scholarly journals Terrorism as a manifestation of the ideological crime: culturological aspects of counteraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Oleg N. Bibik
Keyword(s):  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Press ◽  
Terrorist Acts ◽  
The Impact

The subject. The issues of combating terrorism through the prism of culture are examined in the article.The purpose of the article is to show the anti-terroristic measures through the scope of culture.The description of methodology. The author uses methods of complex analysis, synthesis, as well as formal-legal, comparative-legal methods in cultural aspect.The main results and scope of their application. Acts of terrorism are frequent and occur almost worldwide.Counter-terrorism through criminal penalties is ineffective, because: 1) there are a lot of people among the terrorists who are law-abiding, criminal behavior is not typical for them; 2) in case of terrorist acts by suicide bombers they could not be objectively deter by the threat of punishment; 3) criminal punishment, including capital punishment, can give him the halo of a martyr.Acts of terrorism cause a serious public outcry. Attempts to strengthen the criminal repression are being made often as a consequence of the impact of terrorist attacks. However, such a reaction to the terrorist attacks appears due to a desire to symbolically restore the social justice. The application of criminal repression is deeply symbolic, because it is always culturally determined. The execution of a terrorist should also be considered as an element of symbolic exchange (punishment instead of a crime).Terrorism is motivated ideologically, that’s why it may be regarded as a kind of ideological crime. Its foundation is a system of views, concepts that allow the offender consider crime as right, morally justified, committing for a higher purpose.Conclusions. It is proposed to consider the fight against terrorism as primarily a struggle with the idea that caused it to life, through the anti-terrorist propaganda, the formation of a negative image of the terrorist in popular culture, minimization of highlighting terrorist attacks and those, who committed them, in the press. The basis of counter-terrorism due to the conflict of cultures is the idea of a dialogue between them. Developing a strategy to counter terrorism we should take into account the risks that inevitably arise in connection with the limitation of rights and freedoms of people. Counter-terrorism is not a convenient reason for explaining the growing influence of law enforcement on social processes, especially for undermining the democratic foundations of the state.

Communicating Terror: Mediatization and Ritualization

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Xi Cui ◽  
Eric Rothenbuhler
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Internal Logic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Flows ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Terrorist Acts

In this essay, we explicate the internal logic of contemporary terrorist acts and our society’s responses, to denaturalize the label and meanings we give to “terrorism.” We argue that contemporary terrorism communicates intimidation, fear, and anxiety through the ritualization and mediatization of terrorist attacks. Mediatization refers to the strategic coercion of imperative media coverage of the attacks, and ritualization refers to the focus on sacred life structures in both terrorist attacks and remedial responses. In combining ritualization and mediatization, terrorism aims to introduce maximal chaos through unexpected disruption of the sacred and taken-for-granted in everyday life in the community of the attack and wherever media coverage can reach. The fear and anxiety induced by disrupted life rhythms, including normal media flows, and the compelling footage of the disruption lead to ritualized reactions which both restore and transform the social order beyond the moment of the attack.

scholarly journals Natural Hazards and the press in the western Mediterranean region

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Llasat-Botija ◽  
M. C. Llasat ◽  
L. López
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Press Coverage ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Press ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This study analyses press articles published between 1982 and 2005 in an attempt to describe the social perception of natural hazards in Catalonia. The articles included in the database have been classified according to different types of risk. In addition, the study examines the evolution of each type of risk in the press coverage during the study period. Finally, the results have been compared to data provided by insurance companies with respect to compensations paid out for damages. Conclusions show that floods are the most important natural hazard in the region, but that the number of headlines for each event is greater in the case of snowfalls and forest fires. Factors such as the season of the year, the proximity of the affected region to the capital, the topical issues at the time, and the presence of other important news must be considered when the impact in the press is analysed.

scholarly journals Improvement of Terrorism-Related Criminal Liability

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Louisa Kokoeva ◽  
Angelina Kolieva ◽  
Yaroslav Garmyshev
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Special Services ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Terrorist Acts ◽  
Criminal Legislation ◽  
The Impact

