Activist ◽  
Foreign Office ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Auswärtiges Amt ◽  
Nazi Past ◽  
Post War ◽  
Set Up

On 7 November 1968, the political activist Beate Klarsfeld entered the stage of a CDU party convention in Berlin, slapped the West German chancellor Kurt-Georg Kiesinger in the face and cried ‘Nazi, Nazi’. During the Third Reich, Kiesinger had worked in one of the propaganda departments of the Auswärtiges Amt (Foreign Office). The history of the German foreign office received additional attention in 1968 due to the fact that the then vice-chancellor and foreign secretary of the Grand Coalition, Willy Brandt, was a former resistance fighter, who had been stripped of his citizenship by the Auswärtiges Amt in 1938. Despite numerous scandals about the post-war careers of former Nazi diplomats in the 1950s and 60s, the Auswärtiges Amt escaped closer scrutiny until 2005, when the then foreign secretary Joschka Fischer set up a historical inquiry commission. In his memoirs, Fischer has argued that his decision was influenced by the events of 1968.

scholarly journals Practices and Results of Two Years Service from a single UK Renal Transplant Center

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (177) ◽  
Author(s):  
P C Shrestha ◽  
J Dominguez-Escrig ◽  
B Gowardhan ◽  
D Rix ◽  
D Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Rejection Rate ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year ◽  
End Stage

INTRODUCTION: End stage renal failure is a common condition requiring renal replacement therapy in the form of haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis as a short-term measure with renal transplantation as a more definitive treatment option. The aim of this study was to evaluate the set up of arenal transplant unit in a developed country and compare its results with other centers of the world. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted to see the results of two years activities of a well known renal transplant unit in the United Kingdom. A description of the setup of a renal transplant unit has been made and its results have been discussed. RESULTS: Of the total patients, who had transplants in the renal transplant unit in year 2006 and 2007, 209 were renal, 14 were simultaneous kidneypancreas and two were pancreas after kidney transplants. Our one year graft survival rate was 93%, delayed graft function was 15%, early rejection rate was 11% and mortality rate was 3% in one year follow up. CONCLUSIONS: To attain good results in renal transplantation surgery, a multi-disciplinary team approach is crucial. Our set up is an example where the results are comparable to published and unpublished data from other established units world-wide. Keywords: complications, immunosuppression, renal transplant.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF A SOIL SPIKE AERATOR ON INCREASING NUT SIZE AND YIELD ON PECAN TREES

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1168a-1168
Author(s):  
Dan Chapman ◽  
Laurence Sistrunk ◽  
J. Benton Storey
Keyword(s):  
Flood Plain ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
River Flood ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year

In 1990, a randomized design was set up in a 33 year old orchard on Westwood silty clay loam with 4 main treatment factors: 1990 nut size, chiseling, aeration, and cultivar. Location for this experiment was the Adriance Orchard on the Texas A&M Plantation – Brazos River flood plain. Nut quality was determined by the % kernel and # nuts / kg. Yield was measured per tree and calculated for g/cm2 cross-sectional trunk area. The soil bulk density for each treatment was 1.53 g/cm3 and found to be statistically uniform at the start of the experiment. Results after one year showed that aeration increased the nut size and % kernel of `Mahan' but not of `Desirable' and `Stuart'. Chiseling increased the yield of `Stuart' and `Desirable' and nut size of all 3 cultivars but not % kernel. Aeration increased the % kernel from a mean 48.6% to 56.8% and nut size from 129 nuts/kg to 102 nuts/kg of the 1990 small-nut-size trees but did not significantly increase nut quality for the 1990 normal-nut-size trees.

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