scholarly journals Does seed size affect the germination rate and seedling growth of peanut under salinity and water stress?

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Steiner ◽  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Aécio Busch ◽  
Tiago de Oliveira Sousa ◽  
Tiago Zoz
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Important Indicator

ABSTRACT Seed size is an important indicator of physiological quality, since it may affect seed germination and seedling growth, especially under stress conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of seed size on germination and initial seedling growth, under salinity and water stress conditions. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design, in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme: three seed size classes (small, medium and large) and three stress treatments (control, saline or water stress), with four replicates. Water and salt stresses do not reduce the germination rate of medium and large seeds; however, the germination rate of small seeds is reduced under salt stress conditions. Drought stress drastically reduces the shoot growth of seedlings regardless of seed size, whereas root growth is higher in seedlings from medium and large seeds under water stress conditions. Under non-stressful environments, the use of large seeds is preferable, resulting in more vigorous seedlings with a greater dry matter accumulation. Medium-size seeds are more adapted to adverse environmental conditions and, therefore, should be used under conditions of water shortage and salt excess in the soil at sowing time. Seedlings are more tolerant to salinity than to water stress during the germination stage and initial growth under laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals Variation of seed sizes and its effect on germination and seedling growth of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
AGUS ASTHO PRAMONO ◽  
DIDA SYAMSUWIDA ◽  
Kurniawati Purwaka Putri
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Swietenia Macrophylla ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Abstract. Pramono AA, Syamsuwida D, Putri KP. 2019. Variation of seed sizes and its effect on germination and seedling growth of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla). Biodiversitas 20: 2576-2582. To get high-quality seeds, the size of seed is often suggested to be criteria of selection in seed collection. However, the size is not always effective to be used as a basis for seed selection. The study is aimed to determine the variation of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) seed sizes and its effect on the germination and seedlings growth. The fruits were collected from stands of mahogany in Jonggol and Parung Panjang, Bogor District, Indonesia. The seeds were grouped into 5 classes based on seed size. The observation was conducted on seed viability of each size class as well as the growth of seedlings until 3 months old. The results showed that the seed size of mahogany was affected by position of the seeds inside the fruit, the mother trees, and fruit size. The seeds size of < 6 cm long had significantly lower germination rate and capacity than those seeds of more than 6 cm long. The size of seeds affected the initial growth of seedlings, but did not influence the subsequent growth of seedling after 3 months old. The selection of seeds was done by removing the seeds of less than 6 cm long.  

scholarly journals Studies on effects of seed size on germination and seedling growth of Elaeocarpus and Canarium tree species

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-276
Author(s):  
Basavaraj L. Tamadaddi ◽  
G. Prabhuling
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Collar Diameter

An investigation was undertaken on two medicinally important evergreen tree species of Western Ghats namely, Elaeocarpus munronii and Canarium striuctum to improve seed germination and enhance seedling growth in nursery. The seeds collected from two randomly chosen trees in each species were used for the study. In general seed germination was very poor in both the species. The maximum germination of 4.66 per cent was observed in Elaeocarpus munronii and it was 13.33 per cent in Canarium striuctum. Though big and medium size seeds recorded higher germination per cent than small size seeds in both the species studied, the seed size effect on germination was found to be non-significant. The results of the study revealed that seed size did influence seedling growth in both the species. Seeds of bigger size produced seedlings with higher values of shoot length, root length and collar diameter but their effect on dry matter accumulation was not significant. The effect of seed treatments on seedling growth was not noticed in Elaeocarpus munronii while seed treatment with sulphuric acid in Canarium striuctum showed slight but significant increase in shoot length, however, other growth parameters remained unaffected. The effects of seed size as well as of seed treatment on germination and seedling growth was found to be similar in both the trees species studied.