The authors use international experience to review main trends in improving terrorism-related criminal liability in Russia, analyze key international legal acts as well as Russian laws that form the basis for counteracting terrorism. They state that the federal law «On Counteracting Terrorism» eliminated a number of legal problems and contradictions in the counter-terrorism legislation and practice of counter-terrorism work. The authors pay attention to specific modern features of terrorist acts, including the use of the Internet technologies to recruit potential criminals. They study problems in international counter-terrorism cooperation. The authors note that the legal basis for counteracting terrorism at the municipal level is far behind the regional and federal levels and suggest how legislation for terrorism-related crimes and their subject composition could be improved. They show that it is necessary to hold close relatives of terrorists responsible for crimes against public safety if their knowledge about the crime or aid to criminals has been proven. It is noted that it is necessary to strengthen the system of preventive measures aimed at determining the causes and conditions contributing to terrorism. The role of special services in preventing terrorist attacks should decline while the impact of educational institutions, public organizations, the church and mass media should increase. Besides, the authors note that victimological influence is very promising for improving the effectiveness of terrorism counteraction and suggest making a number of amendments in the current Russian criminal legislation.

scholarly journals Space-Time Surveillance of Negative Emotions after Consecutive Terrorist Attacks in London

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dajun Dai ◽  
Ruixue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Permutation Model ◽  
The Impact

Terrorist attacks pose significant threats to mental health. There is dearth information about the impact of consecutive terrorist attacks on space-time concentrations of emotional reactions. This study collected (1) Twitter data following the two terrorist attacks in London in March and June of 2017, respectively, and (2) deprivation data at small areal levels in the United Kingdom. The space-time permutation model was used to detect the significant clusters of negative emotions, including fear, sadness, and anger in tweets. Logistic regression models were used to examine the social deprivation of communities associated with negative tweeting. The results reported two significant clusters after the March attack, one was in London, ten days after the attack, and the other was far from the attack site between Manchester and Birmingham, three days after the attack. Attention to the reoccurring attack in June diminished quickly. The socially deprived communities experienced double disadvantage—sending fewer tweets but expressing more negative emotions than their counterparts. The findings suggest that terrorism can affect public emotions far and broad. There is a potential for surveillance to rapidly identify geographically concentrated emotions after consecutive or prolonged disasters using social media data.

Influence of Terrorist Acts on the Dynamics of World Stock Markets: Situational Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-121
Author(s):  
Sergej Volodin ◽  
Andrej Mikhalev
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Terrorist Acts ◽  
The Impact

Despite the efforts of law enforcement agencies of the world’s leading countries, the influence of radical movements has become much stronger in last decades. Terrorist acts lead to a sharp destabilization in the country especially in its economy. Although the number of terrorist acts is growing, their impact on the financial markets is still barely studied. That is why the aim of this work is to define the general nature of the impact of terrorist attacks on world stock markets. For this purpose, the authors use data for nineteen countries for the period from 1988 to May 2017. The situational analysis, which is based on this data, made it possible to identify the main trends in the impact of terrorist attacks on the dynamics of market indices in developed and developing countries, and also to describe Russian specifics. The conclusions of this work can be useful to market agents as well as to the organizers of trades and regulators, for the formation of timely and correct measures to stabilize the financial system in such situations.

scholarly journals Terrorism and Iraqi National Security 2003-2017: the Socio-Economic and Cultural Losses

Twejer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 987-1032
Author(s):  
Nayar Muhiadeen Hamadamin ◽  
◽  
Othman Ahmed Ali ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Al Qaeda ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Terrorist Organizations ◽  
Security Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Terrorist Acts ◽  
The Impact

This paper is entitled "Terrorism and Iraqi National Security 2003-2017: the Socio-Economic and Cultural Losses". It discusses the impact of the acts of terrorist groups, especially by Al Qaeda and ISIS on Iraqi national security. Besides, it highlights the impact of terrorist groups on the Iraqi national unity, and socio-cultural sectors of Iraq's society. The findings of our paper show the wide range extent of damages done by the two mentioned terrorist organizations on Iraq's national security, in terms of cost, time, and quality. Besides, the terrorist acts, especially that of ISIS, had a profound effect on Iraq's peace, stability, and had disrupted the social cohesion of Iraqi society. Keywords: ISIS, Al-Qaeda, National Security, Culture, and Iraqi Society

scholarly journals White Knights, Black Armour, Digital Worlds: Exploring the Efficacy of Analysing Online Manifestos of Terrorist Actors in the Counter Terrorism Landscape

