Injury rate in the pediatric population of Saint Petersburg

Introduction. The injury rate in children remains an urgent and unresolved problem in the field of medicine. In recent years, the average injury rate in 0- to 17-year-old children is 116–118 injuries per 1000 children of the corresponding population in Russia. Aim. The study aimed to analyze the injury rates in the children in St. Petersburg in 2016 and to compare them with the injury rates of previous years and those of children in Russia. Material and methods. Based on state statistics, the indices of injury rate in the children in St. Petersburg in 2016 were evaluated. The disability in children as a result of external actions and the activities of medical and preventive institutions for providing specialized care to children with injuries were also investigated. Results and discussion. A new form of reporting by Rosstat enabled the clarification of the data with respect to the nature of the injuries and the number of bone fractures in various locations of the body in accordance with the XIX class of the ICD-10, as well as with respect to the morbidity and mortality in children owing to external causes (class XX of the ICD) that include road-traffic accidents and physical abuse. Conclusions. The rate of injury in children aged 0–14 years decreased when compared with that suggested by the previous year’s data. Further, in adolescents aged 15–17 years, the rate of injury was significantly higher than the average rate in Russia. The disability in children as a result of external actions has decreased. However, the prevention of child injuries in St. Petersburg, especially in adolescents, remains an urgent medical and social problem.

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Mandibular Bone Fractures in elderly patients with reference to etiology of trauma

10.53350/pjmhs211581920 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 1920-1922

Author(s):

Nabeela Riaz ◽

Samreen Younas ◽

Ijaz Ur Rehman ◽

Ahmad Abdul Haseeb ◽

Saba Hanif ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elderly Patients ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Mandibular Fractures ◽

Mandibular Bone ◽

Mandibular Injuries

Aim: to explore the mandibular bone fractures in elderly patients with reference to etiology of trauma. Methodology: This was a descriptive study conducted in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery KEMU/ Mayo Hospital Lahore. Elderly patients (age 60-100years) with mandibular bone fractures. Results: Aetiology of trauma leading to mandibular fractures was as follows; there were 79(65.83%) cases of RTA, 32(26.66%) falls, 4(3.33%) assaults and there were only 3(2.5%) cases of industrial injury. Conclusion: To conclude, this study depicts that road traffic accidents were the predominant cause of injury in the studied age group. Elderly patients need more care and attention, especially after traumatic incidents and lead to financial burden in hospitals Keywords: Maxillofacial trauma, Elderly population, Mandibular injuries, Elderly fractures

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Epidemiology of Pediatric Trauma and Its Patterns in Western Iran: A Hospital Based Experience

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n6p139 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 139 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Fereshteh Jalalvandi ◽

Peyman Arasteh ◽

Roya Safari Faramani ◽

Masoumeh Esmaeilivand

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Care Center ◽

Pediatric Trauma ◽

Age Groups ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Orthopedic Injury ◽

The Hours

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Trauma is a major cause of mortality in children aged 1 to 14 years old and its patterns differs from country to country. In this study we investigated the epidemiology and distribution of non-intentional trauma in the pediatric population.MATERIALS & METHODS: The archives of 304 children below 10 years old who presented to Taleghani trauma care center in Kermanshah, Iran from March to September 2008, were reviewed. Patients’ demographic and injury related information were registered. The participants were categorized into three age groups of 0-2, 3-6 and 7-10 years old and the data was compared among age groups and between both sexes.FINDINGS: The most common cause for trauma was falling from heights (65.5%) and road traffic accidents (16.4%). The most common anatomical sites of injury were the upper limbs followed by the head and neck (36.8% and 31.2%, respectively). Injuries mostly occurred in homes (67.4%). The injuries were mostly related to the orthopedics and the neurosurgery division (84.1% and 13.1%, respectively). Accident rates peaked during the hours of 18-24 (41.3%). Male and female patients did display any difference regarding the variables.Children between the ages of 0-2 years old had the highest rate of injury to the head and neck area (40.3%) (p=0.024). Falls and road traffic accidents displayed increasing rates from the ages of 0-2 to 3-6 and decreasing rates to the ages of 7-10 years old (p=0.013). From the ages of 0-2 to 3-6 years old, street accidents increased and household traumas decreased. After that age household trauma rates increased and street accidents decreased (p=0.005). Children between the ages of 7-10 years old had the highest rate of orthopedic injury (p=0.029).CONCLUSION: Special planning and health policies are needed to prevent road accidents especially in children between the ages of 3-6 years old. Since homes were the place where children between the ages of 0-2 were mostly injured, parents should be educated about the correct safety measures that they need to take regarding their children's environments. The orthopedics department needs to receive the most training and resources for the management of pediatric trauma.

