ASSESSMENT OF THE BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSTION OF BLACKBERRIES IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE IN BREEDING

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (86) ◽  
pp. 170-176
Author(s):  
D.I. Matnazarova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Active Substances

The work summarized the literature data on the content of chemicals in blackberries grown in various regions of Russia and foreign countries. Much attention is paid to the level of accumulation of biochemical components: soluble solids, sugars, organic acids, vitamins C (ascorbic acid) and P (phenolic compounds). In the studied regions, a high accumulation of anthocyanins (307-651 mg / 100 g) and ascorbic acid (23.4-54.0 mg / 100 g) in blackberries was noted in the Republic of Adygea. The highest sugar content (9.9%) was in blackberries grown in the middle zone of Russia. The average content of the studied components depends not only on the region of cultivation, but, first of all, on the varietal composition of the crop. The study of 25 blackberry varieties bred in the USA, England and Australia in the Krasnodar Territory allowed us to identify the most adapted of them for cultivation in the south of Russia,the most promising varieties are Thornfree, Smoothstem and Black Satin. In the Republic of Belarus, blackberries are grown on personal subsidiary plots, the most common is the American Agavam variety, which is noted for its high sugar content and the content of P-active substances. At the Maikop Experimental Station. N.I. Vavilov, as a result of studying the biochemical composition of blackberry berries, the following varieties were identified: by the content of dry matter – Oregon, Black Satin, Thornfree; sugar content – Oregon, Silvon, Black Satin, Thornfree, Young; by the content of organic acids – Derrow, Raven (1.67%), Cherokki (1.87%); by the content of ascorbic acid – Himalaya (54.6 mg / 100 g), Derrow (45.8 mg / 100 g), Raven (45.4 mg / 100 g) and Cherokki (47.8 mg / 100 g).

Harvest Field Sizing as a Technique to Remove Undersize French Prunes

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 452a-452
Author(s):  
Richard Buchner ◽  
Seeley Mudd ◽  
Bruce Carroll ◽  
Mark Gilles
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
High Sugar Content

Overall profitability is a major goal in successful prune production and a major component in any prune management system. Large prune crops in 1996 and 1997 have stimulated considerable interest in undersize fruit. Undersize prunes currently have marginal value and may represent a net loss because of costs to haul, dry, and to market order payments on low value prunes. One technique to control delivery size is to field size at harvest. Field sizing involves installing size-sorting devices on harvesters, which allow small prunes to fall out while valuable fruit is collected. Field sizing is considered a “risky” strategy because of the potential to remove prunes with economic value. During the 1997 harvest, 21 infield harvest sizing evaluations were made in prune orchards throughout Tehama county. The first evaluation occurred on 12 Aug. 1997, at the start of prune harvest. The final evaluation was done on 5 Sept. 1997, at the tail end of harvest. The objective was to sample throughout the harvest period to test field sizing under various sugar, size, and fruit pressure scenarios. The test machine was 1-inch bar sizer. Of the 21 sample dates, undersize fruit was clearly not marketable in 20 of the 21 samples. Discarded fruit averaged 133 dry count per pound. Only one sample out of 21 may have had market value at 86 dry count per pound. Although small in size, these prunes had very high sugar content contributing to their dry weight. In this evaluation, a 1-inch bar sizer did a good job of separating fruit with and without market value under the 1997 price schedule. As harvest date becomes later and soluble solids increase, the chances of sorting out marketable prunes also increases.

scholarly journals Features of Legal Regulation of the Circulation Order of Gift Certificates

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Avak Vartanian
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Advance Payment ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Gift ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Gift Certificate

The article analyzes the novels of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus concerning the procedure for using gift certificates when selling goods (performance of works, rendering services). It has been done a comparative analysis of the legal regulation of the procedure for circulation of gift certificates in the Republic of Belarus, Ukraine and some foreign countries (Canada, the USA). The author raises some problems concerning the use of a gift certificate in civil circulation. It is pointed out that there is uncertainty both in the theory of civil law and at the level of legislative regulation regarding the civil law nature of a gift certificate. It is noted that the analysis of the legislation in force in the Republic of Belarus allows us to define a gift certificate as a document certifying the property right (requirement) of its holder (bearer) to receive goods (works, services), and the amount of money contributed when purchasing a gift certificate, as advance payment (advance payment). At the same time, such an approach of the legislator is criticized due to the fact that there is a clear contradiction to the requirements of Art. 402 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Belarus, from the content of which it follows that the advance payment presupposes the existence of a contract in which the subject has been agreed, which is not typical of most gift certificates, due to the fact that they do not contain an indication of the subject of the contract. Having done the analysis of the civil legislation of Ukraine, the author makes a conclusion that there is application of the rules on a purchase agreement to gift certificates, the subject of which may be property rights in accordance with the Civil Code of Ukraine. The conclusion is made about the imperfection of the legal regulation of the procedure for circulation of gift certificates in the Republic of Belarus and Ukraine, as well as about the complex legal nature of the gift certificate, regarding which legal regulation should be more universal, defining a gift certificate as an independent object of civil legal relationship.