2021 ◽  
pp. 199-221
Author(s):  
Kosta Lucas ◽  
Daniel Baldino
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
The Past ◽  
Digital World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
Group Think ◽  
Narrative Framework

AbstractOver the past few years, a number of major terrorist attacks have been accompanied by the uploading of detailed, online manifestos, which chart and publicise ideologies, motivations and tactical choices in the backdrop of a dehumanized foe. Such manifestos can also act as inspiration for potential copycats and group-think style supporters within an insulated network. However the types of conclusions that can be drawn from manifesto analysis is a complex issue. The broad aim of this chapter is to explore such identity construction and the usefulness of analysing terrorist manifestos through a narrative framework, with a view to demonstrating that manifestos can be understood as a script to a violent performance (the terrorist act) in the theatre of terrorism (the digital world). These insights can serve the development of policy directed towards aspects of the personal attitudes and the social drivers that are necessary for the amplification of violence rather than in the often impenetrable prediction of who is and who is not likely to become a terrorist actor.

scholarly journals Analysis of Community Social Issues in Jamdin Buyong Editorial Cartoon Press Sabah Times

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 5575-5579
Author(s):  
Suraya Hani Zakaria ◽  
Mohammad Pu’ad Bebit ◽  
Mohd Sawari Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Visual Concept ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to analyze social issues in more detail in Jamdin Buyong's editorial cartoon work published in the Sabah Times newspaper in 1967. The cartoon produced in the press is an important historical record of civilization. This is because it describes the situation of the community at that time which is the recording of events, life and social society. Social institutions of society are sometimes faced with problems of life and conflict in themselves requires instruction such as reprimand, advice, indirect criticism. Gambling through cartoon can be presented through casual and unpretentious methods. Hence, the strength of this visual arts branch is what painters use to criticize constructively and help solve problems as well as to build harmony and social harmony. However, these visual artworks are not addressed as serious and less attention and references. This study uses a visual semiotic theory approach by Charles Sanders Pierces to explain the meaning that will lead to values ​​as a teaching and guidance. In summary, this study proves that the production of cartoon in representation or symbolic use is used by the painter to make a statement of humorous, sharp or sarcastic criticism. The purpose is to deliver messages, advice and lessons to the community that rely on good positive and moral values ​​to the community. The impact, the content of the values ​​in the cartoons shows the social issues of youth and youth that have begun since the 60s to today. Hence, the resulting study is expected to benefit the community and change the meaning and visual concept among the community in order to be a form of documentation for future generation and future reference.

scholarly journals Preventing violent radicalization of youth through dialogic evidence-based policies

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Aiello ◽  
Lídia Puigvert ◽  
Tinka Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
The Impact

Radicalization of youth leading to violent extremism in the form of terrorism is an urgent problem considering the rise of young people joining extremist groups of different ideologies. Previous research on the impact of counter-terrorism polices has highlighted negative outcomes such as stigmatizing minority groups. Drawing on qualitative research conducted under the PROTON project (2016–2019) by CREA-UB on the social and ethical impact of counter-terrorism policies in six EU countries, the present article presents and discusses the ways in which actions characterized by creating spaces for dialogue at the grassroots level are contributing to prevent youth violent radicalization. The results highlight four core elements underlying these spaces for dialogue: providing guidance to be safe in the exploration of extremist messages and violent radicalization; the rejection of violence; that dialogue is egalitarian; and that relationships are built on trust so that adolescents and young adults feel confident to raise their doubts. If taken into account, these elements can serve to elaborate dialogic evidence-based policies. The policies which include a dialogue between the scientific evidence and the people affected by them once implemented, achieve positive social impact.

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