Germination and Emergence of Virginia Buttonweed (Diodia virginiana)

Weed Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Baird ◽  
Ray Dickens
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Continuous Darkness ◽  
Virginia Buttonweed ◽  
Osmotic Potentials ◽  
Diodia Virginiana

Virginia buttonweed seeds germinated at temperatures between 15 and 40 C, with optimal germination occurring at 25 or 30 C in 12 h light alternated with 15 to 25 or 20 to 30 C in darkness, respectively. Germination rate was lower in continuous darkness than in light. Germination was reduced under simulated water stress conditions with less than 10% of seeds germinating at osmotic potentials below −0.3 MPa. Overall seed germination was reduced under simulated flooding conditions; greater germination occurred in aerated water than in unaerated water. Maximum germination occurred at pH 6. Seedlings emerged from depths as great as 8 cm, with maximum emergence occurring from 2 cm.

scholarly journals Priming improves germination and seed reserve utilization, growth, antioxidant responses and membrane stability at early seedling stage of Saudi sorghum varieties under drought stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 938-953
Author(s):  
Taieb TOUNEKTI ◽  
Mosbah MAHDHI ◽  
Zarraq AL-FAIFI ◽  
Habib KHEMIRA
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Seedling

Seeds of three sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) varieties from Southwest Saudi Arabia were used to investigate the potential of osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000) to improve germination performance, seed reserve utilization and early seedling growth and drought stress tolerance. The primed (PS) and unprimed (UPS) seeds of the three sorghum varieties were germinated for 8 days under increasing PEG-induced osmotic stress. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design, in a factorial arrangement, with three sorghum cultivars (‘Zaydia’, ‘Shahbi’ and ‘Ahmar’) and four osmotic potentials (0.0; -0.4; -0.8 and -1.2 MPa) with four replicates of 50 seeds each. The results showed that drought stress affected seed germination and seedling emergence and establishment, but increased the activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT). The strongest inhibition of germination and growth occurred at the highest PEG concentration and a significant difference was noticeable between the studied varieties. We confirmed also that seed osmopriming improved seed germination performance, seedling growth and enhanced the CAT activities while reduced malonyldialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and electrolyte leakage (EL) in the drought-stressed seedlings. Seed priming have enhanced also the α-amylase and total proteases activities in all varieties. The largest increase of these hydrolysing enzymes was shown in ‘Ahmar’. Furthermore, the PEG priming lead to improvement of the weight of utilized (mobilized) seed reserve (WUSR), seed reserve depletion percentage (SRDP) and total seedling dry weight (SLDW) of sorghum seedlings under water stress conditions. Still, the highest values or all three parameters were found in the ‘Ahmar’ variety. Under increasing drought stress conditions, ‘Ahmar’ showed the highest yield stability index (YSI) and the least EL and MDA contents in comparison to the other two varieties during the seedling establishment stage. Therefore, the former variety can tolerate better a rigorous water stress condition. ‘Zaydia’ appears to be the most vulnerable to drought stress. Thus, the use of species or varieties with eminent seed metabolic quality is an advantageous trait in drought-prone regions.

scholarly journals Agronomic performance of sugarcane families in response to water stress

Bragantia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo de Almeida Silva ◽  
Rogério Augusto Bremm Soares ◽  
Marcos Guimarães de Andrade Landell ◽  
Mário Pércio Campana
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Stalk Diameter ◽  
Major Factors

Water deficit is one of the major factors limiting the production of sugarcane, especially in areas where there is a prolonged period of water deficiency, such as the West Central Brazilian region. One way to overcome this problem is to cultivate resistant or tolerant varieties. An experiment was set up at the Jalles Machado Sugar Mill, located near Goianésia, Goiás State, Brazil, to evaluate agronomic performance of several sugarcane families. A comparative analysis was carried out among the families under two irrigation regimes, one under regular environmental conditions and another under monthly irrigations during the period of water deficiency. Evaluated families consisted of 25 progenies planted in a factorial design with three replications with 20 plants each. The first ratoon crop was evaluated for four yield components, stalk height, stalk diameter, stalk number and Brix. By analysis of variance, stalk number and stalk height were influenced by water stress conditions during the initial growth phase, and for stalk diameter and Brix, water regime had no effect on the average expression of the characters during the growth phase. The method of classification in four categories proved to be adequate. Some families had high values for stalk diameter, stalk number and stalk height under water stress conditions. This study showed that it is possible to select sugarcane families under water deficit conditions associated with higher stalk diameter, stalk number and stalk height.

EFFECTS OF SEED SIZE ON GERMINATION OF CORN (ZEA MAYS) UNDER SIMULATED WATER STRESS CONDITIONS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. MUCHENA ◽  
C. O. GROGAN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Small Seed

Three strains of corn (Zea mays L.), White Cloud popcorn cultivar, inbred R181, and inbred Ay499, were used to determine the importance of seed size on the ability of seeds to germinate under differing mannitol concentrations. Significant differences among seed size categories were obtained. The small seed size was best.

