scholarly journals KARYOMORPHOLOGICAL AND STOMATAL STUDIES OFALLIUM HOOKERITHWAITES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (04) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Sagufta Ismat ◽  
◽  
Kamini Kumar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Middle Portion ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Adaxial Surface ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Karyotypic Study ◽  
Basal Portion

AlliumhookeriThwaites belongs toAmaryllidaceae family is one of the most important medicinal plants, enormously used in cancer or inflammation because it contains large amounts of sulfonylmethane.It is also used to treat coughs, colds, fatigue and to recover immunity. Karyotypic study showed that somatic chromosome number is 2n = 22. Only nearly sub median and nearly median chromosomes are found in the complement. Karyotype formula = 1 nsm(-)+ 10 nm=2n=22. The total length of long arms is 60.36 µm, ranging from 3.16µm to 8.23µm. Total length of short arms is 31.57µm, ranging from 1.75µm to 4.11µm. The total length of the chromosome is 92.17µm, ranging from 4.78µm to 12.35µm. Relative chromosome length ranges from38.70µm to 100 µm. Arm ratio ranges from1.70 to2.38.Tf %= 41.63.Centromeric index ranges from 0.40 to 0.28 and The total chromatin index is 100, ranging from 5.18 to 13.40. Anomocytic type of stomata is observedStomatal index and stomatal size were calculated. The maximum length (53.6±2.06µm) was observed in basal portion of the adaxial surface and the minimum length (45.2 ± 1.40µm) was observed in the middle portion of abaxial surface. The maximum width size (24.8±1.11µm) was observed in the basal portion of the adaxial surface and the minimum width was (18.8 ± 1.14µm) at the middle portion of the abaxial surface. Stomatal index 12.63±0.5) maximum and minimum (6.13±0.40) was observed.

MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF OLECRANON PROCESS AND TROCHLEA OF HUMERUS IN ADULT POPULATION OF TELANGANA REGION.

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
G. Madhavi ◽  
T. Prasuna ◽  
V. Janaki
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Olecranon Process ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
Age And Sex

Introduction: Morphometric study of Olecranon process and Trochlea of humerus in Adult population of Telangana region. Materials And Methods: The study was done on 120 dry Adult Humerus of unknown age and sex collected from the Department of Anatomy, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, Telangana state. Results: Maximum width of Right and Left Olecranon process of humerus were 30mm and 34 mm respectively while the minimum width of olecranon process of humerus were 22mm on right and 24mm on left side. Mean width of olecranon process of humerus were 26 mm on right side, 29 mm on left side . Maximum length of Right and Left Olecranon process of humerus were 20mm and 20 mm respectively while the minimum length of olecranon process of humerus were 15mm onright and 16 on left side. Mean length of Olecranon process of humerus were 17.5 mm on right side, 18 mm on left side . Maximum width of right and left Trochlear process of humerus were 30mm and 30 mm respectively while the minimum width of width of right and left trochlear process of humerus were 18mm onright and 22 on left side. Mean width distance of trochlea of humerus were 24 mm on right side, 26 mm on left side. Conclusion: The knowledge of Morphometric study of Olecranon process and Trochlea of humerus is important for anatomists, It is also helpful for orthopaedic surgeons in distal end fracture of humerus and its reconstructive surgery for various implants.

scholarly journals Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. lamina anatomy as a tool for taxonomic distinction from B. odorata (Barb. Rodr.) Noblick comb. nov (Arecaceae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRUNO F. SANT'ANNA-SANTOS ◽  
WELLINGTON G.O. CARVALHO JÚNIOR ◽  
VANESSA B. AMARAL
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Plant Anatomy ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Epicuticular Waxes ◽  
Fibrous Layer ◽  
Middle Portion ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Adaxial Surface ◽  
Subsidiary Cells

