Genetics of excised-leaf water loss and relative water content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)

In plants, development, growth and yield most severely affected through saline soil/water in growth medium, ultimately cause severe threat to global food production for human being. Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is the most edible crop in Pakistan. Production of this crop can be improved through using marginal areas with the help of growing salt-tolerant varieties. The present investigation is carried out to screen out six local wheat varieties (F.Sarhad, Insaf, Lalma, Tatora, Bathoor and Barsat) with reference to their vegetative and reproductive growth, different physiological parameters [relative water content (RWC), electrolyte-leakage (EL) and leaf water loss (LWL)] and ionic status of plants. Present experiment designed in completely randomized manner (CRD) and 54 pots were arranged in the Botanical Garden, Department of Botany. These pots arranged in 6 lines with 9 pots/line and each line was irrigated with non-saline (control), 50 mM and 150 mM NaCl solution. The data from present research revealed that application of salt cause significant reduction in plant-height, root-length, fresh-biomass, dry-biomass, seed number/plant, seed weight/plant, spike-weight, relative water content, leaf water loss, and different ions of plants. Similarly at same applied doses of salt weight of 100 seeds, spike-length, electrolyte-leakage, Na+ and Cl- ions become increased. It has been concluded from the results of present study that varieties F. Sarhad, Insaf and Lalma exhibited more salt tolerance as compare to other varieties. So, these recommended for growing on moderately salt affected soil/water to achieve more yield of wheat from such affected lands of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

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Assessment of flag leaf water status as drought tolerance discriminating trait in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var durum L.)

10.30574/msarr.2021.2.1.0026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 016-027

Author(s):

Hadda Mebarki ◽

Ouassila Ziane ◽

Hadjer Merbah ◽

Hamenna Bouzerzour

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Water Loss ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Water Saturation ◽

Water Status ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Leaf Water Status ◽

Water Saturation Deficit ◽

Saturation Deficit ◽

Relative Water

Drought is a prominent limiting factor that impacts negatively durum wheat grain yield. Ten durum wheat breeding lines were evaluated under rainfall conditions at the Field Crop Institute Agricultural Experimental Station of Setif, Algeria, during the 2016/2017 cropping season. The investigation aimed to study the ability of flag leaf water status to discriminate among varieties for drought tolerance trait. Significant variability was observed among the tested varieties for leaf dry, wilted and turgid weights, leaf relative water content, water saturation deficit and excised water loss, after three wilting periods of 30, 60 and 90 minutes dehydration at 40°C. The assessed breeding lines were differentially categorized as drought tolerant and drought sensitive based on either relative water content or water saturation deficit or excised leaf water loss genotypic mean values. Correlation, principal components and cluster analyses indicated an unwanted significant association between excised leaf water loss and relative water content and water saturation deficit and classified the assessed entries into three clusters (CI, C2 and C3). Cluster C1 had high relative water content, low water saturation deficit but high excised water loss, while C3 had low relative water content, low excised leaf water but high-water saturation deficit, C2 being intermediate. Crosses between distant clusters (C1 vs C3) are proposed to generate more variability of the targeted traits in progeny population and to break undesirable linkage between alleles controlling leaf water status, allowing to select efficiently drought tolerant genotypes.

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Leaf water potential, component potentials and relative water content in a xeric grass, Agropyron dasystachyum (Hook.) Scribn.

Oecologia ◽

10.1007/bf00345136 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 277-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

J. O. Maxwell ◽

R. E. Redmann

Keyword(s):

Water Potential ◽

Water Content ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Relative Water ◽

Potential Component

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Dependence of Stomatal Conductance on leaf Water Potential, Turgor Potential, and Relative Water Content in Field‐Grown Soybean and Maize 1

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1987.0011183x002700050033x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 984-990 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

J. M. Bennett ◽

T. R. Sinclair ◽

R. C. Muchow ◽

S. R. Costello

Keyword(s):

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Water Potential ◽

Water Content ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Relative Water

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Relationship of excised-leaf water loss and stomatal frequency in wheat

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps93-012 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 93-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

H. Wang ◽

J. M. Clarke

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Water Content ◽

Water Loss ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Stomatal Frequency ◽

Stomatal Characteristics ◽

Growth Room ◽

Leaf Water Loss

Rate of water loss from excised leaves of wheat (Triticum spp.) is associated with adaptation to dry growing conditions, but the causes of observed genotypic differences are not well understood. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between stomatal characteristics and excised-leaf water status in tetraploid (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) and hexaploid (Triticum aestivum L.) wheat genotypes. Samples were taken from field and growth-room experiments to measure stomatal frequency (SF) and size, leaf water content at excision (WC0) and 30 min after excision (WC30), rate of water loss (RWL) 30-120 min after excision, epidermal conductance (ge), and relative water content (RWC). SF was not correlated with RWL in the field experiments and was negatively correlated with WC0 and WC30 in tetraploids but not in hexaploids. In the growth-room experiment, SF was positively correlated with ge 50 and 30 min after excision for tetraploid and hexaploid genotypes, respectively. SF was correlated with RWL in tetraploids (r = 0.64*, n = 12) and hexaploids (r = 0.81**, n = 12). However, there were no significant correlations between stomatal characteristics and WC0, WC30 or RWC. These results indicate that SF is perhaps one of several factors influencing genotypic differences in excised-leaf water loss. The inconsistency of this relationship may be due to the influence of other traits affecting RWL. Key words: Leaf water loss, stomata, drought, Triticum aestivum L., T. turgidum L. var. durum

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Relationships Among Water Potential Components, Relative Water Content, and Stomatal Resistance of Field-Grown Peanut Leaves1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/i0095-3679-11-1-10 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 31-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