Germination and seedling growth at low temperature: comparisons of Lotus species and effects of selection and seed source in L. pedunculatus Cav.

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 969 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Kelman ◽  
R. I. Forrester
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Interspecific Hybridisation

The association of seed size, type of life cycle (annual/perennial), and ploidy (diploid/tetraploid) with low temperature (5˚C), germination rate, and seedling growth was examined under controlled conditions in 9 Lotus species. Seeds harvested at 2 localities from 2 populations of L. pedunculatus, one selected for early flowering and the other unselected for flowering time, were included in the study to examine the influence of selection history and seed provenance on cold temperature germination rate and seedling growth. Seed size and ploidy level were not significant factors influencing germination rate of the Lotus species, but both seed size and life cycle had significant associations (P< 0.01) with seedling dry weight. Seed of the selected, early flowering population of L. pedunculatus germinated significantly faster than that of the unselected population (P< 0.01), and this difference was more pronounced in seed from the site where early flowering would confer advantages of better seed production and the potential for better persistence through seedling recruitment. Anarrow-sense heritability estimate for the germination rate of L. pedunculatus was high at the 2 localities (0.84 ± 0.17 and 0.65 ± 0.16) and it was thus promising as a selection criterion for improved establishment. If interspecific hybridisation can be achieved between the annual and perennial species, a longer term prospect exists to utilise the high capacity of annual species to germinate and grow at low soil temperatures.

Germination and seedling growth at low temperature: comparisons of Lotus species and effects of selection and seed source in L. pedunculatus Cav.

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Kelman ◽  
R. I. Forrester
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Interspecific Hybridisation

The association of seed size, type of life cycle (annual/perennial), and ploidy (diploid/tetraploid) with low temperature (5˚C), germination rate, and seedling growth was examined under controlled conditions in 9 Lotus species. Seeds harvested at 2 localities from 2 populations of L. pedunculatus, one selected for early flowering and the other unselected for flowering time, were included in the study to examine the influence of selection history and seed provenance on cold temperature germination rate and seedling growth. Seed size and ploidy level were not significant factors influencing germination rate of the Lotus species, but both seed size and life cycle had significant associations (P< 0.01) with seedling dry weight. Seed of the selected, early flowering population of L. pedunculatus germinated significantly faster than that of the unselected population (P< 0.01), and this difference was more pronounced in seed from the site where early flowering would confer advantages of better seed production and the potential for better persistence through seedling recruitment. Anarrow-sense heritability estimate for the germination rate of L. pedunculatus was high at the 2 localities (0.84 ± 0.17 and 0.65 ± 0.16) and it was thus promising as a selection criterion for improved establishment. If interspecific hybridisation can be achieved between the annual and perennial species, a longer term prospect exists to utilise the high capacity of annual species to germinate and grow at low soil temperatures.

Germination and seedling growth of five tree species from tropical dry forest in relation to water stress: impact of seed size

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekta Khurana ◽  
J. S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Terminalia Arjuna ◽  
The Impact

The impact of seed size on germination and seedling growth, as affected by water stress, was studied for five tree species from tropical dry forest of India, viz. Albizia procera, Acacia nilotica, Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia chebula. Germination tests were conducted under five osmotic potential levels. Seedlings from large (LS) and small (SS) seeds were grown at four soil moisture levels. Observations were made on height, leaf area, biomass and other growth traits such as relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), specific leaf area (SLA), and root:shoot (R:S) ratio. Seeds of pioneer species and large seeds, within species, germinated earlier, and with increasing water stress, per cent germination and germination velocity declined. RGR was inversely related with drought tolerance. R:S ratio increased, RGR and SLA declined, but NAR increased with water stress. Notwithstanding successional status, the slow-growing species registered minimum reduction in biomass due to water stress. The response of LS and SS seedlings also differed for some of the growth variables. Increase in NAR could be a compensatory response to water stress, and the marked allocational plasticity could help maximize capture of the limited resource. Seedlings from smaller seeds, particularly of fast-growing species, would be able to cope with mild drought by morphogenetic and physiological plastic response in a better way than those from large seeds. However, seedlings from large seeds had greater survival than those from smaller seeds under intense water stress.

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