Orientation of processes of biological nitrogen transformation in winter rye agroecosystems under different levels of fertilization background

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
V. Volkogon ◽  
I. Korotka
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Nitrogen Transformation ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Microbial Preparation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Aim. To determine physiologically expedient rates of mineral nitrogen in winter rye production on sod-podzol- ic soils based on the orientation of the processes of biological nitrogen transformation in the plants rhizosphere. Methods. Field studies, gas chromatography determination of potential nitrogen fi xation activity and potential emissions of N 2 O. Results. The results obtained have demonstrated that the rates of mineral nitrogen, not ex- ceeding 60 kg/ha, can be considered physiologically expedient for winter rye production on sod-podzolic soils. Under the application of microbial preparation Diazobakteryn, there is a higher physiological need of plants for nitrogen, which allows increasing the rates of nitrogen fertilizers up to 90 kg/ha. Conclusions. The orienta- tion of the processes of biological nitrogen transformation in the root zone of plants is a reliable indicator of determining the appropriateness of nitrogen fertilization of crops.

scholarly journals THE FEATURES THE AUTOTROPHIC AND HETEROTROPHIC NITRIFICATION IN THE ROOT ZONE OF WINTER RYE PLANTS UNDER THE USE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND DIAZOBAKTERYN

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
I. G. Korotka ◽  
V. V. Volkogon
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Heterotrophic Nitrification ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Biological Transformation ◽  
Microbial Preparation

The paper depicts the study of mineral nitrogen and pre-sowing seeds bacteryzation on the development of nitrogen fixing bacteria and the activity of autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification. It was revealed that nitrification activity in the root zone of winter rye plants rises together with the increase of mineral nitrogen doses. Heterotrophic nitrification plays a significant role in the formation of nitrate pool in the root zone, especially during the early stages of plants organogenesis. Application of the microbial preparation Diazobakteryn had enhanced the activity autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification processes in the rhizosphere soil of plants in the spring, during the early stages of their development while during the next organogenesis phases the reduction of nitrification processes was observed. In plants-free soil the contribution of heterotrophic nitrification to biological transformation of nitrogen was negligible.

scholarly journals NITRIFICATION IN THE ROOT ZONE OF WINTER RYE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MINERAL NITROGEN AND PRESOWING SEED BACTERIZATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
I. G. Chuchvaga ◽  
V. V. Volkogon
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Heterotrophic Nitrification ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Seed Bacterization ◽  
Nitrification Activity ◽  
Nitrification Process ◽  
Microbial Preparation

The paper studies the influence of mineral nitrogen and presowing seeds bakterization on the activity of autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification in rhizosphere soil of winter rye plants. Increasing doses of mineral nitrogen enhance nitrification activity. Application of microbial preparation Diazobakteryn has a prolonged influence and improves nitrification process, mainly due to the increase of heterotrophic nitrification activity.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY DIAZOBACTERIN AND MINERAL FER-TILIZERS APPLICATION IN GROWING TECHNOLOGY OF WINTER RYE

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
I. G. Chuchvaha ◽  
Yu. M. Khalep
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Microbial Preparation

The survey results of the economic and energy efficiency of the microbial preparation Diazobacterin use along with fertilizers in cultivation technology of winter rye are presented. It was established that combined application of Diazobacterin and fertilization in a dose N60K40 in winter rye cultivation on sod-podzolic soils to be the most cost and energy efficient.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF MICROBIAL ASSOCIATIONS IN RHIZOSPHERE OF WINTER RYE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND DIAZOBACTERIN

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
I.G. Chuchvaga ◽  
V.V. Volkogon ◽  
K.I. Volkogon
Keyword(s):  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Microbial Associations ◽  
Denitrifying Microorganisms ◽  
Microbial Preparation ◽  
Podzol Soils

Influence of mineral fertilizers and inoculation with microbial preparation Diazobacterin on formation and functioning of microbial associations in rhizosphere of winter rye was studied on sod-podzol soils. It was shown that application of nitrogen fertilizers increase number of microorganisms that utilize mineral and organic nitrogen compounds. The mostpositiveimpactonthedevelopmentof diazotrophswasobserved in variants with doses that do not exceed 60 kg/ha. Application of high fertilizer doses results in intense growth of denitrifying microorganisms. InoculationwithDiazobacterinpromotesgrowthofagricultureimportant microorganisms.

scholarly journals Environmentally Friendly Nitrogen Fertilizers Appplication for Winter Cereals Considering the Mineral Nitrogen Content in Soil

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
R. Timbare ◽  
M. Bušmanis
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Winter Cereals