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Daylight Saving Time Transitions and Road Traffic Accidents

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2010/657167 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Tuuli Lahti ◽

Esa Nysten ◽

Jari Haukka ◽

Pekka Sulander ◽

Timo Partonen

Keyword(s):

Circadian Rhythm ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

The Body ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Time Schedule ◽

Daylight Saving Time ◽

Daylight Saving ◽

The Social ◽

A Minor

Circadian rhythm disruptions may have harmful impacts on health. Circadian rhythm disruptions caused by jet lag compromise the quality and amount of sleep and may lead to a variety of symptoms such as fatigue, headache, and loss of attention and alertness. Even a minor change in time schedule may cause considerable stress for the body. Transitions into and out of daylight saving time alter the social and environmental timing twice a year. According to earlier studies, this change in time-schedule leads to sleep disruption and fragmentation of the circadian rhythm. Since sleep deprivation decreases motivation, attention, and alertness, transitions into and out of daylight saving time may increase the amount of accidents during the following days after the transition. We studied the amount of road traffic accidents one week before and one week after transitions into and out of daylight saving time during years from 1981 to 2006. Our results demonstrated that transitions into and out of daylight saving time did not increase the number of traffic road accidents.

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Spatial analysis of road traffic accident deaths in the state of Paraná, 2007-2016

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i11.19942 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. e431101119942

Author(s):

Claudia Schneck ◽

Elias Teixeira Krainski ◽

Carlos Eduardo da Rocha Omoto ◽

Daniel Grabasky Accioly ◽

Faissal Nemer Hajar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Relative Risk ◽

Spatial Analysis ◽

Road Traffic Accident ◽

Traffic Accident ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

The State ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

Icd 10

Brazil is in fifth place among countries with the highest number of land transport accidents. The state of Paraná, Brazil, was the object of this study which conducted spatial analysis with the aim of identifying areas where this phenomenon occurs more and their time series over a 10-year period. This was an ecological and exploratory observational study covering the period 2007 to 2016 in 39 micro-regions of the state of Paraná. Data of road traffic accident deaths as per the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10, codes V01 to V89) held on the Mortality Information System, were analyzed. Relative risk rates were calculated and choropleth maps were built. A total of 31,651 deaths from the causes examined were recorded according to municipality of occurrence. The most frequent ICD-10 items found were those involving automobile occupants, motorcyclists, pedestrians and cyclists in road traffic accidents. An overall falling trend was found with effect from 2012. The rate by area did not show pronounced spatial dependence and there was considerable variation, whereby the Cerro Azul micro-region had the lowest relative risk in the period, while in Campo Mourão deaths were around 53.3% above the expected level. The estimated average annual trend for the Curitiba micro-region had the steepest fall in the period, while Campo Mourão had the highest rising trend. The trend analysis indicated places where more robust public policy interventions and enforcement actions need to be reviewed.

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Complex Interaction between Obesity and Trauma

Panamerican Journal of Trauma, Critical Care & Emergency Surgery ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10030-1101 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 109-113

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Obesity Paradox ◽

Complex Interaction ◽

The Body ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Severity Of Injury

ABSTRACT Trauma and obesity are large-scale epidemics that can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In few studies, it has noted that there is the ‘obesity paradox’ (obesity has been found to be protective against mortality) due to certain causes, i.e. heart failure or cardiovascular disease. Subcutaneous fat can show great variability between individuals and increased subcutaneous fat may be protective against injuries by cushioning the internal abdominal organs against injurious forces in road traffic accidents. Many factors including the body fat distribution, body shape, and center of gravity may play an important role in the different injury patterns and severity of injury between men and women. A better understanding of how obesity influences trauma related injuries not only will help to improve the outcome but also foster the development of interventions to address the most salient and modifiable risk factors to reduce obesity related morbidity and mortality. In present article, we review the relevant literature with special considerations to understand the interactions of obesity and trauma with their impact on patient management and outcomes. How to cite this article Agrawal A. Complex Interaction between Obesity and Trauma. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2014;3(3):109-113.

