Method of numerical estimating aerial images indicators quality for mapping purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 968 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
I.A. Anikeeva
Keyword(s):  
Random Noise ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Correct Color ◽  
Numerical Assessment ◽  
Airborne Imaging ◽  
Imaging Sensors ◽  
Color Rendering

The task of assessing the quality of aerial imagery, obtained for mapping, in terms of vision properties, is very ambiguous due to the lack of objective criteria and evaluation methods. A system of indicators for aerial images quality and methods of their numerical assessment is presented. The fine aerial image’s quality is characterized by a set of its structural and gradation properties. The structural properties of the image are determined by the actual spatial resolution and photographic sharpness. Gradation properties of an image are characterized by the correct color rendering, the level of random noise and information completeness indicators – haze, radiometric resolution and the percentage of information loss in illumination and shadows.Methods of evaluating these indicators are formulated, and their recommended and acceptable numerical values are determined analytically. To clarify and correct the obtained analytical recommended and acceptable numerical values of the image quality indicators of their practical application possibility and further experimental studies are necessary with materials, obtained through various airborne imaging sensors for mapping.

scholarly journals FACTORS, CRITERIA AND REQUIREMENTS FOR FINE QUALITY OF AERIAL IMAGERY, OBTAINED FOR MAPPING PURPOSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-119
Author(s):  
Irina A. Anikeeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Image Quality Assessment ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Aerial Imagery ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Automatic Methods

Fine image quality assessment of aerial imagery, obtained for mapping purposes, is a relevant problem today. The purpose of this article is development the criteria system of fine image quality assessment of aerial topographic imagery and set requirements to them. The article discusses a set of factors that determine the fine image quality - natural surveying conditions, its technical and technological conditions and parameters. The article carries out the analysis of how these factors influence on aerial imagery and shows the main defects of images caused by them – such as blurring, haze, loss of information in highlights and shadows, high random noise, color disbalance. The article defines the ways for identifying these defects and assessing their influence on the fine quality of aerial imagery both visual and automatic methods. It is shown that image fine quality assessment must be carried out in terms of structural and gradation (photographic) characteristics. It is also shown that, in addition to the above characteristics, fine quality of aerial images can be influenced by random factors, the appearance of which cannot be predicted. Defects caused by these factors are revealed by operator’s visual inspection. The requirements for several fine image quality criteria, which allow to establish this research phase, are given.

Experimental and Computer Researches of Ferroconcrete Beams at High-Temperature Influences

2019 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Otrosh ◽  
Mykola Surianinov ◽  
Alexander Golodnov ◽  
Olena Starova
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Software Complex

The paper presents experimental and computer researches of ferroconcrete beams at high-temperature influences. There were conducted the experimental fire tests of ferroconcrete beams. The most promising way of verifying these experimental research data is computer simulation of structures, also during a fire. In order to evaluate the quality of the experiment and the reliability of the received temperature distribution, there was conducted a computer simulation of the ferroconcrete beam in the ANSYS R.17.1 software complex. There were conducted a comparative analysis of the results of experimental studies and numerical analysis. The results confirm that the method of conducted experimental research and computer simulation with further numerical analysis can be recommended for practical application.

Assessment of recommended and acceptable image quality indicators’ values, based on materials, obtained with various aerial surveying systems for mapping purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 975 (9) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
I.A. Anikeeva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Technical Control ◽  
Airborne Imaging ◽  
Acceptable Image Quality ◽  
Calibration Parameters

The results of fine quality indicators assessment for images, obtained with various aerial surveying systems for mapping purposes are presented. The values of parameters that characterize technical conditions, technical parameters of airborne imaging and technologic settings for imagery postprocessing, natural conditions of aerial surveying are determined. The author presents a comparative analysis of fine quality indicators assessment both for photos, the quality of which was found to be satisfactory as production technical control results and those rejected due to some relevant indicators (haze, blurring, etc) and accepted unsuitable for creating cartographic products based on them. It is shown, that some quality indicators, such as spatial resolution, sharpness and the degree (standard deviation) of random noise, are advisable to be determined at performing factory calibration of aerial cameras and included in certificate as well as other calibration parameters as metrological characteristics of the obtained imagery. Acceptable values of fine quality indicators, obtained during joint analysis of previous theoretical researches results and experimental verification, based on images, obtained by various aerial surveying systems for mapping purposes were generalized and recommended during the research.