In order to improve nitrogen fertilizers application recommendations for cereals, the soil mineral nitrogen (Nmin) investigations (1995 – 2000) were carried out on sod – podzolic and brown – lesssive loamy sand and loamy soils in co-operation with other research institutions. The soil samples for determination of NO3 – N and NH4 – N were taken in depth 0 - 20, 21 – 40 and 41 – 60 cm in spring before the start of growth on winter cereals fields, but in 2001,2002- also in autumn before the sowing of winter cereals. Data on soil properties, the amount of precipitation in autumn (August 1 until the first decade with the average temperature below 5 oC), preceding crops and the use of organic fertilizers at sites of investigations were considered. The determination of NO3 – N and NH4 – N content was carried out in wet soil samples using for extraction 1 M KCl. Statistical analysis of data obtained in spring has been carried out using MS EXCEL function CORREL, CORRELATION, REGRESSION and SPSS 8.0 for Windows (GLM procedure). According to this analysis the following model (R2 = 0,527) was elaborated: y = 103.513 – 13.515|X1=1 – 0.247·X3 – 27.069|X2=0 – 42.945|X2=1 – 39.044|X2=2 – 16.022|X2=3 – 44.212|X2=4 + 0.104·X3|X2=0 + 0.181·X3|X2=1+ 0.187·X3|X2=2 +0.117·X3|X2=3+0.175·X3|X2=4, where y- predicted Nmin content in spring in 0- 40 cm soil layer, kg ha-1; 103.513 – intercept; X3 – amount of precipitation in autumn, mm; X1 – soil texture; X1=1 – loamy sand soils, X2 – predecessor; X2=0 – cereals; X2=1 – perennial grass; X2=2 – tilled crops; X2=3 – legumes; X2=4 – green manure crops; X2=5- fallow. On the basis of this model and data on meteorological conditions at different sites of Latvia the recommendations on correction N top - dressing application rates for winter cereals in spring were prepared.

Orientation of nitrogen transformation processes in the soil with corn growing under the different fertilization practices

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
V. Volkogon ◽  
O. Berdnikov ◽  
S. Dimova ◽  
M. Volkogon
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Nitrogen Transformation ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Transformation Processes ◽  
Microbial Agent ◽  
Graphic Determination

Aim. To explore the peculiarities of nitrogen transformation in sod-podzolic soils with corn growing under dif- ferent fertilizer types and the effect of bacterization. Methods. Agrochemical, fi eld and lyzimetric, chromato- graphic determination of nitrogen fi xation activity and emission of N 2 O. Results. The highest losses of nitrogen from the soil occurred in the variants with manure application and use of mineral fertilizers N 90 P 90 K 90 . The processes of nitrogen transformation in soil and corn yield were optimized using the combination of mineral fertilizers with green manure and microbial agent. Conclusions. The application of fertilizers for corn grow- ing on sod-podzolic soils of Polissya region should be accompanied with the use of green manures. The use of microbial preparations is recommended.

scholarly journals THE ORIENTATION OF BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES IN SOIL UNDER THE ORGANIC PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
V. V. Volkohon ◽  
A. M. Moskalenko ◽  
S. B. Dimova ◽  
M. A. Zhurba ◽  
K. I. Volkohon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Transformation ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Fixation Activity ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

