scholarly journals ​Management of Early Leaf Spot (Cercospora arachidicola) of Groundnut in Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikash Kumar ◽  
Narendra Singh ◽  
B.D.S. Nathawat ◽  
Data Ram Kumhar
Keyword(s):  
Field Condition ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Cercospora Arachidicola ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Plant Disease Management

Background: Early leaf spot caused by Cercospora arachidicola Hori. is most destructive disease in all the groundnut growing areas of Rajasthan, under severe infestation it cause 30-50% losses in pod yield. Recently, Central Insecticide Board (CIB), Faridabade banned 27 pesticides including some important fungicides which are extensively used in plant disease management. Therefore, in the present investigation, our main emphasis was to find out some new fungicides for management of early leaf spot disease. Methods: Ten fungicides (hexaconazole 5% EC, difenconazole 25% EC, propiconazole 25% EC, tebuconazole 25.9% EC, trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% WG, mancozeb 50% WP, chlorothalonil 75% WP, carbendazim 50% WP, carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% WP and captan 70% + hexaconazole 5% WP) were evaluated against early leaf spot pathogen (C. arachidicola) both in lab as well as in field condition. The experiment was conducted at ARS, SKRAU, Bikaner during Kharif-2019 on most popular cv. HNG-69 in RBD design with the application of foliar spray of ten different fungicides at different concentrations against early leaf spot disease and compared with an untreated control. Result: Among all the fungicides used in the present investigation, Tebuconazole 25.9% EC was found most effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of the pathogen followed by trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% WG. Under field condition, it gave maximum (70.73%) disease control with highest pod yield (31.5 q/ha) and net return (Rs 57,500/ha) when applied as foliar spray at 0.1% concentration followed by trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% WG at 0.2%. These treatments can provide an effective and economical management of early leaf spot disease for groundnut cultivators.

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar Response to Leaf Spot Disease Development Under Four Disease Management Programs1

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Grichar ◽  
B. A. Besler ◽  
A. J. Jaks
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Cercospora Arachidicola ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Disease Pressure

Abstract Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) pod yield and response to early and late leaf spots [caused by Cercospora arachidicola S. Hori and Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) Deighton, respectively] were evaluated on six runner-type cultivars under four leaf spot spray programs using tebuconazole at 0.23 kg ai/ha and chlorothalonil at 1.26 kg ai/ha. The four leaf spot spray programs included unsprayed, 14-d schedule, 21-d schedule, and 28-d schedule. With the 14- and 21-d schedule, chlorothalonil was applied at the first and last applications with a maximum of four tebuconazole applications for the middle sprays. On the 28-d schedule, tebuconazole was applied four times. Under conditions of heavy leaf spot disease pressure where no fungicide was applied, Southern Runner and Georgia Browne were slightly less susceptible (although not significantly) to early or late leaf spot than Florunner, GK-7, Georgia Runner, or Sunrunner. Less leaf spot was present in the 14-d schedule compared to 21- or 28-d schedules. Although there was no yield difference between the 14-, 21-, or 28-d schedules, the plots sprayed on a 14-d schedule yielded 43% more than the unsprayed. When averaged across all spray schedules, Georgia Browne yielded 15% more peanuts than Georgia Runner.

scholarly journals Evaluation of garlic, BAU-biofungicide, bion and chemical fungicides in controlling leaf spot of Taro

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-173
Author(s):  
MAS Sohag ◽  
MT Hossen ◽  
MS Monjil
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chemical Fungicides

The field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Garlic extract @ 10%, BAU-Biofungicide @ 2%, Bion@ 0.2%, Bavistin DF (Carbendazim) @ 0.1% and Proud 250EC (Propiconazole) @ 0.1%  for controlling leaf spot disease of taro (Colocasia esculenta). Performance of these treatments was assessed by applying as cormel treatment and foliar spray. Cormel treatment under field experiment was found effective for BAU-Biofungicide and Proud 250EC. Bavistin DF and Proud 250EC was more effective than other treatments in increasing plant height and healthy leaves, and in decreasing spotted and dead leaves. Before foliar spraying, BAU-Biofungicide as cormel treatment reduced the disease incidence (46.19%) and severity (25.28%) of taro leaf spot at 180 days after sowing. As foliar spray all the treatments has significant effect on taro leaf spot. Among the treatments BAU-Biofungicide was found superior to control leaf spot of taro. BAU-Biofungicide resulted maximum reduction of disease incidence and severity and increase in number of healthy leaf followed by Bion and Proud 250EC. BAU-Biofungicide showed enhanced results in terms of disease incidence and severity of leaf spot of Taro before and after foliar spraying.Progressive Agriculture 28 (3): 167--173, 2017

scholarly journals Evaluation of Three Botanicals, Bavistin and BAU-Biofungicide for Controlling Leaf Spot of Groundnut Caused by Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
MH Hossain ◽  
I Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Cercospora Arachidicola ◽  
Cercosporidium Personatum ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Datura Metel ◽  
Polyalthia Longifolia