The system of indicators of the quality of the carbon-carbon composite materials and technologies of their production

2018 ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
T. N. Antipova ◽  
D. S. Shiroyan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Carbon Matrix ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Carbon Composite Material ◽  
Carbon Composite Materials

The system of indicators of quality of carbon-carbon composite material and technological operations of its production is proved in the work. As a result of the experimental studies, with respect to the existing laboratory equipment, the optimal number of cycles of saturation of the reinforcing frame with a carbon matrix is determined. It was found that to obtain a carbon-carbon composite material with a low cost and the required quality indicators, it is necessary to introduce additional parameters of the pitch melt at the impregnation stage.

scholarly journals Ten Basic Rules of Antibody Validation

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117739011875746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G Weller
Keyword(s):  
Practical Application ◽  
Validation Criteria ◽  
Antibody Validation ◽  
Quality Of Research

The quality of research antibodies is an issue for decades. Although several papers have been published to improve the situation, their impact seems to be limited. This publication makes the effort to simplify the description of validation criteria in a way that the occasional antibody user is able to assess the validation level of an immunochemical reagent. A simple, 1-page checklist is supplied for the practical application of these criteria.

Chemical Structure of Vulcanized Rubber

1939 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
J. R. Brown ◽  
E. A. Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Extensive Investigation ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Metallic Salts ◽  
Other Substances

Abstract A CENTURY ago, Charles Goodyear in America and Th. Hancock in England found that the properties of crude rubber could be greatly improved by heating it with sulfur. The product resulting was more elastic, more resistant to tear and abrasion, less affected by solvents, and decidedly less thermoplastic. The treatment of rubber to give these desired properties is known generally as vulcanization and must be considered as the basis for the enormous growth of the rubber industry and the extensive use of rubber products in our everyday life. Broadly speaking, vulcanization involves the reaction, in some fashion, of sulfur with rubber. Extensive investigation has revealed other substances, such as benzoyl peroxide or polynitrobenzenes, which can transform rubber into a “vulcanized” condition. Experience has also shown that metallic salts of zinc or lead and especially certain organic compounds called “accelerators” greatly affect the rate of vulcanization, and these are favorably employed in practice. A vast amount of empirical knowledge has been gained which has greatly improved the practical application of vulcanization and the quality of rubber products, but which has failed as yet to reveal a complete picture of the true nature of the process.

Influence of different factors on the growth rate of young animals and the quality of beef

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
V. N. Pristupa ◽  
D. S. Torosyan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Meat Productivity

The purpose of the work was to study and identify the main factors aff ecting the quantity and quality of beef produced and sold in the Southern Federal district. A comparative assessment of the growth, development, formation of meat productivity and quality of beef of young animals of beef, dual and dairy breeds with stall-pasture technology and intensive rearing in the industrial complex. Experimental studies have been carried out in farms in the Rostov region. The object of research was cows with calves of Kalmyk, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus, Russian komolaya, Kazakh White-headed breeds, as well as young animals of the same breeds, in addition, Black-and-White and Swiss breeds. Removable live weight in Hereford steers at 18 months of age was 658,0 kg, and Aberdeen-Angus – 655,2 kg. Domestic steers of Kalmyk were 41–44 kg lower in live weight than their herdmates of two imported breeds. However, with intensive rearing at 18 months of age, steers of Kalmyk breed had a removable live weight of more than 613,7 kg and a carcass weight of 326 kg. The yield of hot carcass was 55,4 %, and the slaughter yield was 58,89 %, which was only 1–2 % lower than the world’s leading beef breeds. It has been found when analyzing the results of boning the half-carcasses of experimental steers that the biggest weight of half-carcasses and the content of muscle and fat tissue in them in absolute terms were in Hereford steers. Steers of Kalmyk breed took the third place in terms of weight of large-sized semi–fi nished products and signifi cantly lost to Aberdeen-Angus herdmates by 7,3 kg or 6,5 %, and Hereford steers by 9,2 kg or 8,3 %. The results obtained prove the expediency of using stallpasture technology in the dry-steppe zone of the Southern Federal district when rearing young animals for beef up to 350–400 kg live weight at 15 months of age and its subsequent intensive rearing under industrial technology, in order to obtain the live weight of more than 570 kg and produce cost-eff ective beef.

Method of experimental evaluation of the efficiency coefficient of vibration protection of the rope-rod coupling "MAMSAR+A" of the diesel generator set DGA-8.83

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
М.А. Минасян ◽  
А.М. Минасян ◽  
Ц. Цзэн
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Vibration Protection ◽  
Rigid Connection ◽  
Two Stages