scholarly journals Nutraceutical profiles of apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) as a source of fruit quality traits for breeding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Gómez-Martínez ◽  
Almudena Bermejo ◽  
María Luisa Badenes ◽  
Elena Zuriaga
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Nutraceutical Compounds ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Future Work

SummaryIn a social context of increasingly concern about healthy diets, the development of new varieties with enhanced content in nutraceutical compounds is an increasingly important objective of the fruit breeding programs currently developed. In this sense, apricot is a fruit crop very appreciated by consumers due to its organoleptic characteristics, but also plays an important role in human nutrition due to its contain of phytocompounds as sugars, organic acids, vitamins and polyphenols. In this work, new selections from the apricot breeding program carried out at the Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA) and traditional varieties have been analysed aimed at identifying sources of genetic variation for fruit quality. For this purpose, sugar content, organic acids and ascorbic acid were studied during two crop years. Results revealed sucrose and glucose as the major sugars, malic and citric acid as the main organic acids, and diverse ascorbic acid content among the cultivars studied. Results obtained pointed some accessions as potential sources to increase fruit quality. In addition, the study showed that apricot peel is an excellent source of nutraceutical compounds. Moreover, this study opens up new possibilities for future work to study the genetic control of these traits in apricot.

scholarly journals Nutraceutical profiles of apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) as a source of fruit quality traits for breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. e0703-e0703
Author(s):  
Helena Gómez-Martínez ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Nutraceutical Compounds ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
New Varieties

Aim of study: In a social context of increasing concern about healthy diets, the development of new varieties with enhanced content in nutraceutical compounds is an important objective of the fruit breeding programs currently developed. In this sense, apricot is a fruit crop very appreciated by consumers worldwide due to its organoleptic characteristics, but also plays an important role in human nutrition due to its content of phytocompounds as sugars, organic acids, vitamins and polyphenols. Area of study: The identification of sources of variation for these traits could be useful for apricot breeding worldwide. Material and methods: New selections from the apricot breeding program carried out at the Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA, Spain) and traditional varieties have been analysed aimed at identifying sources of genetic variation for fruit quality. For this purpose, sugar content, organic acids and ascorbic acid were studied during three crop years. Main results: Results revealed sucrose and glucose as the major sugars, malic and citric acid as the main organic acids, and diverse ascorbic acid content among the cultivars studied. Research highlights: Some accessions point as potential sources to increase fruit quality. In addition, the study showed that apricot peel is an excellent source of nutraceutical compounds. Moreover, this study opens up new possibilities to study the genetic control of these traits in apricot in the future.

scholarly journals Yield and Nutritional Quality of Vesuvian Piennolo Tomato PDO as Affected by Farming System and Biostimulant Application

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Caruso ◽  
Stefania De Pascale ◽  
Eugenio Cozzolino ◽  
Antonio Cuciniello ◽  
Vincenzo Cenvinzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Area Index

Scientific investigations are being increasingly devoted to biostimulant effects on vegetable yield and quality, with the perspective of sustainable crop management. Two farming systems (conventional or organic) in factorial combination with two biostimulant treatments (tropical plant extract (PE); legume-derived protein hydrolysate (PH)) plus a non-treated control were compared in terms of tomato fruit yield, yield components, mineral composition, functional and nutritional indicators. PE- and PH-based biostimulants resulted in higher plant biomass, PH even in higher leaf area index, compared to non-treated control. Marketable yield was not significantly affected by farming system. PH and PE gave higher yield than non-treated control. PH treatment led to higher fruit number than the control, whereas PE incurred significant increase in yield only under organic farming. The mean fruit weight attained the highest value upon PE application under conventional management. Colour component a* (redness) was higher with the conventional system compared to the organic one, whereas an opposite trend was shown by the organic acids malate, oxalate and isocitrate. Irrespective of the farming system, the soluble solids, fruit brightness (L*) and redness as well as the target organic acids malate, oxalate, citrate and isocitrate were significantly higher than untreated plants by 10.1%, 16.1%, 19.8%, 18.9%, 12.1%, 13.5% and 26.8%, respectively, with no significant differences between the PH- and PE-based biostimulants. Higher lipophilic activity and total ascorbic acid concentration but lower lycopene were recorded under organic management. PE and PH application resulted in higher total phenol and ascorbic acid as well as in lycopene content, and lipophilic antioxidant activity than the non-treated control. Biostimulants proved to be an effective sustainable tool for enhancing tomato fruit yield and functional quality both under conventional and organic vegetable systems.