A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of three selected botanicals namely leaf extract of Neem (Azadirachta indica), Debdaru (Polyalthia longifolia) and datura (black) (Datura metel) along with Bavistin (Carbendazim) and BAU-biofungicide (Trichoderma harzianum) against leaf spot disease (tikka) of groundnut caused by Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum at the Field Research Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during 2009-10. The most effective treatments were Bavistin, BAU-biofungicide (seed treatment + spray), BAU-biofungicide (spray) and leaf extract of Neem. Bavistin increased pod and dry haulm yield by 53.51 and 24-80 %, respectively. Maximum pod yield and dry haulm weight were recorded under Bavistin. BAU-biofungicide (seed treatment + spray) produced the second highest pod and dry haulm yield followed by leaf extract of Neem and BAU-biofungicide (spray). BAU-biofungicide (seed treatment + spray) and leaf extract of Neem may be recommended for controlling leaf spot disease of groundnut. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19579 The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 41-49

scholarly journals Effects of Postemergence Herbicides on Cercospora arachidicola Hori and Early Leaf Spot of Peanut1

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Baysinger ◽  
H. A. Melouk ◽  
D. S. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Cercospora Arachidicola ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

Abstract Early leaf spot is a common disease of peanut caused by the fungus Cercospora arachidicola Hori. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of postemergence herbicides on the conidial germination of C. arachidicola and on the incidence of early leaf spot disease in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in a greenhouse. Conidial germination was enhanced (≥ 100%) at concentrations of 1, 100, and 1000 mg/L of 2,4-DB compared with the untreated control. Lactofen reduced conidial germination by 42% compared with the control at concentrations as low as 100 mg/L and completely inhibited germination at concentrations ≥ 5000 mg/L. A concentration of 10,000 mg/L acifluorfen and 2,4-DB completely inhibited conidial germination. Acifluorfen, acifluorfen plus 2,4-DB, and lactofen decreased the sporulation of early leaf spot lesions. Lactofen reduced leaf spot incidence 12% and decreased sporulation of lesions 22% compared with the control. None of the herbicides increased the incidence of early leaf spot on peanut plants or the number of early leaf spot lesions per leaflet when compared with plants that received no herbicide.

scholarly journals Test the potensial use of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai and Gliocladium virens Arx fungi to control leaf spot disease in cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Sopialena Sopialena
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Gliocladium Virens ◽  
Effective Administration

This study aims to determine the effect of effective administration and dose of antagonistic fungus Trichoderma harzianum and Gliocladium virens that can suppress the intensity of disease attacks. So this indirectly has an effect to increase yield on cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). This research is done about 4 months from May until August 2017 starting from preparation of research of Harvest. This research was conducted at Jl. Struggle 9 Village South Sempaja, North Samarinda District, Samarinda City and the Laboratory of Plant Disease Pest Faculty of Agriculture Mulawarman University. This study used Competely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of six treatments and five replications. Without treatment (p0), Trichoderma harzianum with a dose of 24 g (p1), Gliocladium virens at a dose of 24 g (p2), 6 g T. harzianum + 18 g G. virens (p3), 12 g T. harzianum + 12 g G virens (p4), 18 g T. harzianum + 6 g G. virens (p5). The results showed that treatment of p1 with a dose of 24 grams Trichoderma harzianum able to suppress the intensity of disease attacks up to 17.08%. Treatment p2 with a dose of 24 grams Gliocladium virens is able to increase fruit weight to 19.95 grams.

scholarly journals Effect of Cyhexatin (Plictran) on Growth, Conidial Germination And Sporulation of Cercospora arachidicola1

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Melouk
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Cercospora Arachidicola ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Percent Germination

Abstract Growth of Cercospora arachidicola Hori, the causal agent of early leaf spot disease on peanuts, was completely inhibited on Czapek-Dox broth medium amended with the acaricide cyhexatin (Plictran) at ≤ 73.5 μg/ml; however, at 14.7 μg/ml traces of growth occurred after 6 weeks of incubation at 27±2C and continuous fluorescent light (800 lux). Aqueous preparations of cyhexation at ≤ 147.0 μg/ml completely inhibited the germination of conidia of C. arachidicola. At a concentration of cyhexatin ≤ 73.5 and 14.7 μg/ml, less than two percent of the conidia germinated as compared with more than 95 percent germination in distilled water. Misting of aqueous preparations of cyhexatin at ≤ 147.0 μg/ml on the adaxial or both surfaces of peanut leaflets with mature leafspot lesions was very effective in reducing the sporulating potential of C. arachidicola.