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Effectiveness of Closed Reduction in the treatment of nasal bone fractures

Nepal Medical College Journal ◽

10.3126/nmcj.v23i1.36225 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 37-40

Author(s):

Brihaspati Sigdel ◽

K Sah

Keyword(s):

Bone Fracture ◽

Closed Reduction ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Nasal Bone ◽

College Teaching ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Functional Abnormality ◽

Nasal Injury

This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of closed reduction of nasal bone fracture according to severity. It was a retrospective study carried on 60 patients with mean age of 30.2 years (range 10-67 years) who have undergone a closed reduction of a nasal bone fracture at Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. The patient with nasal bone fracture who underwent surgical intervention with closed reduction under General anaesthesia were included in this study. Fracture severity was evaluated according to Hwang et al.’s classification method. All patients underwent closed reduction with external nasal splinting under General anesthesia. The patients were followed-up for at least three months to assess the complications, such as fracture recurrence and functional abnormality in the Department. The most common cause of nasal bone fracture was road traffic accidents 25 (41.6%) followed by physical assaults 18 (30%), fall injuries 12 (20%), other incidences 3 (5%), and industrial accidents 2 (3%). Forty-three (72%) cases underwent closed reduction within 24 hours of those who arrived within 4-6 hour of nasal injury in the hospital and the remaining 17 (28%) cases were reduced after 5 days of trauma. Concurrent fracture found in 8 (13%) cases and it included maxillary, zygomatic, orbital, frontal bone fracture. Nasal bone fracture mostly occurs in road traffic accidents. Closed reduction with good alignment is the preferred method. Septorhinoplasty and extracorporeal septoplasty should be applied in difficult and comminuted nasoseptal fracture.

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EFFECTIVENESS OF HIGH SCHOOL GIRLS LACROSSE HEADGEAR MANDATE IN THE REDUCTION OF HEAD AND FACE INJURIES

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967119s00026 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 2325967119S0002

Author(s):

Shayla Veasley ◽

Samuel L. Baron ◽

Michael Nguyen ◽

Utkarsh Anil ◽

Michael Alaia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Public Schools ◽

Injury Rate ◽

The Body ◽

P Value ◽

Eye Injuries ◽

Injury Rates ◽

Astm Standard ◽

High School Girls ◽

School Girls

INTRODUCTION: Due to a large number of eye injuries in girls’ lacrosse, US Lacrosse instituted a rule making protective eye-wear mandatory starting in the 2004-2005 season. Although the eye-wear was shown to significantly reduce injuries to the eyes, injuries to the head and face are still commonly reported despite body checks and stick checks to the body being illegal. In 2016, US lacrosse ruled that headgear could be used by its teams as long as it meets ASTM standard F3137*. There has been continued controversy over whether or not headgear in women’s lacrosse could make players more aggressive and/or lead to fewer dangerous call penalties by the officials, thus increasing the head and face injury rate. In 2017, the Public Schools Athletic League, which governs most scholastic sports in New York City, became the first high school organization in the country to mandate ASTM standard F3137 headgear for all women’s lacrosse players. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ASTM standard F3137 approved headgear on the rate of head and face injuries in high school girls’ lacrosse. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study. The study group included three JV and five varsity girls’ lacrosse teams, as well as their game opponents, who were mandated to wear headgear for all practice and game events over the course of the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 lacrosse seasons. Certified athletic trainers assessed and documented all injuries that occurred as a result of participation on the lacrosse teams and athlete exposures were estimated based on the number of team practice and game events. Injury rates were compared with those from the High School RIO (Reporting Information Online) injury data reports from the 2008-2009 to 2015-2016 lacrosse seasons as well as an external publication based on RIO data that provided concussion injury rates. RESULTS: Over the study period, 17 total injuries were reported during 22397 athlete exposures (AEs), for an injury rate of 0.76 injuries per 1000 AEs. Two total head/face injuries (2 concussions) were reported during the study for both a head/face and concussion rate of 0.09 per 1000 AEs. There was a significant decrease in injury rates for total injuries (RR 0.4927; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.3037-0.7995; P-value 0.004) and head/face injuries (RR 0.2232; 95% CI, 0.2232-0.055; p-value 0.016) when comparing this data to the HS RIO study reports. When compared to the concussion data provided by the external RIO publication, there was a lower injury rate that was not found to be significant (RR 0.26; 95% CI, 0.0630 -1.033; p-value: 0.03879). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Headgear use did not increase the injury rate for the head/face when compared to data before the optional headgear use rule. This may help to dispel fears over an injury rate that would increase due to more aggressive play or less cautious officiating.