scholarly journals Suitability of plum varieties and forms selected by the Federal Research Center n.a. I.V. Michurin for the production of prunes

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
N V Borzykh ◽  
R E Bogdanov ◽  
A N Yushkov ◽  
O E Bogdanov ◽  
R A Shchukin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Dried Fruits ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Plum Varieties ◽  
Acid Index

Abstract The study is aimed at assessing the suitability of plum varieties cultivated in Tambov region for the production of dried fruits (prunes). Large-fruited (average weight of more than 31 g) varieties were identified. Renklod by Kharitonovoy, Etude, Vengerka by Kursakov and Nochka are characterized by intense violet and dark purple integumentary colors. A combination of high skin strength, pulp hardness and good stone separation was found in Renklod by Kharitonov, Renklod Tambov, Etude, Vengerka by Kursakov and 23-135 Elite. A high accumulation of soluble solids, sugars, a low content of organic acids, as well as a high sugar-acid index were found in Renklod by Kharitonov, Renklod Tambov and Elite 23-135. Prunes produced from Renklod by Kharitonov, Renklod Tambov and 23-135 Elite were characterized by high commercial and consumer qualities, which makes it possible to recommend these varieties for the production of dried fruits.

scholarly journals Biochemical components of 1-MCP treated apples after exposure at 20±20С at the end of storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 239-248
Author(s):  
A.V. Melnyk ◽  
◽  
L.M. Khudik
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Refrigerated Storage ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Subsequent Decrease ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Apple Fruits

The soluble solids content, level of organic acids, sugars, vitamins and their ratios are the main biochemical indicators of nutritional value that determine the taste of fruits. At the beginning of storage, soluble solids content increases in winter apple varieties, then decreases, and the level of organic acids is mostly reduced due to the active use in respiration. Ascorbic acid is a natural antioxidant, which relatively low content in apples usually reduces during refrigerated storage. The preservation of product’s quality and slowing of ripening achieve by post-harvest treatment of apples with ethylene inhibitor 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), which reduces the loss of soluble solids content, titrated acidity and ascorbic acid. The purpose of the research was to identify the effect of post-harvest treatment of apples with 1-methylcyclopropene on the change in the content of soluble solids, titrated and ascorbic acids in the early winter apple fruits during the extended life cycle at room conditions at the end of long-term storage. Research objects were early-winter apple cultivars ‘Calville’ and ‘Spartan’, treated after harvest with 1-MCP (‘SmartFreshTM’ 0,068 g•m-3) for 24 h at 5 ± 1 ⁰C, during storage at 3 ± 1 ⁰C and relative humidity 85–90 % for two, three, four, five and six months (non-treated fruits – control). Physical-chemical parameters of apple fruits were evaluated monthly at the end of seven days exposure at 20 ± 2⁰C after refrigerated storage. The soluble solids content was determined by refractometer, the content of titrated acids — in recalculation on malic acid - by titration of the aqueous extract, the content of ascorbic acid – by titrimetric method. Data are means of three replicates. It was founded the decrease in soluble solids content of control fruits both varieties as a result of exposure at 20 ± 2⁰C during storage and increase in this indicator for 1-MCP treatment products during the first two and three months of storage with its subsequent decrease. 1-MCP treated fruits contained in twice higher titrated acids content and on 0.51–0.57 mg/100 g significantly higher ascorbic acid content at the end of the seven-day exposure at 20 ± 2⁰C after six months in refrigerator. Consequently, post-harvest 1-MCP treatment is significantly effective for the preservation of the main chemical components’s content of apple fruits at elevated temperature.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF CONSERVATION METHOD (FREEZING AND DRYING) ON COMPOSITION AND CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN ROSACEAE FRUITS (CRUDE HERBAL DRUGS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna Sergunova ◽  
Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Conservation Method

