Sizing of an Innovative and Improved Meat Smoking System

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis M Bruneau ◽  
Patrick Sebastian ◽  
Jean-Yves Lecompte ◽  
Antoine Collignan ◽  
Vincent Rochery
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
Cold Source ◽  
Drying Kinetic

There has been recent interest in developing small-scale smoking technologies that respect French sanitary recommendations concerning benzo(a)pyrene deposition on food. The conceptual and embodiment phases of design, and the sizing of a smoker in which this deposition phenomenon is limited are reviewed in this paper. The conceptual phase of design has lead to a process based on the operations of smoking, heating and drying units, using cooled smoke, radiant plates and supplying flows of this cooled smoke directly to the product. For marketing reasons, the power supply is exclusively derived from the combustion of small logs and the smoke comes from sawdust pyrolysis, this smoke being cooled by flowing through a heat exchanger using ice as a cold source. The embodiment phase of design has lead to a versatile system in terms of smoking, heating and drying functionalities. The sizing of this system is based on knowing the drying kinetic of the product in a traditional smoke house (“boucan”); it was performed by estimating heat and mass transfer phenomena occurring between the product and its surroundings. It leads to a kiln having a thermodynamic efficiency close to 13%.

Application of Microchannel Condensers for Small Scale Kalina Waste Heat Recovery Systems

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Fronk ◽  
Kyle R. Zada
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Ammonia Water

Thermally driven ammonia/water Kalina cycles have shown some promise for improving the efficiency of electricity production from low temperature reservoirs (T < 200°C). However, there has been limited application of these systems to exploiting widely available, disperse, waste heat streams for smaller scale power production (∼ 1 kWe). Factors limiting increased deployment of these systems include large, costly heat exchangers, and concerns over safety of the working fluid. The use of mini and microchannel (D < 1 mm) heat exchangers has the potential to decrease system size and cost, while also reducing the working fluid inventory, enabling penetration of Kalina cycles into these new markets. To demonstrate this potential, a detailed heat exchanger model for a liquid-coupled microchannel ammonia/water condenser is developed. The heat exchanger is sized to provide the required heat transfer area for a 1 kWe Kalina system with a source and sink temperature of 150° and 20°C, respectively. An additional constraint on heat exchanger size is that the fluid pressure loss is maintained below some threshold value. A parametric analysis is conducted to assess the effect of different correlations/models for predicting the underlying heat and mass transfer and pressure drop of the ammonia/water mixture on the calculated heat exchanger area. The results show that accurately minimizing the size of the overall system is dependent upon validated zeotropic heat and mass transfer models at low mass fluxes and in small channels.

CFD-based structure optimization of plate bundle in plate-fin heat exchanger considering flow and heat transfer performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Li ◽  
Haiqing Si ◽  
Jingxuan Qiu ◽  
Yingying Shen ◽  
Peihong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Heat Transfer Efficiency

Abstract The plate-fin heat exchanger has been widely applied in the field of air separation and aerospace due to its high specific surface area of heat transfer. However, the low heat transfer efficiency of its plate bundles has also attracted more attention. It is of great significance to optimize the structure of plate-fin heat exchanger to improve its heat transfer efficiency. The plate bundle was studied by combining numerical simulation with experiment. Firstly, according to the heat and mass transfer theory, the plate bundle calculation model of plate-fin heat exchanger was established, and the accuracy of the UDF (User-Defined Functions) for describing the mass and heat transfer was verified. Then, the influences of fin structure parameters on the heat and mass transfer characteristics of channel were discussed, including the height, spacing, thickness and length of fins. Finally the influence of various factors on the flow field performance under different flow states was integrated to complete the optimal design of the plate bundle.

scholarly journals Influence of Frost Growth and Migration in Cryogenic Heat Exchanger on Air Refrigerator

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanju Yang ◽  
Zhan Liu ◽  
Bao Fu ◽  
Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Frost Formation ◽  
Transient Model ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Frost Layer

Frost formation degrades the performance of heat exchangers greatly, thus influencing the cryogenic refrigerator. Different from frost formation on the evaporator surface, the growth and migration of frost layer inside the heat exchanger is of low temperature and humidity. In addition to the constantly changing boundary conditions, the effective prediction is difficult. In the present study, a numerical model was proposed to analyze the frost formation in the cryogenic heat exchanger of a reverse Brayton air refrigerator. Under small amounts of moisture, the growing of frost layer was simulated through the numerical heat and mass transfer by adopting semiempirical correlations. The frost formation model was inserted into the transient model of refrigerator, and numerical calculations were performed on heat and mass transfer rates, and growth and migration of frost layers in forced convection conditions. Experiments were conducted under different air humidity to investigate the frost formation and verify the numerical model. Through the model, the influences of frosting on the refrigerator were evaluated under different moisture contents and running time. It can be used to predict the performance of air refrigerators with low humidity and provide a basis for improving the system operation and efficiency.