GROUNDNUT YIELD RESPONSE AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF FUNGICIDE AND PHOSPHORUS APPLICATION IN FARMER-MANAGED TRIALS IN NORTHERN GHANA

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. NAAB ◽  
S. S. SEINI ◽  
K. O. GYASI ◽  
G. Y. MAHAMA ◽  
P. V. V. PRASAD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
P Application ◽  
Phosphorus Application

SUMMARYPrior on-station research showed that sowing dates, sowing density and applications of fungicide and phosphorus (P) increased groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) pod yield by 60–80%. Farmer-managed trials were conducted in the Wa district of the Upper West Region of Ghana from 2004 to 2007 to test the yield response to sowing density, fungicide and P and to assess economic returns of these technologies to farmers. Treatments included: an early maturing groundnut cultivar, Chinese, sown at farmers' density (5–8 plant m−2) without fungicide and without P application (T1, control), with fungicide sprays alone (T2), or with fungicide and P application (T3), cultivar Chinese sown at recommended (higher) density (20 plant m−2) with fungicide and P application (T4), and a full season cultivar, Manipinter, with fungicide and P application (T5). Soil fertility, sowing density, days from sowing to first weeding, incidence and severity of leaf-spot disease and plant population at final harvest were recorded. Relative to farmers' practice, pod yield of cultivar Chinese was significantly increased by 80% with fungicide sprays alone, 108% with fungicide and P application, and 113% with fungicide and P application at higher sowing density. Cultivar Manipinter treated with fungicide and P gave 107% increase in pod yield relative to farmers' practice. Correlation and stepwise regression analyses suggested that major determinants of groundnut pod yield in farmers' fields were plant density, leaf-spot disease and P availability. The increase in yield with fungicide and P application translated into a 4–5-fold increase in gross margin for farmers in the region. Returns to labour and labour productivity were doubled with combined use of fungicide and P fertilizer.

Early and Late Leaf Spot Resistance and Agronomic Performance of Nineteen Interspecific Derived Peanut Lines1

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ouedraogo ◽  
O. D. Smith ◽  
C. E. Simpson ◽  
D. H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Cercospora Arachidicola ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Late Leaf Spot Resistance

Abstract Nineteen selected interspecific peanut lines with resistance to leaf spot [Cercospora arachidicola Hori and/or Cercosporidium personatum (Berk, and Curt.) Deighton] were field tested 3 yr for disease reaction and productivity with and without foliar fungicide protection. Measurements included severity ratings of leaf spot every 2 wk based on the Florida leaf spot disease rating scale, and pod yield. Area under disease progress curves (AUDPC) and pod yield losses were calculated. Differences among the interspecific lines in AUDPC values were significant, and one line had values equal to or lower than that of Southern Runner. One-half of the lines were equal in yield (P=0.01) to Southern Runner. Yields among lines averaged 1 to 50% higher with, as compared to without, chlorothalonil application. Yield losses of individual entries varied significantly from 1 yr to another and incongruous with the AUDPC pattern. Correlations between the AUDPC and yield loss were significant (P=0.01) for the 1989 and 1990, but not for the 1988 data. Results of the study indicate that resistance to both C. arachidicola and personatum were incorporated from the wild species parents into productive, runner-type breeding lines, and that the resistance to personatum was equal to or better than that of Southern Runner. Additional effort will be required to transfer levels of leaf spot resistance observed in the wild species parents into successful cultivars.

scholarly journals Management of Cercospora leaf spot disease of urdbean

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
Smita Tiwari ◽  
M.P. Dubey ◽  
P.K. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Cercospora Leaf Spot ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Highly Effective

For the management of Cercospora leaf spot of urdbean, seven new fungicides were tested for two year during 2018 and 2019. Of all the chemical tested, foliar spray with Azoxystrobin 8.3% + Mancozeb 66.7% WG and foliar spray with Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% WP were highly effective and provided less disease severity and high yield of urdbean crop.

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