The distinction between Butia capitata and B. odorata is based only on a few morphological characteristics, therefore there is a need for additional studies for supporting the separation of the species. As lamina anatomy characteristics are relevant in circumscribing Arecaceae taxa, this work aimed to describe B. capitata lamina anatomy and compare it with B. odorata. Samples from the middle portion of the pinnae were collected and processed in accordance with standard plant anatomy techniques. The epidermis is uniseriate and composed of a thick cuticle and epicuticular waxes into like hooked filaments. The subsidiary cells that arch over the guard cells are located at the hypodermis. The mesophyll is isobilateral and compact. The vascular bundles are collateral with a sclerenchymatic sheath extension that reaches the hypodermis. The stegmata cells have spherical and druse-like silica bodies. The midrib faces the adaxial surface with a thick fibrous layer surrounding the vascular bundles adjacent to the chlorenchyma. The stratified expansion tissue is on the abaxial surface, within the boundary between the mesophyll and midrib. Raphides are only found in B. capitata. Small bundles of the midrib fully surround the fibrous cylinder only in B. odorata. These characteristics are diagnostic and useful for supporting the proposed separation.

scholarly journals A new species of the genus Lycodon (Serpentes, Colubridae) from Guangxi, China

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 954 ◽  
pp. 85-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Shuo Qi ◽  
Zhi-Tong Lyu ◽  
Zhao-Chi Zeng ◽  
Ying-Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Statistical Support ◽  
Brownish Black ◽  
Significant Genetic Divergence ◽  
A New Species

A new species of colubrid snake, Lycodon cathayasp. nov., is described based on two adult male specimens collected from Huaping Nature Reserve, Guangxi, southern China. In a phylogenetic analyses, the new species is shown to be a sister taxon to the clade composed of L. futsingensis and L. namdongensis with low statistical support, and can be distinguished from all known congeners by the significant genetic divergence in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene fragment (p-distance ≥ 7.9%), and morphologically by the following combination of characters: (1) dorsal scales in 17–17–15 rows, smooth throughout; (2) supralabials eight, third to fifth in contact with eye, infralabials nine; (3) ventral scales 199–200 (plus two preventral scales), subcaudals 78; (4) loreal single, elongated, in contact with eye or not, not in contact with internasals; (5) a single preocular not in contact with frontal, supraocular in contact with prefrontal, two postoculars; (6) maxillary teeth 10 (4+2+2+2); (7) two anterior temporals, three posterior temporals; (8) precloacal plate entire; (9) ground color from head to tail brownish black, with 31–35 dusty rose bands on body trunk, 13–16 on tail; (10) bands in 1–2 vertebral scales broad in minimum width; (11) bands separate ground color into brownish black ellipse patches arranged in a row along the top of body and tail; (12) elliptical patches in 3–6 scales of the vertebral row in maximum width; (13) ventral surface of body with wide brownish black strip, margined with a pair of continuous narrow greyish white ventrolateral lines. With the description of the new species, 64 congeners are currently known in the genus Lycodon, with 16 species occurring in China.

Pleopeltis pleopeltifolia (Polypodiopsida, Polypodiaceae), a poikilochlorophyllous desiccation-tolerant fern: anatomical, biochemical and physiological responses during water stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Lorenzen Voytena ◽  
Bruno Degaspari Minardi ◽  
José Bonomi Barufi ◽  
Marisa Santos ◽  
Áurea Maria Randi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Palisade Parenchyma ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Adaxial Surface ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Notable Increase