A Fully Wet and Fully Dry Tiny Circular Fin Method for Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics for Plain Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchangers Under Dehumidifying Conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (9) ◽  
pp. 1256-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Worachest Pirompugd ◽  
Chi-Chuan Wang ◽  
Somchai Wongwises
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Heat Transfer Characteristic ◽  
Transfer Characteristic ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Mass Transfer Characteristic ◽  
Transfer Characteristics

This study proposes a new method, namely the “fully wet and fully dry tiny circular fin method,” for analyzing the heat and mass transfer characteristics of plain fin-and-tube heat exchangers under dehumidifying conditions. The present method is developed from the tube-by-tube method proposed in the previous study by the same authors. The analysis of the fin-and-tube heat exchangers is carried out by dividing the heat exchanger into many tiny segments. A tiny segment will be assumed with fully wet or fully dry conditions. This method is capable of handling the plain fin-and-tube heat exchanger under fully wet and partially wet conditions. The heat and mass transfer characteristics are presented in dimensionless terms. The ratio of the heat transfer characteristic to mass transfer characteristic is also studied. Based on the reduced results, it is found that the heat transfer and mass transfer characteristics are insensitive to changes in fin spacing. The influence of the inlet relative humidity on the heat transfer characteristic is rather small. For one and two row configurations, a considerable increase of the mass transfer characteristic is encountered when partially wet conditions take place. The heat transfer characteristic is about the same in fully wet and partially wet conditions provided that the number of tube rows is equal to or greater than four. Correlations are proposed to describe the heat and mass characteristics for the present plain fin configuration.

Combined heat and mass transfer analysis during the dehumidification process within a plate type heat exchanger

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1875-1880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Sun Cho ◽  
Seon Chang Kim ◽  
Young Lyoul Kim ◽  
Yong Tae Kang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Plate Type

Steady-State Performance of a Small-Scale Liquid-to-Air Membrane Energy Exchanger for Different Heat and Mass Transfer Directions, and Liquid Desiccant Types and Concentrations: Experimental and Numerical Data

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davood Ghadiri Moghaddam ◽  
Philip LePoudre ◽  
Robert W. Besant ◽  
Carey J. Simonson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Membrane Energy

A liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger (LAMEE) is an energy exchanger that allows heat and moisture transfer between air and salt solution flows through a semipermeable membrane. For the first time, a novel small-scale single-panel LAMEE test facility is used to experimentally investigate the effect of the direction of heat and mass transfers for the air and salt solution flows, and the effect of different salt solution types and concentrations on the LAMEE effectiveness. The data for steady-state effectiveness of the LAMEE are compared to the simulation results of a numerical model. Two studies are conducted; first a study based on different heat and mass transfer directions (four test cases), and second a study focused on the influence of solution types and concentration on LAMEE performance. For the first study, NTU = 3 and four different heat capacity ratios (i.e., Cr* = 1, 3, 5, 7) are used, with a LiCl salt solution in the exchanger. Mass and energy balances for all the test cases and the repeatability of the experimental data for the air cooling and dehumidifying test case show that the experimental data are repeatable and within an acceptable uncertainty range. The results show increasing effectiveness with increasing Cr*, and good agreement between the numerical and experimental results for both air cooling and dehumidifying and air heating and humidifying test cases. In the second study, two different salt solutions (i.e., LiCl and MgCl2), and three different concentrations for the LiCl solution (i.e., 25%, 30%, and 35%) are selected to investigate the effect of different salt solution types and concentrations on the performance of the LAMEE. A maximum difference of 10% is obtained for the LAMEE total effectiveness data with the different salt solution types and concentrations. The results show that both the salt solution type and concentration affect the LAMEE effectiveness, and changing the concentration is one way to control the supply air outlet humidity ratio.

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