J. M. Bennett ◽

K. J. Boote ◽

L. C. Hammond

Keyword(s):

Water Potential ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Peanut Crop ◽

Relative Water ◽

Volumetric Soil Water

Abstract Limited data exist describing the physiological responses of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) plants to tissue water deficits. Detailed field experiments which accurately define the water status of both the plant and soil are required to better understand the effects of water stress on a peanut crop. The objectives of the present study were 1) to describe the changes in leaf water potential components during a drying cycle, and 2) to define the relationships among soil water content, leaf water potential, leaf turgor potential, relative water content, leaf-air temperature differential, and leaf diffusive resistance as water stress was imposed on a peanut crop. During a 28-day drying period where both rainfall and irrigation were withheld from peanut plants, midday measurements of the physiological parameters and volumetric soil water contents were taken concurrently. As soil drying progressed, water extraction from the upper soil depths was limited as soil moisture approached 0.04 m3m-3. Leaf water potentials and leaf turgor potentials of nonirrigated plants decreased to approximately −2.0 and 0 MPa, respectively, by the end of the experimental period. Leaf water potentials declined only gradually as the average volumetric soil water content in the upper 90 cm of soil decreased from 0.12 to 0.04 m3m-3. Further reductions in soil water content caused large reductions in leaf water potential. As volumetric soil moisture content decreased slightly below 0.04 m3m-3 in the upper 90 cm, leaf relative water content dropped to 86%, leaf water potential approached −1.6 MPa and leaf turgor potential decreased to 0 MPa. Concurrently, stomatal closure resulted and leaf temperature increased above air temperature. Osmotic potentials measured at 100% relative water content were similar for irrigated and nonirrigated plants, suggesting little or no osmotic regulation.

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Comparison of Strawberry F. chilocnsis and F. ×ananassa in Response to Water Stress: I. Leaf Water Potential, Relative Water Content, and Gas Exchange Characteristics

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.601c ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 601c-601

Author(s):

Chuhe Chen ◽

J. Scott Cameron ◽

Stephen F. Klauer

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Water Potential ◽

Water Content ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Severe Water Stress ◽

Relative Water ◽

Gas Exchange Characteristics

Leaf water potential (LWP), relative water content (RWC), gas exchange characteristics, and specific leaf weight (SLW) were measured six hours before, during, and after water stress treatment in F. chiloensis and F. ×ananassa grown in growth chambers. The leaves of both species showed significantly lower LWP and RWC as water stress developed. F. ×ananassa had consistency lower LWP under stressed and nonstressed conditions than F. chiloensis. F. ×ananassa had higher RWC under nonstressed conditions, and its RWC decreased more rapidly under water stress than F. chiloensis. In comparison to F. ×ananassa, F. chiloensis had significantly higher CO2 assimilation rate (A), leaf conductance (LC), and SLW, but not transpiration rate (Tr), under stressed and nonstressed conditions. LC was the most sensitive gas exchange characteristic to water stress and decreased first. Later, A and stomatal conductance were reduced under more severe water stress. A very high level of Tr was detected in F. ×ananassa under the most severe water stress and did not regain after stress recovery, suggesting a permanent damage to leaf. The Tr of F. chiloensis was affected less by water stress. Severe water stress resulted in higher SLW of both species.

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Effect of drought stress on water relation traits of four soybean genotypes

SAARC Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.3329/sja.v15i2.35146 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 163-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JA Chowdhury ◽

MA Karim ◽

QA Khaliq ◽

AU Ahmed ◽

ATM MI Mondol

Keyword(s):

Water Potential ◽

Water Content ◽

Leaf Water Potential ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Leaf Temperature ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Water Retention Capacity ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

Relative Water ◽

Exudation Rate

An experiment was conducted in a venyl house at the environmental stress site of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during September to December 2012 to know the internal water status under drought stress in soybean genotypes, viz. Shohag, BARI Soybean-6, BD2331 (relatively stress tolerant) and BGM2026 (susceptible). Drought (water) stress reduced the leaf water potential in all the genotypes though was more negative in tolerant genotypes than in susceptible ones. The lowest leaf water potential was obtained from BARI Soybean-6 (-1.58 MPa) and the highest in BGM2026 (-1.2 MPa). Relative water content (RWC) decreased remarkably in all the genotypes and reduction was more in susceptible than tolerant genotypes. At 8.00 am, RWC of stressed plants decreased by 9.58, 9.02, 8.90 and 13.90% in the genotype Shohag,, BARI Soybean-6, BD2331 and BGM2026 at vegetative stage, respectively. Drought stress decreased the exudation rate in all the genotypes of soybean and it was 24, 27, 22 and 12 mg h-1 in the genotype Shohag, BARI Soybean-6, BD2331 and BGM2026 at vegetative stage, respectively. Leaf temperatures in drought stressed plant were higher than in well-watered plants. Shohag, BARI Soybean-6, BD2331 and BGM2026 showed 4.7, 4.5 5.2 and 11.07% increase in leaf temperature due to water stress. At drought stressed treatment reduction in leaf water potential, relative water content, exudation rate and water retention capacity were noticed at the three growth stages in all the genotypes with a concurrent increase in leaf temperature. Genotypes BARI Soybean-6, Shohag and BD2331 showed considerably less reduction in relative water content, exudation rate and water retention capacity, high reduction in leaf water potential and less increase in leaf temperature during drought were considered as drought tolerant. However genotype BGM2026 showed considerably high reduction in relative water content, exudation rate and water retention capacity, low reduction in leaf water potential and high increase in leaf temperature was considered as drought susceptible.SAARC J. Agri., 15(2): 163-175 (2017)

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