While many ferns have been described as desiccation tolerant (DT), few studies have reported on the mechanisms they use to survive cell desiccation. Among the species belonging to the genus Pleopeltis, P. pleopeltifolia (Raddi) Alston (Polypodiopsida, Polypodiaceae) is a DT species endemic to Brazil. So as to better characterise the mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in ferns, the present study aimed to analyse frond anatomy and physiological changes associated with desiccation and rehydration of P. pleopeltifolia. Fronds are dorsiventral, with uniseriate epidermis. The epidermal cells have various shapes, tending to stretch in the longitudinal direction of the frond. Anticlinal cell walls are sinuous, and periclinal cell walls are convex. Anomocytic stomata are restricted to the abaxial surface. Trichome-type scales are found on both sides of the frond and may play a relevant role in rehydration of this plant when water is available. The mesophyll of the frond consists of palisade parenchyma, tending to a bistratified adaxial surface and spongy parenchyma on abaxial surface. The cuticle on the adaxial surface is conspicuous, ensuring better control of internal water balance. For physiological analyses, sporophytes were subjected to desiccation for 0, 5, 10 and 15 days and rehydration for 1 day. Sporophytes showed a sharp decline in water content when kept without irrigation, reaching 9.6% after 15 days, in addition to wilting and frond rolling. A significant increase in sugar content in fronds was noticeable during desiccation, which may favour a possible osmotic adjustment and vitrification. A notable increase in proline content during rehydration was observed in fronds. During the five initial days of desiccation, the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents decreased abruptly, but after 1 day of rehydration, they had partly recovered. The photosynthetic parameters analysed by fluorescence of chlorophyll a ceased completely after 15 days of desiccation but they had recovered near to pre-desiccation levels after 1 day of rehydration.

A new species and key to all known species of Confusacris Yin & Li, 1987 (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from China

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4555 (4) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
LI-LI JI ◽  
YONG-CHAO ZHI ◽  
XIN-JIANG LI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Hind Femur ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the genus Confusacris Yin & Li, 1987, namely i.e. Confusacris shanxiensis sp. nov. is described in this paper from Shanxi province of China. The new species is similar to Confusacris brachypterus Yin & Li, 1987 but differs from the latter by tegmen of male extending over middle of hind femur distinctly, maximum width of cubital vein area 1.5 times median vein area, furculae large, epiphallus without acute projection on both sides and length of interspace of mesosternum1.6 times minimum width in female. A key to known species of the genus Confusacris Yin & Li, 1987 is given in this paper. The type specimens are deposited in the College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China. 

Two new species of Graffenrieda (Melastomataceae, Merianieae) from the Amazon Rainforest

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 267 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAÍCE FERNANDA GOMES DE LIMA ◽  
JOSÉ FERNANDO ANDRADE BAUMGRATZ ◽  
EIMEAR NIC LUGHADHA ◽  
JOÃO UBIRATAN MOREIRA DOS SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Adaxial Surface ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of Graffenrieda are described from the Amazon rainforest. Graffenrieda maturaca is characterized mainly by its leaves which are dull on the adaxial surface, chartaceous, narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, and apparently uni-nerved, with only the median acrodromous vein evident. This species has been collected only at Serra de Maturacá, in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Graffenrieda goldenbergii is distinguished mainly by the pulverulent, whitish, early caducous indumentum of the rachis, pedicel, hypanthium and calyx, by the abaxial surface of the leaves which is moderately lepidote, with trichomes ca. 0.2 mm diam., by the irregularly valvate calyx, and by the membranaceous, costate, not sulcate fruits. This species has been collected in the state of Acre, Brazil, and in the Province and District of Lama in Peru. Both species are illustrated, compared with similar species, and their conservation status is discussed.

A new Werauhia (Tillandsioideae, Bromeliaceae) from Mexico with observations about its reproductive biology

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 446 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
PEDRO A. AGUILAR-RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
PEDRO DÍAZ JIMÉNEZ ◽  
ADOLFO ESPEJO-SERNA ◽  
ANA ROSA LÓPEZ-FERRARI ◽  
HEIKO HENTRICH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Large Tank ◽  
Basal Portion ◽  
A New Species

Werauhia maculata a new species from Tabasco, Mexico is described and illustrated. The new taxon possesses a large tank-rosette, with conspicuous and irregularly disposed dark purple marks on the basal portion of the leaves abaxial surface, a simple inflorescence, with secund and numerous whitish-flowers densely arranged on the rachis. The new taxon is compared with W. pectinata and W. noctiflorens, species with similar characteristics. In addition, some data about its reproductive biology are presented.

scholarly journals Density and distribution patterns of the endangered species Pinna nobilis within the harbour bay of Favignana (Egadi Islands MPA)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo D'agostaro ◽  
Stefano Donati ◽  
Renato Chemello
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Ecosystem Engineer ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Shell Height ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Harbour Area