The paper covers the study of direct impact and after-effect of 40 t/ha of cattle manure on theorientation of nitrogen fixation and biological denitrification processes in the root zone of potatoes,spring barley, pea, and winter wheat plants in rotation in a stationary field experiments on leachedblack soil. Application of manure had significantly increased the nitrogen fixation activity, whilepromoting a high level of N2O emission. The use of microbial preparations for pre-seeding bacterization of seeds optimizes the course of biological nitrogen transformation process — through theenhancement of nitrogen fixation activity and reduction of gaseous nitrogen losses (with the exception of Biogran use on potatoes in the year of manure application). Introduction with manure of alarge number of microorganisms to the soil offsets the positive effect of biopreparations use. Yieldrecords and estimation of grain output per hectare within the crop rotation cycle indicates the practicability of combined application of manure and microbial preparations (excluding the year of direct effect of organic fertilizer) in organic agriculture.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF MICROORGANISMS AND TRENDS OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN LEACHED CHORNOZEM UNDER SIMULATION OF DEFICIENCY OF THE FRESH ORGANIC MATTER AND THE INFLUENCE OF MINERAL NITROGEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Volkohon ◽  
T.Yu. Brytan ◽  
O.V. Pyrih
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Organic Matter ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Objective. Study the peculiarities of the development of microorganisms and trends of biological processes in the soil under the influence of mineral nitrogen under the conditions of simulation of the deficiency of fresh organic matter. Methods. Microbiological, agrochemical, gas chromatographic, statistical. Results. In the conditions of the vegetative experiment under the simulation of the deficiency of fresh organic matter (preparation of soil in accordance with the method of determining the content of humus) in the leached chornozem, the effect of increasing doses of mineral nitrogen on the dynamics of the number of representatives of certain ecological trophic groups of microorganisms and the course of soil-biological processes that accompany the mineralization of humus was studied. Nitrogen fertilizers, under given conditions, stimulate the development of ammonifiers, microorganisms that mainly utilize mineral compounds of nitrogen, denitrifiers, cellulolytic bacteria, activates biological nitrogen and carbon dioxide emission processes. In this case, the need for carbon to provide metabolic processes of microorganisms can meet only at the expense of destruction of humus compounds. When the fresh organic matter is introduced in the soil in the form of straw chopped to sawdust, as well as under the growth of barley, the activity of biological denitrification is reduced. At the end of the experiment, the content of total carbon in the soil has a clear tendency to decrease with increasing doses of mineral nitrogen – according to the variants: without fertilizers, control – 2.97 %, 13 mg N/kg of soil – 2.91 %, 26 mg N/kg – 2.88 %, 39 mg N/kg – 2.85 %. Conclusion. Under the deficiency of fresh organic matter in leached chornozem, the depleted use of mineral nitrogen fertilizers, especially in large quantities, leads to the creation of a situation where microorganisms for the maintenance of metabolic needs use carbon-preservative organic compounds. The use of mineral nitrogen, not coordinated with the required amount of fresh organic matter, leads to the initiation of dehumidification processes. To prevent such effects, environmentally sound fertilizer systems for crops should include systematic entry of fresh organic matter into the soil.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF NITROGEN TRANSFORMATION IN SOIL-MICROORGANISMS-PLANT SYSTEM OF SPRING BARLEY UNDER THE USE OF MICROBIAL PREPARATION MICROGUMIN

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
E.I. Volkogon ◽  
A.M. Berdnikov ◽  
L.V. Potapenko
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Nitrogen Transformation ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Positive Action ◽  
Microbial Preparation

The positive action of microbial preparation Microgumin on limitation by soil profile of biogenic elements and their compounds was proved in lysimetric experiments with spring barley. At the same time inoculation had promoted activation of nitrogen metabolism in plants which was proved by determination of plants’nitrate reductase’s activity and amino acids content in barley seeds.

INFLUENCE OF CULTIVATION DEGREE OF SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL ON RESPONSIVENESS OF SOWING PEAS TO NITROGEN NUTRITION LEVEL

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Cultivated Soil ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Microbial Preparation ◽  
Harvest Maturity

The article presents the results of a vegetation experiment on studying an effect of increasing doses of nitrogen (factor С - N0; No.o5; No.io; N015; No.2o; N0,25 g/kg of absolutely dry soil) and pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with biological preparation "Risotorphine" (factor В - no inoculation; by inoculation) on the formation of vegetative mass and grain yield ofpeas at cultivating in the conditions of a poorly cultivated (factor A0) and of a medium cultivated (factor A f sod-podzolic soil. Cultivation degree of soil was expressed by such criteria as power of an arable horizon, value of metabolic acidity and content of mobile phosphorus, a degree of saturation of soil with bases. For experience tab there were used Mitscher-lich cups with a capacity of 5 kg of absolutely dry soil (a.d.s.), in 16 repetitions of options. The experiments were conducted in the conditions of vegetation site on the territory of University Scientific Centre "Lipogorie" of FSBEI Perm GATA, guided by a science-based methodology. When harvesting peas for a green mass more intensive development and productivity of plants (23.3 and 58.9, 40.0, 78.8 g/cup, respectively) in the phase of stem branching and budding a beginning offlowering that is recorded for its use on the background of inoculation, usage of mineral nitrogen in a dose of 0.10 g/kg on a poorly cultivated soil and 0.15 g/kg a.d.s. on a medium cultivated soil. Applying of higher doses of nitrogen has a depressing effect on development of assimilating surface of pea plants on a poorly and a medium cultivated soil. When raising pea plants before harvest maturity of grain: in the conditions of a poorly cultivated soil for yield at the level of 7.92 g/cup, the process of carrying on only an inoculation of seed with microbial preparation "Rizotorfin" can be considered; in the medium cultivated soil varieties, plant peas impose higher requirements for the level of mineral nutrition the maximum yield in the experiment (which 9.22 g/cup), noted at a combined use of inoculation and mineral nitrogen in a dose of 0.20 g/kg a.d.s.

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