Objective: Now, five crude herbal drugs (CHD) of fruit morphological group (fruits) related to Rosaceae family included in the Russian State Pharmacopoeia XI and XIII editions: Fructus Rosae (Rosa cinnamomea L. and other species), Fructus Crataegi (Crataegus sanguinea Pall. and other species), Fructus Sorbi (Sorbus aucuparia L.), Fructus Rubi (Rubus idaeus L.), and Fructus Aroniae (Aronia melanocarpa [Michx.] Elliott).The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of freezing and oven drying on the composition and content of individual groups of biologically active substances (BAS) in Rosaceae fruits.Methods: The groups of BAS were investigated by UV spectrophotometry (flavonoids and anthocyanins), galvanostatic coulometry titration (organic acids), gravimetry (polysaccharides), and titration with potassium permanganate (tannins).Results: The relation between content of BAS (total free organic acids, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins, total tannins, and total polysaccharides) and fruits conservation method was determined. In frozen fruits total polysaccharides, total free organic acids, ascorbic acid content decreases by 5–7%, total flavonoids and total tannins content - 10–15%, total anthocyanins content - 25–30%. Fruits oven drying at 60–80°C leads to more significant losses of total anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, and total free organic acids.Conclusion: The study of BAS stability in frozen and dried fruits was lasting for 12 months. The duration of shelf life for frozen fruits is recommended. Freezing as a conservation method allows to preserve more BAS in Rosaceae fruits. Frozen CHD can be proposed as an alternative to fresh and dried СРВ for the preparation of allopathic and homeopathic medicines.

scholarly journals (46) Foliar-applied Potassium: Effects on Muskmelon Quality, Sugar, Ascorbic Acid, and Beta-carotene

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1030D-1030
Author(s):  
Gene E. Lester ◽  
John L. Jifon ◽  
Gordon Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Phloem Loading ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
K Fertilizer

Muskmelonfruit[Cucumis melo L. (Retiulatus Goup)] sugar content is related to potassium (K)-mediated phloem loading and unloading of sucrose into the fruit. During fruit growth and maturation, soil fertility is often inadequate (due to poor root uptake) to satisfy the demand for K. Potassium uptake also competes with the uptake of Ca and Mg, two essential minerals needed for melon fruit membrane structure, function and postharvest shelf-life. Supplemental foliar-applied K could alleviate this problem especially during the critical fruit growth/maturation period. We conducted experiments to determine the effects of timing of supplemental foliar K applications on fruit quality and health attributes of orange-flesh muskmelon `Cruiser'. Plants were grown in a greenhouse and fertilized with a regular soil-applied N–P–K fertilizer throughout the study. Entire plants, including the fruit were sprayed with a solution of a novel glycine amino acid-complexed potassium (Potassium Metalosate, 24% K), diluted to 4.0 mL·L-1, 3 to 5 d after anthesis (fruit set) and up to 3 to 5 d prior to abscission (full-slip). Three sets of plants were either sprayed weekly, or bi-weekly or not sprayed (control). Fruit from plants receiving supplemental foliar K matured on average 2 days earlier, and had significantly higher fruit K concentrations, soluble solids, total sugars, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), beta-carotene, and were firmer than fruit from control plants. In general, there were few differences in fruit quality aspects between bi-weekly or weekly treatments. The data demonstrate that fruit quality and marketability as well as some of the developmentally induced K deficiency effects can be alleviated through foliar nutrition.

scholarly journals Selection Of The Best Varieties Of Cherry Fruits By The Method Of Multi-Criteria Optimization

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
O. V. Vasylyshyna
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Multicriteria Optimization ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Organoleptic Parameters ◽  
Selection Of

The production of quality products and their efficiency is a pressing issue today. The solution of which is inextricably linked to the introduction of new varieties with a high content of antioxidants, pectins, which have healing and preventive properties. To conduct research in 2016 - 2018 at the L.P. Symyrenko experimental station IS NAAN the following varieties of cherry fruits were selected: Alpha, Zhadan, Chance, Elegant, Artemenko Memory, Optimist, Podbelskaya. The cherry was harvested in the consumer stage of ripeness during the first decade of July. According to the complex of physicochemical and organoleptic parameters, the selection of the best variety of cherry fruits was performed by the method of multicriteria optimization. The aim of the work was, on the basis of a comparative analysis of a set of physicochemical and organoleptic indicators of cherry fruits, using multicriteria optimization, to determine the best varieties recommended for production. The results of studies showed that the weight of cherry fruits ranged from 4,2 to 5,2 g. The content of soluble solids in cherry fruits was at the level of 15,26–15,89% and was predominant for cherries in Artemenko memory and the lowest in Podbelska variety. The sugar content of cherry fruits was 10,14 −10,96%. The level of titratable acids that determine the taste of cherry fruits together with the gourds is in the range from 1,67 to 2,02%. It is the highest for cherry fruits of the Artemenko memory, and the lowest for the Elegant variety. The cherry fruits of the experimental varieties have a significant content of ascorbic acid − 19,15−16,25 mg/100 g. The cherries of the Artemenko memory, and the lowest of the Optimist variety, prevail in the fruits. The tasting rating of cherry fruits is 8−8,7 points. According to the complex of the mentioned above physicochemical and organoleptic indicators by the method of multicriteria optimization such varieties of cherry fruits as Artemenko Memory, Alpha and Zhadana are recommended for production implementation

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