Объектом исследования является опытный образец запатентованной канатностержневой муфты (КСМ) «MAMSAR+А» в качестве привода дизель-генераторного агрегата ДГА-8,83 мощностью 9,56 кВт при частоте вращения 1500 мин-1 с дизелем 2Ч 8,5/11 и генератором «ГК-5,6». Целью исследования является экспериментальная оценка коэффициента эффективности вибрационной защиты КСМ. Поставленная цель достигается разработкой и реализацией оригинальной методики экспериментальной оценки коэффициента эффективности КСМ с анализом и выводами результатов экспериментальных исследований. Экспериментальные исследования проводятся в два этапа. Первый этап – с упругим соединением КСМ, второй этап – с жестким соединением. Оригинальность методики экспериментальной оценки коэффициента эффективности вибрационной защиты КСМ главным образом заключается в том, что между двумя этапами экспериментальных исследований КСМ не демонтируется. Следовательно, качество центровки не нарушается. Усредненный коэффициент эффективности виброизоляции КСМ составляет от 3 до 8 дБ. The object of this research is a prototype of the patented wire rope coupling (KSM) "MAMSAR+A" as a drive for a diesel-generator unit DGA-8.83 with a power of 9.56 kW at a speed of 1500 min-1 with a 2CH 8.5/11 diesel engine and a generator "KG-5.6". The aim of the research is to experimentally evaluate the efficiency coefficient of vibration protection of the KSM. This goal is achieved by developing and implementing an original method for experimental evaluation the efficiency coefficient of the KSM with analysis and conclusions of the results of experimental studies. Experimental studies are conducted in two stages. The first stage - with an elastic connection of the coupling, the second stage - with a rigid connection. The originality of the method of experimental evaluation of the efficiency coefficient of vibration protection of the KSM mainly lies in the fact that the KSM is not dismantled between the two stages of experimental research. Therefore, the quality of alignment is not violated. The average coefficient of vibration isolation efficiency of the KSM is from 3 to 8 dB.

CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF PASTA WITH POWDER FROM MARIGOLD INFLORESCENCES (TAGETES L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
SHAPOVALOVA Nataliia ◽  
VEZHLIVTSEVA Svitlana ◽  
ANTIUSHKO Dmytro
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

Background. The deficiency of essential nutrients in the human body is the root cause of reduced efficiency, general resistance of the body to various diseases. That is an urgent problem in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection. In this regard, the search for opportunities to meet the needs of the population in food products that contain biologically active substances (BAS) through the use of high-value and at the same time available plant raw materials is extremely important. Marigolds attract special attention among such raw materials. The aim of the work is to study the chemical composition and evaluate the consumer properties of Tagetes L. varieties, zoned in the Kiev region, to prove the possibility of increasing the biological value of pasta by adding to their recipe powder from marigold inflorescences. Materials and methods. The object of research is pasta of B group (noodles). Inflorescences of marigolds of different varieties gathered during the flowering period in July-September 2019–2020 in the territory of Vasylkiv and Obukhiv districts of Kyiv region, Ukraine were used as enriching plant raw materials. The quality of finished pasta was assessed by organoleptic and physicochemical indexes (moisture content and titratable acidity). The content of mineral elements in the fine powder of marigold inflorescences was determined on the EXHERT-3L device, the quantitative composition and BAS identification – by spectrophotometric analysis on the device Specord-200 Analytic Jena UV-vis. The integrated quality index of pasta products was calculated taking into account the importance factors of individual indexes. Results. Comparing the obtained results, we can state that all the studied varieties – Gold Kopfen, Orange Flame, Hawaii, Equinox are characterized by high biological value, regardless of the area of collection. As a result of calculated and experimental studies it was determined that the addition of 7 % of the supplement does not provide the required supply of vitamins and minerals. Replacing the flour in the recipe by 20 % significantly improves the mineral composition, but deteriorates the taste and aromatic properties of pasta. The most optimal and rational amount of added additive is 15 %, as it improves the organoleptic properties of pasta and enriches their BAS. Conclusion. The usage of non-traditional vegetable raw materials, in particular powder from marigold inflorescences, which is rich in biologically active substances, allows not only to expand the range, improve the quality of finished products, but also increase the biological value of the product. The optimal amount of additive –powder from marigold inflorescences, was defined. It is 15 % by weight of flour in the production of noodles. This concentration allows not only to improve the organoleptic properties, but also to increase the content of biologically active substances – vitamins, micro- and macronutrients. The usage of non-traditional natural raw materials (powder from marigold inflorescences) allows to abandon artificial colorsand give the finished pasta a pleasant colorand aroma.

Research of Wavelet Packet Analysis in the De-Noising of Ultrasonic Echo Signal

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 1817-1822
Author(s):  
Xi Feng Zhou ◽  
Xiao Wu ◽  
Qian Gang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Wavelet Packet ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Flaw Detection ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Local Analysis ◽  
Echo Signal ◽  
Wavelet Packet Analysis ◽  
Ultrasonic Flaw

The quality of ultrasonic flaw echo signal is the foundation of achieving qualitative and quantitative analysis in the in ultrasonic flaw detection. In practice, the flaw echo signals are often contaminated or even annihilation by random noise. According to the characteristics of ultrasonic flaw echo signal, wavelet packet has more accurate local analysis ability in low frequency and high frequency part. This paper discusses de-noising in ultrasonic signals based on wavelet packet analysis, and proposes an improved threshold approach for de-noising. The results show that: It remarkably raises the signal-to-noise ratio of ultrasonic flaw echo signal and improves the quality of signal with improved wavelet packet threshold.

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