The fan shell P. nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) is the largest marine bivalve in the Mediterranean Sea which acts as ecosystem engineer, offering an adequate substratum to several associated benthic species. P. nobilis is threatened by the reduction and loss of its natural habitat and by increased anthropogenic inputs into coastal waters. The knowledge on the population of this species are scarce, especially as concerns Sicily and its coasts. This study focused on the density of population, spatial distribution, level of burial and orientation of the population of P. nobilis in the harbour area of Favignana island (western coast of Sicily, Italy). The fan shell surveys were carried out by SCUBA diving using a 50m-transect line perpendicular to the coastline. For each P. nobilis censused, maximum (W) width, minimum width (w) and unburied length (UL) were measured; shell orientation (Or) was determined using an underwater compass and considering the magnitude of the angle formed by the vector and the magnetic north. The specimen status (dead or alive), the depth (by using the electronic depth meter of a diving computer) were recorded. In addition, the geographical coordinates were marked for each individual along the transect by means of a Global Positioning System (GPS). Total shell height (HT) was estimated using a formula considered suitable for the populations of this studied area. The density of P. nobilis was ±11 ind. 100m2, the total height (HT) and the maximum width (W) of the shells was 33 cm and 13,6 cm respectively. In the aim of the "MPA of Egadi Islands" to confirm the need of a new management to protect the biodiversity of the harbour area, more conservation measures are necessary in order to improve the preservation of this endangered species.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SURFACTANTS ON UPTAKE OF GIBBERELLIN A3 BY SOUR CHERRY LEAVES

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1167d-1167
Author(s):  
Moritz Knoche ◽  
Martin J. Bukovac
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Adaxial Surface ◽  
Response Data ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Spur Formation

Gibberellin A3 (GA) applied to virus-infected sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L., `Montmorency') trees inhibits flower initiation and promotes spur formation. However, response to a given dose may vary. Differential foliar absorption has been suggested as a major source of this variation. Therefore, we studied if surfactants would reduce variation in GA absorption. Uptake through the abaxial surface exceeded that through the adaxial surface by about one order of magnitude (adaxial surface 1.1 vs 7.8% in 1988, 0.7 vs 16.6% in 1989). GA uptake was markedly affected by surfactants. Over a 24-hr uptake period, Activator 90 and Ortho X-77 were most effective (abaxial surface 38.3 and 37.4% in 1989), whereas Regulaid did not affect GA uptake. L-77 significantly depressed absorption (abaxial surface 9.1% in 1989). In addition to the level of uptake, surfactants also changed GA absorption kinetics. Penetration increased linearly over a 96-hr time period when Regulaid was included. However, with Ortho X-77, uptake was rapid initially but levelled off within 96 hr. These findings will be discussed in relation to biological response data obtained in the field experiments.

scholarly journals El cariotipo de Paspalum cromyorrhizon diploide y tetraploide (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paspaleae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-386
Author(s):  
A. Verena Reutemann ◽  
Eric J. Martínez ◽  
Julio R. Daviña ◽  
Diego H. Hojsgaard ◽  
Ana I. Honfi
Keyword(s):  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Chromosome Count ◽  
Feulgen Staining ◽  
Chromosomal Complement ◽  
Total Length

Paspalum cromyorrhizon Trin. ex Döll is a species adapted to low and humid fields, river and stream banks, throughout S Brazil, Uruguay and NE Argentine. Diploids (2n = 2x = 20) and tetraploids (2n = 4x = 40) from natural populations of P. cromyorrhizon from Corrientes (Argentina) were used to analyse the karyotype morphometry of both cytotypes. The chromosome count was performed using classical Feulgen staining. The karyotype of diploid P. cromyorrhizon has 20 metacentric chromosomes, while the tetraploid has a karyotype of 40 metacentric chromosomes. The total length of the chromosomal complement in diploids is 32.5 μm and in tetraploids 63.5 μm, the total monoploid chromosome length is 15.48 μm in diploids and 15.21 μm in tetraploids and both karyotypes are symmetrical. Karyotype analysis confirms the autopolyploid origin proposed for tetraploids.

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