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Maxillofacial Injuries Related to Road Traffic Accidents: A Five Year Multi Center Analysis

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction Open ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1694708 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. s-0039-1694708

Author(s):

Utsav Singh Gurung ◽

Gaurav Singh ◽

Madan Mishra ◽

Shubhamoy Mondal ◽

Amit Gaur

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Treatment Protocol ◽

Care Program ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Maxillofacial Injuries ◽

Chi Square ◽

Periodic Evaluation

The purpose of this study was to assess the epidemiological data on maxillofacial injuries related to road traffic accidents from two multispecialty medical centers in India, and then evaluate their incidence and pattern. Data were extracted from the medical records of all road traffic accident victims with maxillofacial injuries who reported to the centers between January 2013 and December 2017. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis; significance was set at p < 0.05. Out of 1,110 patients, highest incidence of injuries was observed in the males of age group 20 to 29 years with mean age of 25.95 years (standard deviation, 9.35 years). Head injury, laceration, and tooth luxation were the most common forms of associated injuries. The use of protective helmets and seatbelts was extremely low which was associated to higher risk of facial bone fractures. Violation of traffic rules was the most common etiology behind these accidents. These findings were statistically significant ( p < 0.05). The ever increasing incidence of maxillofacial injuries related to road traffic accidents suggests the need to deal with them promptly and wisely. Keeping an update on the changing pattern of these injuries by continuous recording and periodic evaluation of epidemiological data is helpful in the primary prevention of trauma by evolving a better trauma care program and effective treatment protocol focused on the target groups. The updated data can guide treating physicians in anticipating and diagnosing maxillofacial injuries.

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Injury rates of the German Women’s American Football National Team from 2009 to 2011

Orthopedic Reviews ◽

10.4081/or.2012.e28 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Marco Ezechieli ◽

Stephan Berger ◽

Christian-Heige Siebert ◽

Oliver Miltner

Keyword(s):

Injury Rate ◽

The Body ◽

American Football ◽

Fracture Dislocation ◽

Football Players ◽

Injury Rates ◽

World Championship ◽

National Team ◽

Injury Data ◽

Or Practice

American football is one of the leading causes of athletic-related injuries. Injury rates in female elite players are mostly unknown. We hypothesized that the injury rates of female was comparable to those in men’s football during practice, as well as games. From 2009 to 2011, injury data were collected from the German female national team during training camps, World Championship 2010 and International friendly matches. The injury was categorized by location on the body and recorded as fracture/dislocation, strain, concussion, contusion or other injury. Injury rates were determined based on the exposure of an athlete to a game or practice event. The injury rate was calculated as the ratio of injuries per 1000 athlete exposures (AE). The rate of injury was significantly higher during games (58.8/1000 AE) than practices [16.3/1000 AE, (P<0.01)]. Furthermore, the injury rate in the tryouts was significantly higher (24.05/1000 AE) compared to other training sessions with the national team (11.24/1000 AE). Our findings show that the injury rates in female elite American football players can be compared to those described for male players. Higher injury rates during matches than in training should also be underlined.

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‘War Surgery at Sea’ : Maritime Trauma Experience in the Gulf War 2003

Journal of The Royal Naval Medical Service ◽

10.1136/jrnms-89-123 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 89 (3) ◽

pp. 123-132

Author(s):

Jon J Matthews ◽

Stuart J Mercer

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Gunshot Wounds ◽

Operative Management ◽

Gulf War ◽

Long Bone ◽

Good Effect ◽

War Surgery ◽

Duration Of Surgery

AbstractDuring the second Gulf War in 2003. the Primary Casualty Receiving facility onboard R.F.A. Argus treated thirty six patients with injuries sustained in the conflict, including thirty Iraqi enemy prisoners of war and displaced persons. Their injuries and operative management are reported. Eighteen casualties sustained fragmentation injuries, six casualties sustained gunshot wounds and seven casualties suffered a combination of both. In addition to penetrating missile injuries five casualties from road traffic accidents were treated. All wounds were managed following the established principles of war surgery. The extremities were involved in twenty eight patients (78%) including nine open, multifragmented long bone fractures which were managed with external skeletal fixators. Two laparotomies and one thoracotomy were performed. The average duration of surgery was one hundred and thirty two minutes with the longest procedure lasting for six hours and ten minutes. This was the first time that the Primary Casualty Receiving Facility had been used to surgically manage war casualties and it fulfilled this role to good effect.

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