Manual of Numerical Methods in Concrete: Modelling and Applications Validated by Experimental and Site-Monitoring Data

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Site Monitoring

scholarly journals Comparison of measured residential black carbon levels outdoors and indoors with fixed-site monitoring data and with dispersion modelling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Gruzieva ◽  
Antonios Georgelis ◽  
Niklas Andersson ◽  
Tom Bellander ◽  
Christer Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Dispersion Modelling ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Urban Background ◽  
Site Monitoring

AbstractEpidemiologic studies on health effects of air pollution usually rely on time-series of ambient monitoring data or on spatially modelled levels. Little is known how well these estimate residential outdoor and indoor levels. We investigated the agreement of measured residential black carbon (BC) levels outdoors and indoors with fixed-site monitoring data and with levels calculated using a Gaussian dispersion model. One-week residential outdoor and indoor BC measurements were conducted for 15 families living in central Stockholm. Time-series from urban background and street-level monitors were compared to these measurements. The observed weekly concentrations were also standardized to reflect annual averages, using urban background levels, and compared spatially to long-term levels as estimated by dispersion modelling. Weekly average outdoor BC level was 472 ng/m3 (range 261–797 ng/m3). The corresponding fixed-site urban background and street levels were 313 and 1039 ng/m3, respectively. Urban background variation explained 50% of the temporal variation in residential outdoor levels averaged over 24 h. Modelled residential long-term outdoor levels were on average comparable with the standardized measured home outdoor levels, and explained 49% of the spatial variability. The median indoor/outdoor ratio across all addresses was 0.79, with no difference between day and night time. Common exposure estimation approaches in the epidemiology of health effects related to BC displayed high validity for residencies in central Stockholm. Urban background monitored levels explained half of the outdoor day-to-day variability at residential addresses. Long-term dispersion modelling explained half of the spatial differences in outdoor levels. Indoor BC concentrations tended to be somewhat lower than outdoor levels.

Safety Control and Site Monitoring on High Formwork Support System of Fastener-Style Steel Pipe

2014 ◽  
Vol 578-579 ◽  
pp. 1200-1203
Author(s):  
Wu Sun ◽  
Qin Li An ◽  
Sheng Zhi Song ◽  
Xin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Steel Pipe ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Monitoring Frequency ◽  
Site Monitoring ◽  
The Development Trend

The high formwork system monitoring program of the project example of high formwork support system of fastener-style steel pipe is carried out in detail, including monitoring content , measuring points arrangement, monitoring frequency etc. Based on the analysis of the monitoring data, influential factors of upright tube subsidence and the development trend of high formwork are presented. The site safety control suggestions are given for the high formwork system.

Observed Performance of a Deep Multistrutted Excavation in Hangzhou Soft Clays with High Confined Water

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 2276-2280
Author(s):  
Xue Chan Zhang ◽  
Xiao Nan Gong
Keyword(s):  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Confined Water ◽  
Foundation Pit ◽  
Maximum Settlement ◽  
Soft Clays ◽  
Wall Deflection ◽  
Site Monitoring ◽  
Central Support

It is common to have a foundation pit accident, when failing to deal with the effect of confined water. In order to avoid such accidents, the Jiangnan launching shaft of Qingchun Road River-Crossing Tunnel in Hangzhou was investigated. According to the analysis of on-site monitoring data of wall deflection, settlement, and strut load, some conclusion can be drawn. Firstly, the wall deflection is closely related to the plane size of the foundation pit, and through strengthening the stiffness of the central support, the wall deflection can be greatly controlled. Secondly, the maximum settlement point is 0.5 times depth of the excavation away from retaining wall. Finally, load in the first level strut gradually decreased during the construction, and even can turn to be tensile force.

Site Monitoring Analysis of Influence of Excavation and Construction of a Unsymmetrical Loading Twin-Arch Tunnel

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 2083-2086
Author(s):  
Ku Zhu Zhu ◽  
Zu Jian Wang ◽  
Zhi Gang Wang ◽  
Yuan Cheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Surrounding Rock ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Site Monitoring ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Unsymmetrical Loading ◽  
Slope Design ◽  
Design Construction

Unsymmetrical loading twin-arch tunnel which has its own characteristics is different from the general separated tunnel. This paper takes a unsymmetrical loading twin-arch tunnel as the background, supervises the tunnel and clears up and analyzes the monitoring data. The results shows: (1) The subsidence of arch crown grows with section excavation, it diminishes gradually and tends to be stable in the initial stage of support and the complete stage of inverted arch. (2) The convergence pre-day of tunnel surrounding rock increases and becomes stable until the lower inverted arch has finished in the effect of unsymmetrical loading and excavation. (3) The surface position of tunnel midline is the most significant position of excavation influence. (4) Unsymmetrical loading makes the lining and middle wall become dislocated, and cracks and peeling phenomenon appears. These conclusions can provide reference for slope design, construction process and site monitoring for unsymmetrical loading twin-arch tunnel under similar conditions.

Monitoring and Numerical Simulation of the Supporting of the Inverted Side Wall Shaft

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Ai Jun Yao ◽  
Chao Mei ◽  
Huan Fang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Retaining Structure ◽  
Site Monitoring ◽  
Excavation Process ◽  
Ground Surface Settlement ◽  
3D Software

Base on the shaft construction of a subway station in Changchun, make a detailed analysis of the site monitoring data of the retaining structure and the ground surface settlement against the excavation process of the inverted side wall shaft. By using the FLAC-3D software of finite difference, the numerical simulation are conducted, thus, make a comparison with the site monitoring data, and summarize the deformation characteristics of the retaining structure and the surface deformation of the inverted side wall shaft during the excavation. Results show that the support of the inverted side wall shaft which adopting alternation excavation and supporting while excavating has good stability, and the monitoring result is close to the numerical simulation’s, which provides the basis for the success of the engineering.The research results can be references for other similar designs and constructions.

Can personal exposure to particulate matter be predicted by time activity diaries and fixed site monitoring data?

Epidemiology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S86
Author(s):  
L. B. Georgoulis ◽  
E. Samoli ◽  
L. Oglesby ◽  
N. Kuenzli ◽  
K. Katsouyanni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Personal Exposure ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Site Monitoring

Study on the Settlement Correction Coefficient in Seawall Engineering Based on In Situ Monitoring Data

2012 ◽  
Vol 170-173 ◽  
pp. 2195-2199
Author(s):  
Jiong Qi Yu ◽  
Shen Qiu Han ◽  
Xiong Wei Wu
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Correction Coefficient ◽  
The Real ◽  
Site Monitoring ◽  
Total Settlement ◽  
Systematic Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of the settlement correction coefficient is difficult in the design of seawall engineering. Two cases were enumerated, the settlement correction coefficients were back calculated using in situ monitoring data. The settlement correction coefficients derived from site monitoring fitted total settlement ranged between 1.94 and 2.78. They are much larger than 1.3 applied in design in two cases, and they exceed the recommended range of 1.2 to 1.8. The results indicate that the settlement correction coefficient given in design is lack of a scientific and systematic selection basis and it can hardly reach the real settlement of seawall engineering. The job of in situ monitoring is a good guidance to the selection of the settlement correction coefficient for similar projects in this area.

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